Stem cell and translational investigation最新文献

{"title":"Opposing Biological Functions of Retinoic Acid in Normal Embryonic Development","authors":"M. Sagha, M. Mohammadzadeh-Vardin","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.605","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin A and its metabolic derivative, retinoic acid (RA) are essential biomolecules for normal development regulation and regeneration in different organs. Too much and deficiency of vitamin A can be toxic for fetuses lead to birth defects or is associated with many congenital malformations. It has been known that RA alone or in combination with other morphogens promotes the developmental program such as neural differentiation and patterning. Here, we discussed RA role in the neural patterning of the embryonic stem cells and its function in promoting the neural differentiation in neural plate of the developing embryo through attenuating the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling. By using different techniques, we also argued the opposite function of RA in inducing apoptosis in the human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) shown by upregulating the caspase expression. Finally, we discussed that some biological parameters including cell density and passage appeared to be involved in this cytotoxicity response","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leishmaniasis infection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. An \"accidental finding\"?","authors":"A. Komitopoulou","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.606","url":null,"abstract":"Although leishmaniasis is mainly a disease of immunocompetent population, reported cases of the disease related with immunosuppression, have increased during the last decades. The visceral form of the disease is often identified after solid organ transplantation, while limited data of leishmaniasis infection are available after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66658030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoid coated Titanium surfaces for Bioactive Bone implants","authors":"A. Córdoba, M. Satue, M. Gómez-Florit, M. Monjo, Joana Maria Ramis Morey.","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.520","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids are small polyphenolic molecules, ubiquitously found in nature, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Recently, we presented a bioactive surface based on the covalent grafting of flavonoids taxifolin and quercitrin on titanium substrates. The flavonoid-modified surfaces exhibited interesting biological effects in vitro with two human cell types: they stimulated the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord (hUC-MSCs) to osteoblasts, and showed anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic potential on gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Hence, these bioactive surfaces could readily have a clinical application in the development of advanced dental implants. Flavonoid compounds are being studied for several therapeutic applications –cancer, cardiovascular, liver, neurodegenerative diseases...-. Therefore, flavonoid-modified biomaterials could be used in numerous biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characterization of cardiac stem cells obtained from patients who have received left ventriculoplasty.","authors":"Emiko Hayashi, Yasunori Cho, Masaki Inoue, T. Murakami, T. Hosoda","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.537","url":null,"abstract":"The recent clinical application of c-kit-positive resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) for severe heart failure patients revealed their remarkable and long lasting beneficial effects. Ultimately aiming at a combined therapy of left ventriculoplasty and autologous CSC transplantation, we have successfully isolated and cultivated endogenous stem cells from the right atrium and the infarcted left ventricle, respectively, of all subjects in the target population. Three independent parameters, population doubling time, BrdU incorporation, and colony forming ability, each of which indicates the growth property of cultured CSCs, correlated well in every sample. Overall, CSCs derived from both origins possessed a great proliferative potential with a non-significant superiority in the right atrial CSCs. This brief report provides a fundamental basis for regenerative therapy as a potential novel management of ischemic cardiomyopathy, following the ventriculoplasty.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New immunosuppressive strategies for transplantation based on pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived immunoregulatory cells","authors":"K. Seino, H. Wada, Muhammad Baghdadi","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.504","url":null,"abstract":"Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to give rise to cells from all three germ layers that can be utilized as new reliable sources in transplantation medicine. However, when allogeneic PSCs are used for transplant generation, an effective immunosuppressive strategy is required to protect transplants from rejection induced by immune responses of recipient to donor alloantigen after transplantation. Cell-based immunosuppressive strategies offer effective, safe and specific methods to inhibit recipient’s immune response against donor transplant and help to avoid side effects accompanied with conventional immunosuppressant drugs. In this context, we hypothesized that allogeneic PSCs-derived transplants can be protected from immune rejection if accompanied with adoptive transfer of immunosuppressive cells generated from the same PSCs. Indeed, we have developed several differentiation protocols to generate immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) or macrophages from PSCs, which showed promising results to prolong same PSCs-derived graft survival. In this review, we introduce new findings related to PSCs-based cellular immunosuppressive therapy and its applications in several transplantation models.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient generation of hepatocyte-like cells from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro","authors":"Jiehua Xu, J. Qin, Dan Li, T. Jiang, H. Shan","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.496","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies indicated that stem-cell–derived hepatocyte-like cells are superior to stem cells in therapy for liver failure. Our aim is to present a modified one-step protocol for high-efficiency in vitro generation of hepatocyte-like cells from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). rBMSCs were cultured under optimal differentiation conditions. Hepatic differentiation was evaluated by light microscopy (for morphological analysis), reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (for expression of hepatocyte-specific genes), and immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence analyses of hepatic proteins, such as alpha-fetoprotein and albumin. Functional assays comprised periodic acid-Schiff staining, supernatant urea assay, and albumin radioimmunoassay. The results show that differentiated cells exhibited characteristic hepatocyte morphology, expressed hepatocyte-related genes (as shown by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction), and displayed antibody-detectable expressions of alpha-fetoprotein (100% at day 8) and albumin (>70% at 2 weeks). Most differentiated hepatocyte-like cells showed evidence of glycogen synthesis and storage, as shown by periodic acid-Schiff staining. Albumin and urea were detected in supernatants. Our one-step protocol induced the efficient differentiation of rBMSCs into functional hepatocyte-like cells in a two-dimensional in vitro model and may be useful for cell transplantation therapy for liver failure.