BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Sweet-type star fruit supplementation controls oxidative stress status and enhances the community walking capacity among elderly Thai","authors":"Jynwara Kaju, Jirakrit Leelarungrayub, Surapol Natakankitkul, James J Laskin","doi":"10.1186/s12906-023-04291-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-04291-3","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet-type Star fruit (SF) (Averrhoa carambola L.) is seasonal and more available for purchase in many markets in Thailand, when compared to the sour-type. But, its antioxidant activity results and potentially more modified supplement for elderly health during regular exercise in the community are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and physical capacity from supplementation of sweet-type SF among elderly people performing home walking exercise. Mixing SF juice with honey industrially prepared the SF product. Its effects on oxidative stress status and physical capacity were studied in four groups; a supplement with walking exercise (n = 11, 67.00 ± 4.17 years), control (n = 12, aged 67.50 ± 5.58 years), supplementation (n = 11, aged 69.63 ± 7.14 years), and walking exercise (n = 12, aged 67.91 ± 4.33 years). Twenty grams or two teaspoons of supplement in warm water (150 mL) was the guideline for consumption twice daily for 4 weeks. In contrast, the walking exercise was prescribed with moderate intensity for 30 min, 3 days per week. Before and after the 4-week period, the oxidative stress status; glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (Vit C), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated. Results after the 4-week period, showed that Vit C and TAC increased and the MDA decreased significantly in the supplementation group, except the GSH and 6MWD results. The GSH and Vit C slightly decreased in the walking exercise group, whereas, its TAC, MDA and 6MWD increased significantly. Finally, The GSH and Vit C did not decrease and MDA slightly decreased in the combined group, but, their TAC and 6MWD increased significantly. Supplementation of the SF product during walking exercise possibly controls oxidative stress status and may enhance walking capacity.","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Danlou Recipe promotes cholesterol efflux in macrophages RAW264.7 and reverses cholesterol transport in mice with hyperlipidemia induced by P407","authors":"Wenrun Han, Dandan Zhang, Peng Zhang, Qianqian Tao, Xiaoli Du, Chunquan Yu, Pengzhi Dong, Yan Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12906-023-04253-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-04253-9","url":null,"abstract":"Liver X Receptor (LXR) agonists could attenuate the development of atherosclerosis but bring excess lipid accumulation in the liver. Danlou Recipe was believed to be a benefit for improving the lipid profile. Thus, it is unclear whether Danlou Recipe could attenuate hyperlipidemia without excess lipid accumulated in the liver of mice. This study aimed to clarify if Danlou Recipe could alleviate the progression of hyperlipidemia in mice without extra lipids accumulated in the liver. Male murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells and murine peritoneal macrophages were used for the in vitro experiments. Cellular cholesterol efflux was determined using the fluorescent cholesterol labeling method. Those genes involved in lipid metabolism were evaluated by qRT‐PCR and western blotting respectively. In vivo, a mouse model of hyperlipidemia induced by P407 was used to figure out the effect of Danlou Recipe on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and hyperlipidemia. Ethanol extract of Danlou tablet (EEDL) was prepared by extracting the whole powder of Danlou Prescription from ethanol, and the chemical composition was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). EEDL inhibits the formation of RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells, and promotes ABCA1/apoA1 conducted cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse peritoneal macrophages. In the P407-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model, oral administration of EEDL can promote RCT in vivo and improve fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet. Consistent with the findings in vitro, EEDL promotes RCT by upregulating the LXR activities. Our results demonstrate that EEDL has the potential for targeting RCT/LXR in the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders to be developed as a safe and effective therapy.","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of Yukgunja-tang combined with a proton pump inhibitor for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: study protocol for randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial","authors":"Na-Yeon Ha, Jung-Wook Kim, Jinsung Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12906-023-04283-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-04283-3","url":null,"abstract":"Yukgunja-tang (YGJ) is an herbal prescription used to treat the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although many preclinical and clinical studies on YGJ have been conducted on GERD, there is a lack of evidence from blinded studies to exclude placebo effects. Therefore, this protocol proposes a clinical trial that is single-centered, randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy to objectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of co-administered YGJ and rabeprazole (RPZ) in patients with GERD previously treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and still experiencing symptoms. A total of 86 participants with refractory GERD (rGERD) will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the treatment [YGJ and RPZ (10 mg/d)] and control groups [double-dose RPZ (20 mg/d)] for 4 weeks of treatment (weeks 0–4) followed by 4 weeks of follow-up (weeks 