Metabolism and target organ damage最新文献_第2页

Is liver fibrosis a risk factor for gynecological cancers? 肝纤维化是妇科癌症的风险因素吗？

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.56

A. Lonardo

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Marginal ulceration after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - literature review and management algorithm Roux-en-Y 胃旁路术后的边缘溃疡--文献综述和处理算法

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.33

Dustin Baldwin, Ahmed M. Ali, Maria S. Altieri, Eric J. DeMaria

{"title":"Marginal ulceration after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - literature review and management algorithm","authors":"Dustin Baldwin, Ahmed M. Ali, Maria S. Altieri, Eric J. DeMaria","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)-associated marginal ulceration (MU) poses significant challenges for both patients and clinicians. Persistent symptoms such as epigastric pain, nausea, and reduced oral intake complicate the clinical landscape. MU can lead to severe complications, including anastomotic strictures, bleeding, and perforations. The etiology of MU is intricate, likely stemming from a combination of technical and patient-related factors. Technical considerations involve ischemia, tension on the anastomosis causing tissue ischemia, anastomotic technique, gastric pouch size, foreign bodies, and gastrogastric fistulas. Patient factors encompass smoking, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and uncontrolled medical comorbidities. Diagnosis primarily relies on upper endoscopy. Initial treatment typically involves proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and sucralfate. Should these measures prove insufficient, the addition of misoprostol and the implementation of endoscopic techniques, such as oversewing or stenting across the ulcer, may be considered to facilitate healing. Ultimately, if medical and endoscopic interventions fail, surgical options become imperative. These include transthoracic truncal vagotomy and revisional procedures such as resection of the ulcer with redo gastrojejunal anastomosis, resection of the ulcer and pouch with esophagojejunal anastomosis, or resection and reversal to normal anatomy. Surgical interventions demand expertise and should be conducted at qualified, high-volume centers. To support clinicians in comprehending the nuances of MU, we conducted a literature review, presenting a summary of our findings. Additionally, we propose an algorithm delineating the escalation of treatments for MU, ranging from medical to endoscopic to surgical therapies. This concise review aims to assist clinicians in both the prevention and treatment of marginal ulceration.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"333 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Cancer drugs and diabetic retinopathy: a dangerous, underestimated association 抗癌药物与糖尿病视网膜病变：被低估的危险关联

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.43

A. Milluzzo, L. Manuella, Lucia Frittitta, Laura Sciacca

{"title":"Cancer drugs and diabetic retinopathy: a dangerous, underestimated association","authors":"A. Milluzzo, L. Manuella, Lucia Frittitta, Laura Sciacca","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.43","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide growing prevalence of diabetes and cancer led to an increase in subjects affected by both these diseases that share several of the involved risk factors and have a complex, multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Cancer therapies could have harmful effects on several organs, particularly in subjects also affected by diabetes and its related comorbidities. Moreover, cancer diagnosis often monopolizes the attention of both patients and caregivers, thus reducing the attention to pre-existent diseases. Retinopathy is one of the most frequent microvascular complications of diabetes, accounting for about 5% of legal blindness worldwide. The retinal neurovascular unit is dysfunctional in diabetes and could represent a frail site when cancer therapies are administered. Nevertheless, the short- and long-term effects of the different anticancer molecules on retinal tissue, especially in diabetic subjects, are poorly known, and no specific recommendations on their prevention and management are available. In this review, we summarised the current data on this topic, focusing on the different cancer class drugs involved in retinal damage: anti-oestrogen, classical cytolytic chemotherapy (alkylating agents, taxanes, topoisomerase inhibitors, and antimetabolites), mitogen-activated protein kinase, tyrosine-kinase, and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors are the cancer drugs associated with retinal damage and visual disturbance. However, further studies are necessary to improve knowledge on the molecular and clinical relation between cancer therapies and retinopathy, in order to provide clinicians with evidence-based protocols to optimise the management of these conditions and minimise vision loss occurrence, impaired quality of life, and public health expense.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139597410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Exploring the role of testosterone upon adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers in men with severe obesity 探究睾酮对重度肥胖男性脂肪和心血管风险指标的作用

