{"title":"The History of Robotics in Surgical Specialties.","authors":"J. Shah, A. Vyas, D. Vyas","doi":"10.1166/AJRS.2014.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/AJRS.2014.1006","url":null,"abstract":"A major positive step in the field of surgery was made when a robot was first used in the theater of surgery about 25 years ago. The robot was a PUMA 200 (Westinghouse Electric, Pittsburgh, PA) which was used for needle placement in a CT-guided brain biopsy1. Since then it has been exciting to see that the field of robotic surgery grow in leaps and bounds. Part of the reason for this is the plethora of benefits afforded by robotics that are simply absent in traditional surgical methods. For example, robots offer stability, accuracy, integration with modern imaging technology, greater range of motion, telesurgery, in addition to multiple other benefits inherent to individual surgical specialties2. Since the introduction of robotic surgery, many advances have been made in the field. In order to fully utilize the potential of the surgical robot it is important to understand the past in order to build towards the future. In order to understand the past, it is important to look at both the advances and achievements of robotic surgery in the various fields of surgery such as otolaryngological, neurosurgery, gynecological, cardiothoracic, gastric, urologic, orthopedic, endoscopy, and miniature after which the future developments that are on the horizon can be evaluated. This article will enumerate major milestones and will continue with limitations in subsequent articles.","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"119 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1166/AJRS.2014.1006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65009941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robotic Surgery: Applications.","authors":"Tiffany Leung, D. Vyas","doi":"10.1166/AJRS.2014.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/AJRS.2014.1004","url":null,"abstract":"In a relatively short amount of time, robots have made its way into both general and subspecialty surgical fields. The da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) has been around for over a decade now. The first da Vinci surgical system came out in 1999 and was FDA approved in 2000. In 2003, a fourth robotic arm was added. The da Vinci S model came out in 2006 and offered improved robotic arm movements, console displays, and simpler set up. As of 2009, the latest model called da Vinci Si, now offers dual consoles so two individuals can collaborate simultaneously. Controls, vision, and ergonomics have been improved as well.","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"1 1 1","pages":"1-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65009825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Status of Single-Site Robotic Cholecystectomy, its feasibility, economic and overall impact.","authors":"D. Vyas, Cara Weiner, A. Vyas","doi":"10.1166/AJRS.2014.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/AJRS.2014.1007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews recent, though limited, articles on the topic of robotic single-site cholecystectomy (RSSC), a relatively new approach that is rapidly advancing in both research and clinical application. Laparoscopy has typically been the standard method of performing a cholecystectomy, but recent medical advances have led to usage of the da Vinci® Surgical System robot technology to assist in performing the procedure. Several studies have compared outcomes of the RSSC to single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomies and to the traditional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Single port advocates think it as a tool with better cosmetic results and questionable less post-operative pain; however, single port also limits the maneuverability of the instrument arms, making some tasks more difficult, bigger single incision, more chances of post operative hernia. Overall, the RSSC is considered as safe with no worse outcomes regarding pain, hospital stay length, operative time, and patient satisfaction when compared to other cholecystectomy methods. Future direction includes expanding use of the miniature instruments and further advanced tools to overcome manipulation and visualization limitations. Thus far, though, there may be enough evidence with these smaller studies to support lack of harm with more use of resources.","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"162 1","pages":"1-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65010636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robotics in Colonoscopy.","authors":"Dan Cater, Arpita Vyas, Dinesh Vyas","doi":"10.1166/ajrs.2014.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/ajrs.2014.1008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of mortality in men and women in the United States. While there is a definite advantage regarding the use of colonoscopies in screening, there is still a lack of widespread acceptance of colonoscopy use in the general public. This is evident by the fact that up to 75% of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer present with locally advanced disease. In order to make colonoscopy and in turn colorectal cancer screening a patient friendly and a comfortable test some changes in tool are necessary. The conventional colonoscope has not changed much since its development. There are several new advances in colorectal screening practices. One of the most promising new advances is the advent of robotic endoscopic techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4570490/pdf/nihms718628.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34080866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Status of Single-Site Robotic Cholecystectomy, its feasibility, economic and overall impact.","authors":"Dinesh Vyas, Cara Weiner, Arpita K Vyas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reviews recent, though limited, articles on the topic of robotic single-site cholecystectomy (RSSC), a relatively new approach that is rapidly advancing in both research and clinical application. Laparoscopy has typically been the standard method of performing a cholecystectomy, but recent medical advances have led to usage of the da Vinci<sup>®</sup> Surgical System robot technology to assist in performing the procedure. Several studies have compared outcomes of the RSSC to single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomies and to the traditional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Single port advocates think it as a tool with better cosmetic results and questionable less post-operative pain; however, single port also limits the maneuverability of the instrument arms, making some tasks more difficult, bigger single incision, more chances of post operative hernia. Overall, the RSSC is considered as safe with no worse outcomes regarding pain, hospital stay length, operative time, and patient satisfaction when compared to other cholecystectomy methods. Future direction includes expanding use of the miniature instruments and further advanced tools to overcome manipulation and visualization limitations. Thus far, though, there may be enough evidence with these smaller studies to support lack of harm with more use of resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4584411/pdf/nihms-723429.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34120393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanorobotic Applications in Medicine: Current Proposals and Designs.","authors":"Yamaan Saadeh, Dinesh Vyas","doi":"10.1166/ajrs.2014.1010","DOIUrl":"10.1166/ajrs.2014.1010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in technology have increased our ability to manipulate the world around us on an ever-decreasing scale. Nanotechnologies are rapidly emerging within the realm of medicine, and this subfield has been termed nanomedicine. Use of nanoparticle technology has become familiar and increasingly commonplace, especially with pharmaceutical technology. An exciting and promising area of nanotechnological development is the building of nanorobots, which are devices with components manufactured on the nanoscale. This area of study is replete with potential applications, many of which are currently being researched and developed. The goal of this paper is to give an introduction to the emerging field of nanorobotics within medicine, and provide a review of the emerging applications of nanorobotics to fields ranging from neurosurgery to dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":91050,"journal":{"name":"American journal of robotic surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"4-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562685/pdf/nihms711465.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34167323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}