4–8). The Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of GERD will be analyzed for the primary endpoint. Reflux Disease Questionnaire, Reflux Symptom Score, GERD-Health Related Quality of Life, Overall Treatment Evaluation, Spleen Qi Deficiency Questionnaire, Damum Questionnaire, and dyspepsia Visual Analogue Scale will be used to evaluate treatment effects on GERD related symptoms and quality of life and to compare treatment effects by subgroups. Safety tests will be analyzed by investigating adverse events. This clinical trial will be the first rigorous double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled study to precisely evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of YGJ and PPIs in the treatment of rGERD. The results of this study will provide a reliable clinical basis for selecting botanical drug treatments for patients with rGERD. Clinical Research Information Service (registration number: KCT0008600, July 13, 2023, https://cris.nih.go.kr ).","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138554079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio in Evaluating Incident Diabetes Risk.","authors":"Guotai Sheng, Dingyang Liu, Maobin Kuang, Yanjia Zhong, Shuhua Zhang, Yang Zou","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S355980","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S355980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world, and its prevalence is expected to rise further. To help understand the utility of the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) in diabetes prevention, this large-scale longitudinal cohort study aims to explore the association of NHHR with diabetes risk and compare it as a risk predictor with conventional lipid parameters.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This observational study extracted data from the NAGALA longitudinal cohort study conducted in Japan between 2004 and 2015. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between NHHR and the risk of diabetes. The dose-response relationship was analyzed by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and the potential risk threshold was estimated. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze and calculate the predictive value and optimal threshold of NHHR and other conventional lipids for new-onset diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 15,464 people aged 18-79, 373 (2.41%) were diagnosed with new-onset diabetes during the study period, with a median age of 46 years. The sensitivity analysis based on multivariate adjustment showed that the independent positive correlation between diabetes and NHHR was stable in different populations. RCS and ROC analysis indicated that the association between NHHR and diabetes was non-linear, and the NHHR was a better marker for predicting diabetes risk than other conventional lipid parameters; Additionally, it is worth noting that an NHHR of approximately 2.74 may be the optimal threshold for intervention in diabetes risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the general population, NHHR is a better marker for predicting diabetes risk than conventional lipid parameters, and an NHHR of about 2.74 may be the optimal threshold for assessing diabetes risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"1677-1686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9166911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87747629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary medicine use among Australian patients in an acute hospital setting: an exploratory, cross sectional study.","authors":"Freya Waddington,&nbsp;Jenny Lee,&nbsp;Mark Naunton,&nbsp;Greg Kyle,&nbsp;Jackson Thomas,&nbsp;Gabrielle O'Kane","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2788-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-019-2788-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of Complementary Medicines (CMs) has significantly increased in Australia over the last decade. This study attempts to determine the extent to which complementary and alternative medicines are recorded, ceased or initiated in the acute hospital setting and investigate which health professionals have a role in this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of inpatients was conducted at a major tertiary teaching hospital. Patient's medical records were examined to determine the rates of complementary medicine (CM) use and recording on medication charts and discharge prescriptions. Patient progress notes were audited to determine which health professionals were involved with the initiation or cessation of CMs during the inpatient stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and forty-one patients were included for analysis of which 44.3% (n = 151) participants were recorded as utilizing a CM. Patients were admitted on a mean of 2 (±1.4[Sd]; 0-9[range]) CMs and discharged on a mean of 1.7 CMs (±1.3[Sd]; 0-5[range]). 274 individual CMs were recorded on inpatient medication reconciliation forms with multivitamins, magnesium, fish oil and cholecalciferol recorded the most frequently. One hundred and fifty-eight changes to patient CM usage were recorded during the patient hospitalisation. One hundred and seven of these changes (68%) were not accounted for in the patient progress notes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients use of CM in this hospital setting do not reflect the national estimated usage. On the occasions that CM products are included in patient records, they are subsequently deprescribed following patient examination in hospital. It is currently unclear which health professionals have a role in this deprescribing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12906-019-2788-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37480616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and acute toxicity effects of fermented soybean.","authors":"Hamidah Mohd Yusof,&nbsp;Norlaily Mohd Ali,&nbsp;Swee Keong Yeap,&nbsp;Wan Yong Ho,&nbsp;Boon Kee Beh,&nbsp;Soo Peng Koh,&nbsp;Kamariah Long,&nbsp;Noorjahan Banu Alitheen","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2791-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2791-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tempeh is a widely known fermented soybean that contains elevated level of bioactive contents. Our previous study has shown that anaerobic fermented Nutrient Enriched Soybean Tempeh (NESTE) with increase amino acid and antioxidant levels possessed better hepatoprotective effect than raw soybean.