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.40

Eleni Armeni

{"title":"Exploring the role of testosterone upon adiposity and cardiovascular risk markers in men with severe obesity","authors":"Eleni Armeni","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.40","url":null,"abstract":"A prominent endocrine disorder linked to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and increased visceral adiposity is Male Obesity Secondary Hypogonadism (MOSH). The pathogenesis of MOSH remains under investigation. However, recent evidence supports a direct role of leptin in affecting Leydig cells, reducing testosterone production, and increasing appetite. Conversely, testosterone deficiency is associated with comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A recently published study entitled “Relationship between sex hormones, markers of adiposity and inflammation in male patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery” describes evidence supportive of an inverse association between testosterone and serum leptin as well as levels of c-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6, as well as a correlation between body mass index and CRP. The same study also provides novel insight retrieved from their in vitro findings, which reveal that testosterone exposure influences the expression of genes associated with adiposity, like fatty acid binding protein 4, peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), leptin, and adiponectin, as well as von Willebrand factor, in human-derived adipocytes. Overall, the latest evidence highlights the importance of early identification of hypogonadism in obese males and the potential benefits of testosterone supplementation in alleviating complications associated with obesity, particularly chronic inflammation. These observations underscore the need for a holistic approach to managing severe obesity, addressing hormonal and inflammatory factors to reduce its overall burden on health.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"55 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension: a short review of current evidence 高尿酸血症与高血压之间的关系：现有证据简评

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.41

Zhiwei Wang, Guiping Yao, Bing Yan, Chenghao Zhanghuang

{"title":"The relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension: a short review of current evidence","authors":"Zhiwei Wang, Guiping Yao, Bing Yan, Chenghao Zhanghuang","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.41","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of the relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension is a captivating field in hypertension research. The final product of purine metabolism is uric acid (UA), and the elevation of serum UA (SUA) levels directly contributes to the development of hypertension. Numerous studies have substantiated that hyperuricemia is a significant risk factor for hypertension. Furthermore, initial clinical trials have demonstrated that therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing SUA levels lower blood pressure (BP) in individuals with hypertension attributed to hyperuricemia. Recent research has demonstrated that hyperuricemia can facilitate the onset of hypertension via multiple mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, diminished nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), insulin resistance, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and renal impairment. Given the interconnectedness between hyperuricemia and hypertension, it is advantageous to identify potential therapeutic approaches for timely intervention in order to impede the advancement of hypertension in individuals with hyperuricemia. This article reviews the research progress on the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia-induced hypertension.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"19 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Clinical frontiers of metabolic bone disorders: a comprehensive review 代谢性骨病的临床前沿：综述

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.38

Mohd Danish Ansari, Haya Majid, Anas Khan, Yasmin Sultana

{"title":"Clinical frontiers of metabolic bone disorders: a comprehensive review","authors":"Mohd Danish Ansari, Haya Majid, Anas Khan, Yasmin Sultana","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.38","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic bone disease (MBD)encompasses various conditions that adversely impact bone health, such as osteoporosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, and fluorosis disease. Effectively managing these disorders requires early detection and a focus on maintaining healthy nutritional habits. Dietary adjustments serve as a cornerstone, but supplementation of essential minerals like calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D is often necessary to support bone reabsorption and regeneration, and reduce fracture risk. Despite the effectiveness of these measures in many cases, hereditary bone diseases pose distinctive challenges due to genetic factors. Emerging technologies that provide higher-resolution insights into bone architecture and quality are now complementing traditional diagnostic tools like dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Moreover, the therapeutic landscape has transformed with the introduction of newer agents that not only halt bone loss but also stimulate bone formation. These agents promise better outcomes with reduced side effects, catering to a wider patient population. However, the management of MBDs remains multifaceted, necessitating individualized approaches based on the patient’s clinical profile. As the global prevalence of MBDs, especially osteoporosis, continues to soar, it becomes imperative for clinicians to stay abreast with the evolving paradigms. This review serves as a bridge between historical knowledge and recent discoveries, offering a holistic perspective on the challenges and opportunities in the domain of MBDs.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Metabolic bone disease: from basic science to clinical frontier 代谢性骨病：从基础科学到临床前沿

