BMC Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Emodin protects against severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signal and inhibiting ferroptosis in vivo and in vitro.","authors":"Gang Shen, Haiyun Wen, Huijuan Li, Xuetao Zhang, Bowen Lan, Xuanchi Dong, Peng Ge, Yalan Luo, Hailong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03660-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03660-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) has high morbidity, a complicated and dangerous course, and many complications, including severe pulmonary complications. SAP-associated acute lung injury (SAP-ALI) is still a significant challenge for surgeons because of its high mortality. Therefore, more effective treatment methods are urgently needed. Emodin (EMO) has shown tremendous potential in treating many refractory diseases. However, its protection mechanism in SAP-ALI needs to be further clarified. This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of EMO against lung injury in SAP rats and alveolar epithelial cells, with a particular focus on the classical ferroptosis pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an in vivo study, forty SD rats were evenly split into five groups: sham operation (SO) group, the biliopancreatic duct was retrogradely injected with 5% sodium taurocholate (STC) to create the SAP group, SAP + EMO group was administered EMO via gavage to the rats following the modeling, SAP + ML385 group (a given inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)), SAP + ML385 + EMO group. In an in vitro study, alveolar epithelial A549 cell lines were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with EMO. ML385 was also used to inhibit the expression of Nrf2. Pancreatic and lung tissue damage was evaluated using histological examination and molecular experiments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Fe²⁺, and associated oxidative stress indicators in the serum and cell supernatant. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence were used to find the expressions of related mRNAs and proteins in the lung tissue or A549 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings demonstrated that suppressing Nrf2 expression exacerbated the inflammatory response brought on by SAP and the pathological alterations of SAP-ALI. Emodin treatment reversed this pathological change by activating the Nrf2/Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signal path. Moreover, these results also showed that EMO, contrary to the effects of ML385, suppressed the ferroptosis response, which manifested as up-regulated glutathione (GSH) and GPX4 levels in vivo and in vitro and down-regulated malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Fe²⁺, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrated that EMO effectively inhibited ferroptosis both in vivo and in vitro, while also modulating the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway to provide protection against SAP-ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori CagA+ strains modulate colorectal pathology by regulating intestinal flora.","authors":"Shasha Cui, Xinqiang Liu, Fengxia Han, Lu Zhang, Jingjing Bu, Sainan Wu, Jiafen Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03631-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03631-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article aims to investigate the role of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) CagA+ strains affected colorectal lesion via gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>6-week C57BL/6J mice were divided into: (a) HP CagA+ group undergoing HP CagA+ strains administration by gavage at 0.2 mL for 10 days; (b) HP CagA- group undergoing HP CagA- strains administration by gavage at 0.2 mL for 10 days; (c) control group intragastrically given 0.2 mL of brian heart infusion (BHI) medium for 10 days. Gastric mucosa was collected for Giemsa staining, and colorectal mucosa was for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and immunohistochemistry for Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Colon tissues and serum from caudal vein was collected for quantification of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mice with HP CagA+ infection developed loss of some resident cells and inflammation infiltration in colorectal mucosa, and increased Giemsa-positive cells in gastric tissue. Also, MHC II-positive cells were increased in colorectal tissue in HP CagA+ strains infection. HP CagA+ infection cause increase of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the serum. Meanwhile, HP CagA+ stainis evoked gut microbiota dysbiosis which was characterized by altered microbiome distribution, reduction in Front-to-Back (F/B ratio), decreased α-diversity metric (Chao1 and Shannon). In β-diversity, gut microbiota in control and HP CagA+ groups showed the significant distance based on UniFrac distance. Cag group was enriched a higher abundance of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium, while control subjects were enriched in Marinifilaceae and Odoribacter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HP CagA+ strains are capable of causing gut microbiota dysbiosis to develop destruction of intestinal barrier, and it may affect the development of colorectal cancer by increasing colonization of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stent as a bridge to surgery for malignant colonic obstruction: a retrospective study on survival and outcomes.","authors":"Thanawin Wong, Tanawat Pattarapuntakul, Nisa Netinatsunton, Jaksin Sottisuporn, Thanapon Yaowmaneerat, Wongsakorn Chaochankit, Siriboon Attasaranya, Pimsiri Sripongpun, Naichaya Chamroonkul, Viraksakdi Chongsuvivatwong","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03654-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03654-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In cases of malignant colonic obstruction (MCO), self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) are used as a bridge to surgery, offering an alternative to emergency surgery. However, the long-term oncologic outcomes remain debated, particularly in developing countries where the cost of SEMS is a concern. This study aimed to evaluate overall survival (OS) and outcomes associated with SEMS as a bridge to surgery (SBTS) compared to direct emergency surgery (ES) in patients with acute MCO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted, including patients with potentially curable obstructed colon cancer who were treated with either SBTS or ES at a university hospital in Thailand from 2015 to 2022. We compared OS, 5-year OS rate, disease-free survival (DFS), postoperative morbidity, and complications between the SBTS and the ES groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 patients were eligible, 29 underwent SBTS, and 77 underwent ES. Baseline characteristics were similar except for ASA classification and chemotherapy rates. The median OS was 56.1 months, with no significant differences in OS (51.4 vs. 61.0 months, p = 0.67) or 5-year DFS (53.8% vs. 59.9%, p = 0.32) between the two groups. The SBTS group had higher rates of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (65.5% vs. 16.9%, p < 0.001) and shorter postoperative stays (POS) (7 vs. 9 days, p = 0.026). Stage IV cancer and low serum albumin were poor prognostic factors for OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEMS placement as a bridge to surgery had no significant impact on OS compared to ES, but it was associated with shorter hospital stays and higher rates of MIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the cholesterol gallstone model in C57BL/6 mice and evaluation of Lactobacillus intervention effects.","authors":"Cong Wang, Ting Jiang, Lvwang Ye, Mengyan Du, Fang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03653-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03653-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gallstone disease is a common and complex condition, strongly associated with abnormal cholesterol metabolism, changes in bile composition, and impaired gallbladder motility. Recent studies have suggested that the gut microbiota, particularly probiotics like lactic acid bacteria, may play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of cholesterol gallstones. This study aims to optimize the cholesterol gallstone model in C57BL/6 mice and evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus intervention on gallstone formation induced by a high-fat diet. In this study, 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: a high-fat diet + saline group (HF-S), a high-fat diet + probiotic group (HF-P), a normal diet + saline group (ND-S), and a normal diet + probiotic group (ND-P), to assess the effect of probiotics on gallstone formation. The results showed significant differences among the four groups in body weight gain, liver weight, gallstone formation, and histopathology. Based on these preliminary findings, we added two more experimental groups: a 2-week probiotic pretreatment + high-fat diet group (Pre2w-HF) and a 4-week probiotic pretreatment + high-fat diet group (Pre4w-HF), to further investigate the dose-dependence and efficacy of probiotic pretreatment. The results indicated that probiotic intervention significantly reduced the incidence and severity of gallstones induced by a high-fat diet, with the pretreatment groups showing more pronounced effects. Histological analysis also revealed that probiotic intervention reduced inflammation and pathological changes in the liver and gallbladder. This study suggests that probiotics have potential therapeutic value in the prevention and treatment of cholesterol gallstones. Future research should explore the effects of different strains and doses, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen turnover biomarkers to predict outcome of patients with biliary cancer.","authors":"Leonard Kaps, Muhammed A Genc, Markus Moehler, Stephan Grabbe, Jörn M Schattenberg, Detlef Schuppan, Rasmus Sund Pedersen, Morten A Karsdal, Philipp Mildenberger, Annett Maderer, Nicholas Willumsen","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03645-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03645-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The collagen-rich tumor stroma plays a crucial role in biliary tract cancer (BTC). Collagen biomarkers of type I collagen (reC1M), type III collagen (PRO-C3), type IV collagen (C4G), type VIII collagen (PRO-C8), type XI collagen (PRO-C11), type XVII collagen (PRO-C17) and type VIII collagen (TUM) may be used as potential non-invasive biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured the seven biomarkers of collagen turnover in sera of 72 patients with BTC at baseline and after first and second chemotherapy cycle (CTX). Markers were also assessed in sera of 50 healthy controls and compared to levels of patients at baseline. The diagnostic and prognostic value of the markers was evaluated for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients had a median age of 65 years (IQR 57-70), while healthy controls were younger, with a median age of 46 years (IQR 38-54). The majority of patients (62%) were diagnosed with intrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma. Except C4G, all collagen turnover markers were significantly (p < 0.001) increased in serum from patients with BTC compared to healthy controls. PRO-C3 was the best marker to discriminate between patients with BTC and controls, reaching an area under a receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.95; 0.99) with a sensitivity (92%) and specificity (94%) balanced cutoff of 77.3 ng/ml. Patients with high levels (cohort separated by median split) of PRO-C8 (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.42; 5.73) followed by C3M (HR 2.33, 95% CI 1.2; 4.5), PRO-C3 (HR 3.09, 95% CI 1.5; 6.36) and CA 19-9 (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.37; 4.64) as reference biomarker had a shorter OS. Notably, only the novel marker PRO-C8 was also predictive of PFS (HR 3.26, 95% CI 1.53; 6.95). Associations with survival outcomes remained significant after adjusting for relevant risk factors (CA 19-9 and CEA at baseline, age, presence of metastases, weight, height and gender).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The collagen turnover markers PRO-C8, C3M, PRO-C3 and the established biomarker CA 19-9 were prognostic for OS in patients with BTC while only PRO-C8 was also predictive for PFS. PRO-C3 showed the best diagnostic performance to discriminate between patients with BTC and controls.