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the NESTE aqueous extract and raw soybean aqueous extract (SBE) were evaluated by quantifying the inhibition of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) secretion in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cell in vitro. On the other hand, in vivo oral acute toxicity effect of the extract was tested on mice at the dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. In vivo oral analgesic effect of both aqueous extracts at 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight was evaluated by the hot plate test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the in vitro anti-inflammatory study, 5 mg/mL NESTE was able to inhibit 25.50 ± 2.20%, 35.88 ± 3.20% and 28.50 ± 3.50% of NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production in LPS treated RAW 264.7 cells without inducing cytotoxic effect on the cells. However, this effect was lower than 4 μg/mL of curcumin, which inhibited NO, IL-1β and TNF-α production by 89.50 ± 5.00%, 78.80 ± 6.20% and 87.30 ± 4.00%, respectively. In addition, 1.5 to 2.5-fold increase of latency period up to 120 min for mice in the hot plate test was achieved by 1000 mg/kg NESTE. The analgesic effect of NESTE was better than 400 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid, which only increased ~ 1.7-fold of latency period up to 90 min. Moreover, NESTE did not show acute toxicity (no LD₅₀) up to 5000 mg/kg body weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NESTE is a nutritious food ingredient with potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12906-019-2791-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37473738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol extract from Vernonia anthelmintica willd (L.) seed counteracts stress-induced murine hair follicle growth inhibition.","authors":"Qian Wang,&nbsp;Yongxin Wang,&nbsp;Silin Pang,&nbsp;Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Cai,&nbsp;Jing Shang","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2744-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2744-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) willd is a traditional urgur herb in China for a long history. Its alcohol extract (AVE) has been proved to promote hair follicle growth in C57BL/6 mice. We conducted this study to investigate the hair-growth effects of AVE in stressed mice and its possible mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hair-follicle growth effects of AVE were examined by in vivo and in vitro study. We exposed C57BL/6 male mice to chronic restraint stress to induce murine hair follicle growth inhibition. The effects of AVE were examined by histological analysis, immunofluorescence for Ki67 and cytokeratin 19 immunoreactivity, western blot assay in tyrosinase and related proteins expressions and immunofluorescence for nerve fibers. In organ culture of mouse vibrissae follicles, we used substance P as a catagen-inducing factor of hair follicle growth, and measured the elongation of hair shafts and expression of neurokinin-1 receptor protein by application of AVE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that AVE counteract murine hair follicle growth inhibition caused by chronic restraint stress via inducing the conversion of telogen to anagen and inhibiting catagen premature, increasing bulb keratinocytes and bulge stem cells proliferation, promoting melanogenesis, and reducing the numbers of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide nerve fibers. Furthermore, AVE also counteracted murine hair follicle growth inhibition caused by substance P in organ culture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that AVE counteract stress-induced hair follicle growth inhibition in C57BL/6 mice in vivo and in vitro, and may be an effective new candidate for treatment of stress-induced hair loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12906-019-2744-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37466421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective fraction of Bletilla striata reduces the inflammatory cytokine production induced by water and organic extracts of airborne fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in vitro.","authors":"Yu-Yao Zu, Quan-Fang Liu, Shu-Xin Tian, Li-Xia Jin, Fu-Sheng Jiang, Mei-Ya Li, Bing-Qi Zhu, Zhi-Shan Ding","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2790-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-019-2790-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bletilla striata is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat hemorrhage, scald, gastric ulcer, pulmonary diseases and inflammations. In this study, we investigated bioactivity of the effective fraction of B. striata (EFB) in reducing the inflammatory cytokine production induced by water or organic extracts of PM_2.5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PM_2.5 extracts were collected and analyzed by chromatographic system and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Cell viability was measured using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay, and cell supernatant was analyzed by flow cytometry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR in cultured mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 treated with EFB and PM_2.5 