Low carbon economy最新文献

{"title":"Reusing and Recycling Strategies in Designing the Costume for the Theater between Kuwait and the UK","authors":"Ali Hussain","doi":"10.4236/lce.2021.123005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/lce.2021.123005","url":null,"abstract":"Reusing and recycling materials inside the domains of showy ensemble plan and generation is critical. When a Kuwaiti play wraps up its run, ensembles are tossed absent and modern ones are outlined when vital. This hone demonstrates a need for mindfulness of reusing procedures. This is often a genuine matter; tons of material materials are being squandered instead of reused. The current preparation of creating ensembles for Kuwait theatre preparations includes the conception and portraying of ensembles, the buy of modern textures, and the work of tailors for a generation. Since fitting is outsourced, there’s a deficiency of architects who can make outfits independently. The current handle does not consolidate any strategies for reusing ensembles. This combined with tall levels of material squander, comes about in critical biological issues that request quick consideration. However, in countries such as Kuwait, where the hone was commonplace earlier to the Iraqi intrusion, this can be not the case. This qualitative study looked for examining current hones among Kuwaiti costumiers and after that compared these to UK costumiers who give an illustration of existing feasible (reusing and recycling) ensemble plan hones. It pointed to explore the states of mind and discernment of Kuwaiti costumiers towards reusing and reusing as ways of lessening material squander. This paper used exploratory and participatory modes of essential investigation. Thinks were conducted to assemble essential information, an arrangement of semi-structured interviews was conducted with 4 UK and 4 Kuwaiti costumiers to inspire data on understanding their sustainable design process into making costumes. This paper will survey the discoveries of investigating ventures and exploring the generation forms utilized by ensemble originators within the UK and Kuwait. It’ll demonstrate how the Kuwaiti costumers their behaviors, coupled with their need of knowledge with utilizing reusing and reusing methodologies to make ensembles, had expanded material squander and adversely influenced the Kuwait theater ensemble plan industry.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45114673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Reference Emission and Absorption Levels in Benin’s Protected Areas","authors":"Ismaïla Toko Imorou, Yaya Issifou Moumouni, Djaouga Mama, A. Ousséni, Zakari Soufouyane, Matilo Orou Augustin, Satoguina Honorat, Yabi Ibouraïma, Djégo Julien, Thomas Omer, Houssou S. Christophe","doi":"10.4236/lce.2021.123006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/lce.2021.123006","url":null,"abstract":"For the implementation of the REDD+ mechanism, the UNFCCC, through decision 12/CP17, invites countries to develop certain tools to estimate reference emission levels for forests. With this in mind, reference emission and absorption levels were estimated in five protected areas in Benin. To achieve this, two different datasets were used, namely: in situ data from the field collection campaign carried out in 2018, especially from the national forest inventory of 2007 and land use data from 2000 to 2018. In accordance with the 2006 IPCC Good Practice Guidance on Greenhouse Gas Inventories, the calculation of historical emissions from deforestation and degradation is done by multiplying Activity Data (AD) by Emission Factors (EF). The analysis of the results shows that at the national level, the annual deforestation rate in protected areas is 0.34% (2091 ha/year), compared to 1.09% (3153 ha/year) for the annual degradation rate. Overall, carbon emissions amount to 166.65 Mt.eq-CO2/ha, or 16.67 Mt.eq-CO2/ha/year, compared to baseline removals of about 1.14 Mt.eq-CO2/ha, or 0.11 Mt.eq-CO2/ha/year in the protected areas covered by this research. Annual emissions of 0.67 Mt.eq-CO2/ha/year from methane are also noted, compared to 0.056 Mt.eq-CO2/ha/year from nitrous oxide. Therefore, It is clear that actions to mitigate GHG emissions must be undertaken directly in Benin’s protected areas in order to strengthen forest carbon stocks.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46785202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Installation of Residential Solar Panelsin California","authors":"Candace E. Ybarra, J. Broughton, Prashanth U. Nyer","doi":"10.4236/lce.2021.112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/lce.2021.112004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines some trends in residential solar panel installations in California. First, we look at the growth in residential solar panel installations in the state and changes in consumption per account. Next, we examine aspects of the proposed changes to the net metering program in the state. Politicians, the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC), investor owned utility (IOU) companies and other public interest groups are currently involved in a contentious debate on the future of residential solar panel installations in the state of California. The major California IOUs, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), Southern California Edison (SCE), San Diego Gas and Electric (SDGE), and others have argued that solar panel installations favor wealthier residential customers at the expense of less wealthy customers. The basis of the argument is that under the current rate structure those with the financial resources to install solar panels are able to avoid paying their share of the fixed costs incurred by utility companies which results in a disproportionate burden on less wealthy customers. IOUs have asked for permission to charge solar customers large additional monthly fees. Some have even called for all the grandfathering protections granted to early solar adopters under the previous and current net metering programs (NEM 1.0 and NEM 2.0) to be withdrawn. Solar companies and residential solar customers have maintained that such moves would destroy the solar industry in the state, cause thousands of job losses, and most importantly, prevent the state from making progress towards its stated carbon neutrality goals. Given this ongoing debate, it is important to examine whether there exists a wealth difference between residential customers in California who have and have not installed solar panels. As an extension of this research, we also went about determining whether climatic conditions impact the solar panel adoption rates. While California is a huge state with varied climatic zones and several utility companies, we focus our analysis on residential customers of SCE who reside in Orange County. The findings and conclusions are generalizable to residential customers throughout the state.