BMC Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiaoying Ji, Guoping Wang, Dandan Pan, Shanxia Xu, Xinming Lei","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03754-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03754-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, has shown potential for treating advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. This meta-analysis evaluates its efficacy and safety, alone or combined with chemotherapy, in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science were searched up to October 31, 2024. Twelve studies comprising 4,069 patients were included. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); secondary outcomes included objective response rate (ORR), adverse events (AEs), and grade ≥ 3 AEs. Effect sizes were calculated using mean differences (MDs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy significantly improved OS (MD = 1.92 months; 95% CI: 0.94 to 2.91) and ORR (MD = 11.05%; 95% CI: 6.29 to 15.82) compared to chemotherapy alone. Pembrolizumab monotherapy did not show a significant effect on OS (MD = 0.24 months; 95% CI: -1.15 to 1.63) and was associated with a significant reduction in PFS (MD = -2.28 months; 95% CI: -2.85 to -1.71) compared to chemotherapy alone. For safety, pembrolizumab monotherapy significantly reduced the risk of AEs (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.81) and grade ≥ 3 AEs (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.51) compared to chemotherapy. Pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy did not significantly alter the risk of AEs (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.13) or grade ≥ 3 AEs (OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.27) compared to chemotherapy alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy improves survival and response rates with a manageable safety profile in advanced gastric and GEJ cancers. Monotherapy shows limited efficacy, highlighting the need for combination strategies and patient selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective randomized study of the efficacy of continuous active warming in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy.","authors":"Mengjia Luo, Yanran Dai, Xiangying Feng, Yujie Wang, Xin Guo, Juan Du, Gang Ji, Hongjuan Lang","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03729-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03729-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The RCT study on the efficacy of continuous active warming (CAW) in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy is scarce. The purpose of this research was to determine if a significant difference between continuous active warming (CAW) and active warming when body temperature is below 36 °C (BAW) in terms of incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and clinical rehabilitation in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, randomized and controlled trial with a sample of 62 patients who underwent elective total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy was conducted. Patients assigned to CAW group were warmed immediately since the surgical incision procedure, the others were warmed while the body bladder temperature dropped to 36 °C. The bladder temperature of the patient was recorded every 30 min during the operation. One-way ANOVA and ANOVA with repeated measures were used for comparisons between multiple groups, independent samples t-test for pair-wise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included a total of 62 patients, with 31 in each group. Among them, there were 52 males and 10 females, with an age range of 39 to 83 years. The mean age in the CAW group was (62.52 ± 8.15) years, and in the BAW group, it was (62.74 ± 9.20) years. The overall incidence of hypothermia was 16.13% in 62 patients who underwent elective total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. The incidence of shivering and agitation after operation was both 3.23% in CAW group, and it was 32.26% and 29.03% in BAW group. Time from end of surgery to tracheal extubation in CAW group was significantly lower than BAW group. In addition, continuous active warming could shorten time to first postoperative flatus of patients and relieve postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that continuous active warming in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy decreased the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and contributed to postoperative rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>It was permitted by the Ethics Committee of Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, China. No. KY20212024-C-1 25/01/2021 and was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (11/02/2025) ( www.chictr.org.cn ; registration number: ChiCTR2500097060).</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with lymph node metastasis and survival in T2 colon cancer.","authors":"Shaojun Liu, Lei Hu, Xubing Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03748-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03748-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the clinical factors associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and survival in T2 colon cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients with T2 colon cancer and receiving radical surgery from 2017 to 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the LN status (LNM, non-LNM). The demographic, radiological, pathological, and survival data were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to find the factors associated with LNM, and cox regression was adopted to identify factors contributing to poor survival. All the data analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0 and R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 150 patients were included in this study, among them thirty were with LNM (20%). The LNM group had significantly higher incidence of lymph-vascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion. Besides, positive LNs