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Trial registration number and date of registration NCT00661830 (NCT number) 15 April 2008 Trial registry The complete registry can found under: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00661830?tab=table#administrative-information (last accessed 01/2025) Principal investigator and study sponsor Markus Moehler, MD Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic investigation and the optimal dose based on baicalin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis-A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jinchen Chong, Zepeng Chen, Jiaze Ma, Linhai He, Yijia Zhu, Zhihua Lu, Zhengxi Qiu, Chen Chen, Yugen Chen, Feng Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03629-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03629-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, and current treatments often fall short, necessitating new therapeutic options. Baicalin shows therapeutic promise in UC animal models, but a systematic review is needed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Science Direct, up to March 2024, identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining baicalin's impact on UC in animal models. Seventeen studies were selected through manual screening. Meta-analyses and subgroup analyses utilized Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software to assess symptom improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1304 citations, 17 were analyzed. Baicalin significantly modulated various biomarkers: HCS (SMD = -3.91), DAI (MD = -2.75), spleen index (MD = -12.76), MDA (SMD = -3.88), IL-6 (SMD = -10.59), IL-1β (SMD = -3.98), TNF-α (SMD = -8.05), NF-κB (SMD = -5.46), TLR4 (MD = -0.38), RORγ (MD = -0.89), MCP-1 (MD = -153.25), MPO (SMD = -7.34), Caspase-9 (MD = -0.93), Caspase-3 (MD = -0.45), FasL (MD = -1.20)) and enhanced BWC (MD = 0.06), CL (MD = 1.39), ZO-1 (MD = 0.44), SOD (SMD = 3.04), IL-10 mRNA (MD = 3.14), and FOXP3 (MD = 0.45) levels. Baicalin's actions may involve the PI3K/AKT, TLR4/NF-κB, IKK/IKB, Bcl-2/Bax, Th17/Treg, and TLRs/MyD88 pathways. Optimal therapeutic outcomes were predicted at dosages of 60-150 mg/kg over 10-14 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baicalin demonstrates a multifaceted therapeutic potential in UC, attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and intestinal barrier repair properties. While higher doses and longer treatments appear beneficial, further research, particularly human clinical trials, is necessary to verify its effectiveness and safety in people.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver cancer risk and changes in lifestyle habits after successful hepatitis C virus therapy post-DAA HCV therapy: lifestyle changes and liver cancer risk.","authors":"Núria Granel, Gemma Iserte, Concepció Bartres, Neus Llarch, Anna Pla, Víctor Sapena, Zoe Mariño, Sabela Lens, Ramón Vilana, Isabel Nuñez, Anna Darnell, Ernest Belmonte, Ángeles García-Criado, Alba Díaz, Marco Sanduzzi-Zamparelli, Carla Fuster, Sergio Muñoz-Martínez, Carmen Ayuso, Jordi Rimola, Alejandro Forner, Alexandre Soler, Ferran Torres, José Ríos, Jordi Bruix, Andrew M Moon, Xavier Forns, María Reig","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03611-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03611-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The eradication of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) reduce the risk of liver cancer (LC), but lifestyle changes after cure may counterbalance its benefit. Our study investigates lifestyle changes that occur in HCV patients with Sustained Virological Response (SVR) after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, single-center study, HCV patients with advanced liver disease (F3/F4) treated and cured with DAA were invited to fill a lifestyle habits questionnaire in and perform abdominal ultrasound (US), blood extraction and anthropometric measurements within the 1st month after SVR and every 6 months thereafter until 48 months of follow-up, LC development, death, or loss to follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This prospective cohort included 182 patients with SVR after DAA in this first analysis through the 4 years of follow-up. At the time of SVR, 65.9% had cirrhosis, median BMI was 27.1 kg/m², 74.2% were overweight or obese and 6.6% had an US with hepatic steatosis. Within a year of SVR, 9% of males and 4% of females progressed from normal weight to overweight/obesity and 19.4% increased alcohol consumption. At 48 months, there were statistically significant increases in BMI (0.75, p = 0.001) and alcohol consumption (6.4% p = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this prospective cohort, successful HCV therapy was followed by significant changes in lifestyle habits translating into increases in BMI and alcohol consumption. These post-SVR changes raise concerns that the chemopreventive benefits of HCV cure may be counterbalanced by increased risks of liver disease progression and LC development from metabolic risk factors and alcohol use. Post-SVR, patients may benefit from intensive counseling and pharmacotherapy to address obesity and alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Trial registration/ clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary phytochemical index and the risk of gallstone disease: a case-control study.","authors":"Mohammad Abdulmohsin Jebur, Ghufran Lutfi Ismaeel, Haitham Mukhklif Salim, Ammar Hussein Ahmed, Israa Habeeb Naser","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03622-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03622-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDSː: Dietary phytochemical index (DPI) is an inexpensive method for estimating the amounts of phytochemicals in foods. No study has investigated the association between DPI and gallstones disease (GSD). Therefore, we conducted a case-control study in adults to assess the relationship between DPI and the risk of gallstones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the general surgical consultation departments of two major multispecialty hospitals in Baghdad: Al-Yarmook and Al