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in the maintenance of the stem cell niche in the intestinal crypt.","authors":"Jes G Kuruvilla,&nbsp;Amr M Ghaleb,&nbsp;Agnieszka B Bialkowska,&nbsp;Mandayam O Nandan,&nbsp;Vincent W Yang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intestinal epithelium is a tissue that undergoes continuous self-renewal initiated at the bottom of the crypts, which harbor the intestinal stem cell (ISC) pool. The ISC pool is sub-divided into crypt base columnar (CBC) cells at the crypt bottom and label retention cells (LRC) at position +4 from the crypt bottom. CBC cells are marked by Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor (Lgr5) while LRC cells are identified by several markers including Bmi1, mTert, Hopx, Lrig1, and Sox9. Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) belong to a family of transcription factors that exert important physiological function in various tissues. In the intestine, KLF4 is predominantly expressed in the terminally differentiated, non-proliferating cells lining the villus. Its deletion in the adult mouse intestine results in perturbed homeostasis. In contrast, KLF5 is expressed in actively proliferating cells of the intestinal crypt, including CBC cells and transit amplifying (TA) cells. We recently investigated the effect of <i>Klf5</i> deletion specifically from the Lgr5-expressing CBC cells in adult mouse intestine using an inducible Cre recombinase system. Shortly (3-5 days) after Cre induction, proliferation of both CBC and TA cells ceased, which was accompanied by an increase in apoptosis in the crypt. Beginning at two weeks following Cre induction, both Klf5 expression and proliferation re-appeared but without the re-emergence of Lgr5-positive CBC cells, which were eventually depleted by four months following induction. These findings indicate that KLF5 plays an important role in regulating proliferation and survival of CBC stem cells in the intestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4474380/pdf/nihms695907.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33407246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular imaging: a useful tool for translational research of stem cells","authors":"Dan Li, H. Shan","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.442","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy is applied to various diseases. The successful development of stem cell therapy demands tracking cellular fate (i.e., distribution, localization, survival, proliferation, and differentiation) after transplantation. Molecular imaging, which enables us to noninvasively and dynamically investigate biological processes in living subjects, plays an important role in cellular tracking. In our recent study, Luc2-mKate2 dual-fusion reporter gene was stably transducted into MSCs using lentiviral vectors. Through in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI), the biological behaviour of transplanted MSCs (including distribution, localization, survival, and proliferation) was dynamically monitored in mice with acute liver injury and the optimal MSCs delivery dose and route for liver disease were determined. Our study demonstrates that molecular imaging techniques are useful tools for translational research of stem cells.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum uric acid as a metabolic regulator of endothelial reparative processes in heart failure patients","authors":"A. Berezin","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.432","url":null,"abstract":"Serum uric acid (SUA) is considered a marker and possible factor of nature progression of chronic heart failure (CHF) mediated cardiovascular remodelling. Recent investigations have shown that SUA is independent and strong predictor of outcome in the general population as well as in patients with cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, acute and chronic cardiac failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, the metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. It has suggested that SUA may contribute in controversial mechanisms that relate with prooxidative and antioxidative state. Because uric acid is able to activate intracellular signaling system affected Akt / STAT / MAP-kinase mechanisms, there is predisposition that SUA may mediate with mobbing and differentiation of mononuclear progenitor cells (MPCs). The review is addressed to discussion of one of possible mechanism of effect realizing of SUA in heart failure affected endogenous reparation via endothelial proangiogenic MPCs.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell expression profile in hepatocellular carcinoma, small cell dysplasia, and cirrhosis.","authors":"G. Akyol, G. Yılmaz","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.232","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide with various etiologies and its incidence still continues to increase. Tumors with progenitor/stem cell (P/SC) immunophenotype are currently the main focus of interest. Human hepatic P/SCs are located in ductal plates in fetal and neonatal livers and they remain relatively constant throughout life. Enhanced self-renewal level of normal hepatic P/SCs serves as an early event in hepatocarcinogenesis. Approximately 40% of HCCs arise from P/SCs and these cells have a critical role in development and progression of HCC. Thus, CD133 expression was found to be upregulated during early liver restoration. In spite of the increasing evidence of the impact of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in hepatocarcinogenesis, the role of CSCs in the sequence of cirrhosis (Crh)-dysplastic nodules (DN)-HCC is still not clear. In our recent research, we investigated the expression rate and staining patterns of CD133 and CD90 in Crh, small cell dysplasia, and HCC. We also evaluated the relationship between the expression rates of CSC markers and the etiology of liver diseases. Among the P/SC markers, we like to attract more attention to CD133 and CD90. Both CD133 and CD90 expressions were higher in poorly differentiated HCC cases than well differentiated ones. According to the etiology, we found that the highest staining rate for CD133 in HCC cases developed in a cirrhotic background with chronic hepatitis B and D co-infection. The highest rate for CD90 was determined in HCC cases with chronic hepatitis C. Since Crh is the end-stage of chronic injury with continuing regeneration, detection of accompanying P/SC activation by CSC markers in suspicious nodules may suggest the initiation of early phases of hepatocarcinogenesis. Some other immunophenotypical features such as Glypican 3, heat shock protein-70, and glutamine synthetase stainings are also being used to diagnose precursor lesions. Facing the emerging concept of personalized treatment strategy, it is obvious that the studies in hepatocarcinogenesis related to the theory of CSCs will provide new ideas on genesis, development, and metastasis of HCC and will bring new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}