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass Analysis by Means of Environmental Economics","authors":"S. D. Giakoumatos, O. Kopsidas","doi":"10.4236/LCE.2021.121002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/LCE.2021.121002","url":null,"abstract":"The latest years, oil and gas demand reduction \u0000incurred market turbulences as a result of oil wells exploitation uncertainties \u0000and new green policies towards sustainability that turn the stakeholders to \u0000eco-friendlier energy sources. A challenging alternative to this direction is \u0000the increment of biomass share in the overall consumed energy balance. From \u0000many standpoints of view, biomass has minor impact on the CO2-cycle \u0000balance “operating” as an offset against CO2 photosynthesis. In the present work, a practically holistic interpretation of \u0000biomass energy contribution in our societies was outlined. Expert systems were \u0000developed as a tool to biomass energy analysis and certain models were presented to approach \u0000estimation of individual parts of biomass exploitation chain. The tendency of \u0000energy crop land availability and best cultivated practices were presented as \u0000well. A schematic cost analysis of biomass utilization was performed under most \u0000common operational scenarios. Economic evaluation, future strategic planning \u0000and environmental impact from energy biomass utilization were all analyzed up \u0000to a certain point. Biomass as a renewable energy form is expected to bring \u0000about a positive cost/benefit ratio. \u0000Biomass, in general, is easier to handle, (storage-transportation), cost-effective and more beneficial in terms of \u0000greenhouse gases (GHG) net emissions as results from an incorporated ad hoc \u0000developed SWOT analysis.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"12 1","pages":"22-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47360773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a Coffee Husk Fired Cogeneration Plant in South Western Ethiopia Coffee Processing Industries","authors":"Sairoel Amertet, Yosef Mitiku, Getachew F. Belete","doi":"10.4236/LCE.2021.121003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/LCE.2021.121003","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays our energy needs have grown exponentially corresponding with \u0000human population growth and technological advancement. Energy consumption \u0000linked to non-renewable resources contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and \u0000enhances resource depletion. Most of the researchers were proven that the \u0000worldwide concern about CO2 emissions and the reduction in the use of coal fuels have increased the interest in using biomass fuel for \u0000electricity production, because there is no net increase in CO2 emissions from biomass (agricultural residues such as straw, bagasse, coffee \u0000husk, and rice husks) combustion. Furthermore, coffee husk which has high \u0000energy potential was not taken into account for the generation of energy. However, \u0000this paper investigates the energy generation in coffee husk, and suggests coffee \u0000husk is an energy source. The datum was collected from the south western region \u0000of Ethiopia (Taipei town), and its equipment \u0000was selected. Coffee husk was tested experimentally in Addis Ababa University \u0000with Eager 300 software for running the equipment, storing the data and \u0000analyzing. The results obtained that calorific values were 18.98 MJ/kg. Overall the \u0000result demonstrates that the proposed coffee husk has high energy potential for \u0000the generation of energy.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"12 1","pages":"42-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Mean Sea Level Nexus Climate Change: A Dynamic Cointegration and Causality Analyses","authors":"M. Hossain","doi":"10.4236/lce.2021.124008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/lce.2021.124008","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the impact of climate change on the global mean sea level varia-tions is becoming an important issue to the researchers and policy makers as a general concern about environmental degradation is making their way into global policy agenda. That is why, in this paper the principal purpose has been made to investigate the dynamic cointegration and causality relationships between global mean sea level (GMSL) and its determinants. Also another purpose has been made to examine empirically the short-run and long-run effects of climate change, carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, trade openness and urbanization on global mean sea level based on the time series data from 1970-2019. From the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) tests results it is found that all the variables are integrated of order one i.e. I(1). From the bounds test approach, it is found that there exits only one cointegration relationship when GMSL is the dependent variable. From the Granger causality test results of VEC model, it is found that the short-run unidirectional causalities are running from carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption to global mean sea level, from energy consumption and trade openness to carbon dioxide emissions and from trade openness to energy consumption. It has also been found that the error correction term is statistically significant at any significance level when global mean sea level is treated as endogenous variable indicating that there exists a long-run relationship among the variables in the form of Equation (1). It has also been found that in the short-run the variables temperature, carbon dioxide emissions, run equilibrium is statistically significant and within the first year, when global mean sea level is above or below its equilibrium level, it adjusts 66.52%. It has also been found that in the long-run the variables temperature, carbon dioxide emissions, and urbanization have significant positive effects on global mean sea level at any significance level but the variable energy consumption has significant negative effects at 5% significance level. It is also found that over time higher temperature, and carbon dioxide emissions will increase global mean sea level rapidly. The CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests results support that the VEC model is stable and can be applied for policy formulation and decision making purposes.","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development Status of Green Smart Mines and Construction Principles and Suggestions","authors":"呈鹏 孙","doi":"10.12677/JLCE.2021.101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JLCE.2021.101002","url":null,"abstract":"Green and smart mines are a new round of industrial revolution and technological revolution marked by automation, intelligence, and modernization. It is an important way and grasp for the 通讯作者。","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66125756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Carbon Footprint of Tourism Activities Based on Tourist Experience","authors":"畑甜 顾","doi":"10.12677/JLCE.2021.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JLCE.2021.101001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66125278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Practical Rationality, Value Logic and Strategic Prospects of the “Three Changes” Reform Empowering Green Poverty Reduction","authors":"张 绪清","doi":"10.12677/JLCE.2021.102005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JLCE.2021.102005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"10 1","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66125917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economics of Residential Solar and Battery Storage: Analyzing the Impact of the Joint IOU Proposal for Net Metering 3.0 in California","authors":"Candace E. Ybarra, Prashanth U. Nyer, J. Broughton, Thomas A. Turk","doi":"10.4236/lce.2021.124007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/lce.2021.124007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91573,"journal":{"name":"Low carbon economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}