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.39

Ling-Feng Zeng

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Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and familial chylomicronemia syndrome: case report and literature review 妊娠期急性胰腺炎和家族性乳糜泻综合征：病例报告和文献综述

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.12

Batoul Jaafar, Jessica Abou Chaaya, Shahed Ammar, Ibrahim Salti

{"title":"Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and familial chylomicronemia syndrome: case report and literature review","authors":"Batoul Jaafar, Jessica Abou Chaaya, Shahed Ammar, Ibrahim Salti","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"Acute pancreatitis rarely occurs in pregnancy, with hypertriglyceridemia being the fourth leading cause during pregnancy. Hypertriglyceridemia, of which Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome is the most severe form, ranks among the four principal causes of pancreatitis in pregnancy. Total Plasma exchange (TPE) has been found to be an effective and safe intervention both as a therapeutic and a prophylactic act. A 22-year-old female with FCS presented at the 21st week of gestation with acute hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis. Despite medical management, she was then started on TPE at the two-week follow-up after serum triglyceride level was out of control. The triglyceride dropped from 55.0 % to 77.5 % during these sessions. Despite these interventions, pancreatitis recurred in week 34. An emergency C-section was carried out after a drop in the fetal heart rate. Postpartum triglycerides dropped by 57 % but remained above 1,000 mg/dl. FCS is difficult to manage during pregnancy, and it frequently fails to respond to various pharmacologic lines. TPE can help prolong a pregnancy, but it is not a definite treatment. Novel therapies for hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy await additional safety testing.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Fructose as a novel nutraceutical for acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity 果糖作为对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)引起的肝毒性的一种新型营养保健品

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.28

Kyle Rodrigues, Rawdat Hussain, Sarah Cooke, Gary Zhang, Deqiang Zhang, Lei Yin, Xin Tong

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Non-metabolic causes of steatotic liver disease 脂肪变性肝病的非代谢原因

Metabolism and target organ damage Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.20517/mtod.2023.20

Patrik Nasr, Cecilia Jönsson, Mattias Ekstedt, Stergios Kechagias

{"title":"Non-metabolic causes of steatotic liver disease","authors":"Patrik Nasr, Cecilia Jönsson, Mattias Ekstedt, Stergios Kechagias","doi":"10.20517/mtod.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mtod.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic steatosis is caused by exaggerated hepatic lipid accumulation and is a common histological and radiological finding. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is highly associated with metabolic syndrome and represents the most common cause of hepatic steatosis. However, since several comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and drugs can cause hepatic steatosis, MASLD is, to some extent, a diagnosis of exclusion. Nevertheless, initiatives have been taken to encompass positive (instead of negative) criteria for diagnosis - such as the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors together with hepatic steatosis. Nonetheless, before confirming a patient with MASLD, it is essential to map and evaluate other causes of fatty liver disease or steatotic liver disease. Several causes of hepatic steatosis have been identified in studies; however, the study cohorts are scarce and often anecdotal. Additionally, many studies have shown correlation without proving causation, and many are retrospective without reporting relevant patient characteristics and comorbidities - making it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the underlying etiology or present comorbidity of hepatic steatosis. In this narrative review, we aimed to identify and summarize present studies evaluating the impact of the most common and often suggested causes of hepatic steatosis.","PeriodicalId":91001,"journal":{"name":"Metabolism and target organ damage","volume":"60 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0