extracts. Expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were measured by Western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PM_2.5 composition is complex and the toxicity of PM_2.5 extracts were not noticeable. The treatment of EFB at a wide dose-range of 0-40 μg/mL did not cause significant change of RAW264.7 cell proliferation. EFB pretreatment decreased the inflammatory cytokines in the macrophage. Further analysis showed that EFB significantly attenuated PM_2.5-induced proinflammatory protein expression and downregulated the levels of phosphorylated NF-κBp65, inhibitor of kappa B (IκB)-α, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated the potential effectiveness of B. striata extracts for treating PM_2.5-triggered pulmonary inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6916096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37462192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of migraines with Tianshu capsule: a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Shengyuan Yu,&nbsp;Ye Ran,&nbsp;Wei Xiao,&nbsp;Wenjing Tang,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhao,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Huikui Zhuang,&nbsp;Cun Ouyang,&nbsp;Hai Lin,&nbsp;Dequan Liu,&nbsp;Tongjun Chen,&nbsp;Hui Huang,&nbsp;Baoshen Wang,&nbsp;Yanlei Hao,&nbsp;Zhongrui Yan,&nbsp;Shike Zhao,&nbsp;Yanling Wang,&nbsp;Jinjun Ni,&nbsp;Chaodong Wang,&nbsp;Wentao Ding,&nbsp;Guoqian Li,&nbsp;Jianhua Cao,&nbsp;Shujuan Tian","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2775-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2775-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tianshu capsule (TSC), a formula of traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in clinical practice for prophylactic treatment of headaches in China. However, former clinical trials of TSC were small, and lack of a standard set of diagnostic criteria to enroll patients. The study was conducted to re-evaluate the efficacy and safety of TSC post-marketing in an extending number of migraineurs who have diagnosed migraine with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version, ICHD-3β).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that conducted at 20 clinical centers in China. At enrollment, patients between 18 and 65 years of age diagnosed with migraine were assigned to receive either TSC (4.08 g, three times daily) or a matched placebo according to a randomization protocol. The primary endpoint was a relative reduction of 50% or more in the frequency of headache attacks. The secondary outcomes included a reduction in the incidence of headache, the visual analogue scale of headache attacks, days of acute analgesic usage, and percentage of patients with a decrease of 50% or more in headache severity. Accompanying symptoms were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One thousand migraine patients were initially enrolled in the study, and 919 of them completed the trial. Following the 12-week treatment, significant improvement was observed in the TSC group concerning both primary and secondary outcomes. After therapy discontinuation, the gap between the TSC group and the placebo group in efficacy outcomes continued to increase. There were no severe adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TSC is an effective, well-tolerated medicine for prophylactic treatment of migraine, and still have prophylactic effect after medicine discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02035111; Data of registration: 2014-01-10.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12906-019-2775-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37462012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canscora lucidissima, a Chinese folk medicine, exerts anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in LPS-activated macrophages.","authors":"Qiao-Ling Fei,&nbsp;Xiao-Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Rui-Juan Qi,&nbsp;Yun-Feng Huang,&nbsp;Yi-Xin Han,&nbsp;Xi-Meng Li,&nbsp;Run-Lan Cai,&nbsp;Yuan Gao,&nbsp;Yun Qi","doi":"10.1186/s12906-019-2783-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2783-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canscora lucidissima (Levl. & Vaniot) Hand.-Mazz. (C. lucidissima), mainly distributed in southern China, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect is not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ethanol extract of C. lucidissima (Cl-EE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory models. ELISA, real-time PCR, Western blot and luciferase reporter assay were used for the experiments in vitro, and ICR mouse endotoxemia model was used for in vivo test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data showed that Cl-EE reduced the production of NO by down-regulating the mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Meanwhile, it potently decreased other proinflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and IL-1β at the transcriptional and translational levels. Further study indicated that Cl-EE did not affect NF-κB signaling pathway but significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, rather than JNK or p38. In a LPS-induced endotoxemia mouse model, a single intraperitoneal injection of Cl-EE (75-300 mg/kg) could lower circulatory TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, our results indicated that Cl-EE suppressed the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 thus reducing the transcription and translation of inflammatory genes, thereby exerted anti-inflammatory activity. This study reveals the anti-inflammatory mechanism of C. lucidissima and may provide an effective treatment option for a variety of inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9132,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12906-019-2783-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37462198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}