had more proportion of irregular margin (P < 0.001) and heterogeneity (P < 0.001) than the negative ones. The multivariate analysis indicated that LVI and heterogeneity of LN were independent risk factors of LNM in T2 colon cancer. The disease-free survival (DFS) was 80% and 93.3% in the LNM and non-LNM group (P = 0.02), respectively. Besides, the overall survival (OS) was 92.9% and 95% in the LNM and non-LNM group (P = 0.103), respectively. The results indicated that elevated CA199 value and LNM were independent risk factors contributing to poorer OS and DFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current data indicated LVI and LN heterogeneity were independent risk factors of LNM in T2 colon cancer. More extended surgery should be considered when these factors were detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated sdLDL-C as a biomarker of hepatic steatosis severity in MASLD: a retrospective study.","authors":"Shuo Jiang, Fan Zhang, Hui Yang, Xue Han, Jieru Mao, Guojun Zheng, Yan Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03759-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03759-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. However, there is a lack of cost-effective and accurate biomarkers to assess the degree of hepatic steatosis. Estimated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (EsdLDL-C), a calculated value derived from triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, has emerged as a potential indicator. This study aimed to explore the relationship between EsdLDL-C and the severity of hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study estimated and directly measured small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) in 1,969 patients who underwent serum lipid testing at Changzhou Third People's Hospital between January and July 2024. Among these, 461 patients diagnosed with MASLD were included in the study. These patients were further classified into mild (Mil) and moderate-to-severe (Mod-Sev) groups based on controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values to explore the relationship between EsdLDL-C and the severity of hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The correlation coefficient (R) between EsdLDL-C and DsdLDL-C was 0.837, with a bias of 0.223. Both EsdLDL-C (OR 1.095, 95% CI 1.029-1.180) and visceral fat area (VFA) (OR 1.019, 95% CI 1.010-1.028) were identified as independent risk factors for Mod-Sev steatosis compared to the Mil group. After adjusting for all confounders, patients with MASLD had a 1.155-fold increased risk of developing Mod-Sev hepatic steatosis for each unit increase in EsdLDL-C. Furthermore, EsdLDL-C demonstrated good predictive value for Mod-Sev steatosis in MASLD patients, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.825 (95% CI 0.784-0.867).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EsdLDL-C may serve as a practical and cost-effective biomarker for identifying high-risk MASLD patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Changzhou Third People's Hospital (02 A-A20230015), and a waiver of informed consent was agreed to, as the data were obtained from medical records, and a waiver of informed consent would not have affected the participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical value of systemic immunoinflammatory index in predicting recurrence and metastasis in patients with primary liver cancer.","authors":"Yang Deng, Zhili Chen, Qiufeng He, Bei Wu, Ting Su, Chuangjie Mao, Rong Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03749-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03749-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary liver cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm with high incidence and mortality. Due to the high ability to metastasis, the 5-year survival rate of patients with primary liver cancer is poor.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinical value of systemic immunoinflammatory index (SII) in predicting recurrence and metastasis after interventional therapy in patients with primary liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total 186 patients with primary liver cancer were included and underwent Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and followed up for 3 years. Then, patients were divided into 110 cases in the recurrent metastasis group and 76 cases in the non-recurrent metastasis group according to presence or absence of recurrence and metastasis. Baseline data, SII and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were compared. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to analyze factors affecting recurrence and metastasis. ROC curve was used to analyze SII and AFP levels in predicting recurrence and metastasis after interventional therapy in patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate the survival of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SII index and AFP levels in the recurrence and metastasis group were higher than those in the non-recurrence and metastasis group (P < 0.001). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis confirmed tumor size ≥ 5 cm, presence of vascular tumor thrombus, presence of vascular invasion, no tumor capsule, SII index, AFP Levels were closely related to the recurrence and metastasis of patients with primary liver cancer (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that AUC of SII and AFP predicted recurrence and metastasis after intervention were 0.797 and 0.839, respectively, and the jointed AUC was 0.910. After a 3-years of follow-up, the overall survival rate of the 186 patients was 45.70% (85/186). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that patients with high SII levels had shorter survival time than that of patients with low SII levels (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative SII was closely associated with early recurrence and metastasis, and combined with AFP may have higher value in predicting recurrence and metastasis after interventional therapy in patients with primary liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological age prediction and NAFLD risk assessment: a machine learning model based on a multicenter population in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.","authors":"Lianrui Deng, Jing Huang, Hang Yuan, Qiangdong Liu, Weiming Lou, Pengfei Yu, Xiaohong Xie, Xuyu Chen, Yang Yang, Li Song, Libin Deng","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03752-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03752-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective was to develop a biological age prediction model (NC-BA) for the Chinese population to enrich the relevant studies in this population. And to investigate the association between accelerated age and NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On the basis of the physical examination data of people without noninfectious chronic diseases (PWNCDs) in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, the biological age measurement method was developed via three feature selection methods (all-subset regression, LASSO regression (LR), and recursive feature elimination) and three machine learning algorithms (generalized linear model (GLM), support vector machine, and deep generalized linear model (deep GLM)). Model performance was evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R²) and mean absolute error (MAE). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were used to verify the model's generalizability. The standardized age deviation (SAD) was calculated to explore the associations between age acceleration and the risk of morbidity and mortality from NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The physical examination data of 26,356 PWNCDs were collected in Nanchang. Among the 26 biomarkers, 26 and 24 biomarkers were associated with chronological age in the male and female groups, respectively (P < 0.05). The model combining the LR and deep GLM algorithms provided the most accurate measurement of chronological age (r = 0.58, MAE = 5.33) and was named the Nanchang-biological age (NC-BA) model. The generalizability of the NC-BA model was verified in the NHANES dataset (r = 0.57, MAE = 7.12). There was a significant correlation between NC-BA and existing biological age indicators (Klemera-Doubal method biological age (KDM-BA), PhenoAge, and homeostatic dysregulation (HD), r = 0.42-0.66, P < 0.05). The physical examination data of 1,663 and 1,445 patients with NAFLD from the Nanchang population and NHANES, respectively, were obtained. The SAD values of NAFLD patients were significantly greater than those of PWNCDs (P < 0.001). The SAD values of NAFLD patients with younger chronological ages were greater (P < 0.001). Higher SAD values were associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.73, P = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a new model for biological age measurement in the Chinese population. There is a clear link between NAFLD and age acceleration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colitis can reduce the cingulate cortex neuronal density in rats.","authors":"Fazel Isapanah Amlashi, Sima Besharat, Mehrdad Jahanshahi, Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski, Fatemeh Nassaj Torshizi","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03745-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03745-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) can be related to central nervous system (CNS) changes, particularly in the pain pathways. The objective of this study was to examine the neuronal density of the cingulate cortex area (CC) and amygdala in an animal model of colitis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this experiment, 13 male Wistar rats were subjected to study. Colitis was induced in the rats by transrectally administering 1 cc of acetic acid 3% under sedation with xylazine 10% (5 mg/kg). After 14 days of colitis, the rats were euthanized under high doses of anesthesia with ketamine (50 mg/kg), xylazine (10 mg/kg), and diazepam (2.5 mg/kg). Their brains were then removed surgically. Six-micrometer-thick brain slices were stained with cresyl violet, and the neuronal density of the amygdala, area 1 of the cingulate cortex area (CC1), and area 2 of the cingulate cortex area (CC2) was assessed via microscopic imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the neuronal density in CC1 was significantly decreased in rats with colitis compared to the control group in both the right CC1 (43.53 ± 9.63 vs. 62.7 ± 11.89; p-value ˂ 0.001), and left CC1 (41.19 ± 9.05 and 63.1 ± 7.44; p-value ˂ 0.001). Additionally, the neuronal density of CC2 in the colitis group was found to be significantly lower than that of the controls in both the right CC2 (57.8 ± 13.23 vs. 87.95 ± 8.76; p-value ˂ 0.001), and left CC2 (55.42 ± 11.3 vs. 98 ± 8.99; p-value ˂ 0.001). Furthermore, the amygdala had a lower neuronal density in both hemispheres in rats with colitis in comparison to the controls bilaterally: right hemisphere (24.51 ± 5.49 and 36.3 ± 7.44; p-value = 0.360), and left hemisphere (24.52 ± 5.53 VS. 35.25 ± 5.6; P-value = 0.869).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that colitis can reduce the neuronal density within cortical areas and amygdala of both hemispheres. Considering the cingulate cortex's role in suppressing pain perception, any harm inflicted upon this region of the brain can has the ability to impact the cognitive and sensory aspects of pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One in three adenomas could be missed by white-light colonoscopy - findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Beate Jahn, Marvin Bundo, Marjan Arvandi, Monika Schaffner, Jovan Todorovic, Gaby Sroczynski, Amy Knudsen, Timo Fischer, Irmgard Schiller-Fruehwirth, Dietmar Öfner, Friedrich Renner, Michael Jonas, Igor Kuchin, Julia Kruse, Júlia Santamaria, Monika Ferlitsch, Uwe Siebert","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03679-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03679-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White light (conventional) colonoscopy (WLC) is widely used for colorectal cancer screening, diagnosis and surveillance but endoscopists may fail to detect adenomas. Our goal was to assess and synthesize overall and subgroup-specific adenoma miss rates (AMR) of WLC in daily practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and grey literature on studies evaluating diagnostic WLC accuracy in tandem studies with novel-colonoscopic technologies (NCT) in subjects undergoing screening, diagnostic or surveillance colonoscopy. Information on study design, AMR overall and specific for adenoma size, histology, location, morphology and further outcomes were extracted and reported in standardized evidence tables. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were performed to estimate pooled estimates for AMR with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and to explain heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 5,963 identified studies, we included sixteen studies with 4,101 individuals in our meta-analysis. One in three adenomas (34%; 95% CI: 30-38%) was missed by WLC in daily practice individuals. Subgroup analyses showed significant AMR differences by size (36%, adenomas 1-5 mm; 27%, adenomas 6-9 mm; 12%, adenomas ≥ 10 mm), histology (non-advanced: 42%, advanced: 21%), morphology (flat: 50%, polypoid: 27%), but not by location (distal: 36%, proximal: 36%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on our meta-analysis, one in three adenomas could be missed by WLC. This may significantly contribute to interval cancers. Our results should be considered in health technology assessment when interpreting sensitivity of fecal occult blood or other screening tests derived from studies using WLC as \"gold standard\".</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KIF3C inhibits the progression and proliferation of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Maladho Tanta Diallo, Bangquan Chen, Qing Yao, Zhang Yan, Qiannan Sun, Daorong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12876-024-03489-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-024-03489-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence indicated that KIF3C, a member of the kinesin superfamily of motor proteins, exhibits significant upregulation across various cancer types. Consequently, its impact on cancer advancement, including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, is evident. Nonetheless, the comprehension of KIF3C's expression and role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the presence of KIF3C in CRC. The expression levels of KIF3C were assessed in CRC cells through western blot analysis (WB) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). KIF3C was knockdown and overexpressed using lentiviral vectors in the human CRC cell lines SW-480, HCT-116, and SW-620. In vitro experiments such as transwell assays, scratch wound healing, colony formation assays, counting cell CCK-8, and signaling pathway experiments were conducted to validate the KIF3C function in CRC cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated that KIF3C is highly expressed in cells and tissues of CRC, and this expression is closely associated with tumor prognosis. It was shown that KIF3C knockdown significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration in CRC cells. Additionally, the KIF3C signaling pathway experiment in this study promoted the CRC progression by upregulating the PI3K/AKT, Bax, and Bcl-2 pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KIF3C knockdown promoted CRC proliferation, as it could be a potential therapeutic target for treating CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-residue diet with oral nutritional supplements prior to colonoscopy improves the quality of bowel preparation: an endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Huilin Shen, Yijie Sun, Jin Qian, Jiaqi Wu, Xueqing Zhong, Guodong Li, Weimin Li","doi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03751-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12876-025-03751-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor bowel preparation has been a great problem of endoscopists for a long time. Low-residue diet (LRD) is often recommended on the day before colonoscopy. However, the quality of bowel preparation with LRD alone is suboptimal. The aim of our study was to examine whether patients who consumed LRD with oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) had higher quality of bowel preparation than patients who consumed LRD alone before colonoscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted in inpatients who scheduled for colonoscopy with sedation. Patients were randomized to the non-ONS group and the ONS group. The primary outcomes were the rates of adequate bowel preparation measured by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS) and the Colon Endoscopic Bubble Scale (CEBuS). The secondary outcomes were the adenoma detection rate (ADR), polyp detection rate (PDR), intubation time, withdrawal time and rates of adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both groups, 100 patients were analyzed. The rates of adequate bowel preparation measured by the BBPS and OBPS and PDR were significantly higher in the ONS group than in the non-ONS group (all P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the CEBuS scores, ADR, intubation time and rates of adverse events between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The withdrawal time was longer in the non-ONS group than the in the ONS group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LRD with ONSs helps increase the quality of bowel preparation. To help with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, further studies are warrant.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>[Chinese Clinical Trial Registry], [ChiCTR2400091660], [31/10/2024], [Retrospectively registered].</p>","PeriodicalId":9129,"journal":{"name":"BMC Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}