Karama Teaching Hospitals. It involved 250 patients with gallstones and 250 controls. DPI was calculated based on data collected from a 168-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic data, physical activity, and anthropometric measures were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the initial analysis, the highest tertile of total PI compared to the lowest tertile was found to be associated with a lower risk of galleston (OR and 95% CI = 0.61 (0.41-0.93), p for trend = 0.027). This significant association remained even after adjusting for age and sex, and the odds ratio slightly strengthened. In the final adjusted model, which accounted for additional confounders such as physical activity, BMI, smoking, socioeconomic status (SES), and dietary intake of energy, participants in the highest tertile of total PI still had a lower risk of gallston compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR and 95% CI = 0.51 (0.28-0.90), p for trend = 0.031.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found evidence of a negative relationship between the dietary phytochemical index and the risk of gallstones, even after accounting for potential confounding variables. As a result, it may be advisable to include more phytochemical-rich foods in dietary approaches aimed at preventing gallstones. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the link between the dietary phytochemical index and gallstone.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative proteomic studies of the intestinal mucosa provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Yandong Guo, Dahal Pabitra, Lei Pan, Lanbo Gong, Aimin Li, Side Liu, Jing Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03647-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03647-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiation between ulcerative colitis (UC) and other intestinal inflammatory diseases is difficult, and the precise etiology of UC is poorly understood. Thus, there is a need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for UC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intestinal mucosal biopsy tissue specimens of inflamed (ulcerative colitis-inflamed, UC-I) and non-inflamed (ulcerative colitis-noninflamed, UC-N) tissue were obtained simultaneously during colonoscopy from newly diagnosed UC patients prior to any treatments. Label-free liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) quantitative proteomics was used to detect proteomic differences between UC-I, UC-N, and normal control subjects (n = 5). Proteins with a fold-change > 1.5 and P < 0.05 between groups were considered to be differentially expressed (DEPs). Candidate biomarkers were further verified in 8 patients of each group by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) (a prospective cohort, n = 8). Expression of TXNDC5 was quantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,788 proteins were identified. Multiple upregulated pathways, including leukocyte trans-endothelial migration and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity, were identified. Network analysis showed that proteins were involved in 4 pathways in UC-I and 3 pathways in UC-N tissues, and participated in protein-protein interactions. Increased expression of 9 DEPs, including TXNDC5, EPX, and ITGAM were detected in UC patients compared to normal control subjects. Subsequent verification of the 9 DEPs by PRM confirmed the reliability of the mass spectrometry data. TXNDC5 expression was significantly increased in UC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pathways, networks, and proteins identified in this study may provide new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of UC. Further studies are required to determine if the proteins identified may help in the diagnosis and treatment of UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which scoring systems are useful for predicting the prognosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding? Old and new.","authors":"Ku Bean Jeong, Hee Seok Moon, Kyung Ryun In, Sun Hyung Kang, Jae Kyu Sung, Hyun Yong Jeong","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03638-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03638-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of lower gastrointestinal bleeding is on the rise, prompting the creation of various scoring systems to forecast patient's outcomes. But there is no single unified scoring system and these scoring systems clinical data are small and not worldwide.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate how different scoring systems predict mortality and prolonged hospital stay (≥ 10 days).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of 4417 patients who presented with hematochezia at the emergency department from January 2016 to December 2022. We evaluated the predictive accuracy of various scoring systems for 30-day mortality and prolonged hospital stay (≥ 10 days) by analyzing the areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves, taking into account factors such as patient age, laboratory findings, and comorbidities (ABC); AIMS 65; Glasgow-Blatchford; Oakland; Rockall(pre-endoscopy); SHA₂PE; and CHAMPS scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed data from 1000 patients (mean age 66 years, 56.1% men, mean hospital stay 9.4 days) with lower gastrointestinal bleeding confirmed by any other means including DRE, colonoscopy and CT. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.7%. The primary etiologies of lower gastrointestinal bleeding were identified as ischemic colitis and diverticular bleeding, accounting for 18.8% and 18.5% of cases, respectively. In terms of forecasting 30-day mortality, the AIMS 65, CHAMPS, and ABC scoring systems demonstrated superior performance (p < 0.001). For predicting prolonged hospital stay, the SHA2PE score exhibited the highest accuracy among all evaluated systems (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly developed scoring systems demonstrated superior accuracy in forecasting outcomes for patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and the results of this study demonstrate that these scoring systems can be applied in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}