Journal of aging science最新文献_第4页

Thrifty Hormone Ghrelin: The Secret of Aging Muscularly 节俭的生长素:肌肉衰老的秘密

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.S3.005

Yuxiang Sun

{"title":"Thrifty Hormone Ghrelin: The Secret of Aging Muscularly","authors":"Yuxiang Sun","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.20.S3.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.20.S3.005","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is a debilitating muscle-wasting disease that is the major cause of frailty and disability in aging. Ghrelin (aka acylated ghrelin, AG) is a circulating peptide hormone with an unique octanoylation on Ser3. AG induces growth hormone (GH) secretion, increases food intake, and promotes adiposity and insulin resistance via its receptor, Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHS-R). Unlike AG, unacylated ghrelin (UAG) is a peptide generated from the same ghrelin gene with amino acid sequence identical to AG but without the octanoylation modification, so UAG does not activate GHS-R. Intriguingly, both AG and UAG have been shown to promote differentiation and fusion of muscle C2C12 cells, regulate metabolic and mitochondrial signaling pathways in myotubes, and attenuate fasting- or denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Furthermore, it has also been shown that ghrelin gene deficiency increases vulnerability to fasting-induced muscle loss in aging mice, and AG and UAG effectively protects against muscle atrophy of aging mice. Because UAG doesn’t bind to GHS-R, it doesn’t have the undesired side-effects of elevated GH-release and increased obesity as AG. In summary, UAG has an impressive anti-atrophic effect in muscle protecting against muscle atrophy in aging, it has potential to be a unique and superior therapeutic candidate for muscle-wasting diseases such as sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46509224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Fall Prevention Intervention in the Emergency Department for Older Adults 老年人急诊科的跌倒预防干预

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-04-06 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.222

C. Gettel, E. Goldberg

引用次数: 3

Aging Science: Locus of Control and the Shibboleth Lens 衰老科学:控制点和Shibboleth透镜

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.224

C. Mullen

引用次数: 1

Current Status and Future of Autologous Cord Blood Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy 自体脐带血干细胞治疗脑瘫的现状与展望

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.239

H. Shintaku

引用次数: 0

Herbal Medicine Treatment for Xerostomia in Elderly Patients and Salivary Gland Regeneration Research 老年口干症的中药治疗及唾液腺再生研究

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.241

H. Shiratsuchi, Reiko Sekino, Takaaki Tamagawa, T. Kaneko

{"title":"Herbal Medicine Treatment for Xerostomia in Elderly Patients and Salivary Gland Regeneration Research","authors":"H. Shiratsuchi, Reiko Sekino, Takaaki Tamagawa, T. Kaneko","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.241","url":null,"abstract":"Xerostomia often occurs in elderly patients due to Sjogren’s syndrome, sialadenitis, IgG4-related disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and side-effects from certain medications. It is defined as a disturbance in saliva secretion, which can be triggered by radiation therapy and causes many oral and dental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to ameliorate oral symptoms and regenerate salivary glands in patients with these diseases. To relieve xerostomia and stomatitis, herbal medicines such as Japanese traditional medicine (Kampo) are often applied. Kampo therapy is effective for dry mouth symptoms. However, the salivary gland is complex and it is difficult to regenerate the salivary gland through clinical treatment. Byakkokaninjinto and Goreisan are often used as Kampo therapy for xerostomia through regulation of aquaporins. To investigate salivary gland regeneration after inflammation and atrophy, ductligation animal models were used in our previous studies. This model revealed that cytoskeletal changes and the distributions of small Rho GTPases, fibroblast growth factors, and β-catenin have important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation during submandibular gland regeneration.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth of Elders and their Population Comparison Globally 全球老年人口增长及其人口比较

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.232

I. Sindhuja

引用次数: 0

Relevance of Digitalization for Informal Caregivers to Address Support Needs and Reducing Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic 数字化与非正规护理人员在COVID-19大流行期间解决支持需求和减少社会隔离的相关性

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.8.243

Kristin R. Newman

{"title":"Relevance of Digitalization for Informal Caregivers to Address Support Needs and Reducing Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Kristin R. Newman","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.20.8.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.20.8.243","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2019, a paper I was lead author on, “The role of internet-based digital tools in reducing social isolation and addressing support needs among informal caregivers: a scoping review,” was published in BMC Public Health [1]. Little did we know that the issue of social isolation would soon become crucially important for vastly more people worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic we could see that without proper support informal caregivers were vulnerable to social isolation. Loneliness and caregiving pressures have substantially increased during the COVID-19 era for unpaid informal caregivers who care for a sibling, child, spouse, friend, or neighbor. Many informal caregivers do not have a choice in taking on this role – it often just falls to them because no one else is willing or able to do it. Often, acquaintances of these informal caregivers do not know that the individual has taken on this role. For example, there is little acknowledgment that young people (under 18 years of age) sometimes take on the responsibility of caring for a loved one such as a grandparent, parent, or sibling. Many professionals do not even address youth when discussing the care of a loved one – it is often assumed that an adult provides the care [2]. These underappreciated caregivers need to be acknowledged and supported.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fall Prevention Intervention in the Emergency Department for Older Adults. 急诊部老年人跌倒预防干预

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-04-06

Cameron J Gettel, Elizabeth M Goldberg

引用次数: 0

A Review of Cases in the Literature on Auditory Hallucinations: It would be Possible for Mozart to Hallucinate his Music 幻听文献案例综述:莫扎特的音乐有可能幻听

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.220

Ariadna Gonzalez

{"title":"A Review of Cases in the Literature on Auditory Hallucinations: It would be Possible for Mozart to Hallucinate his Music","authors":"Ariadna Gonzalez","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A review of cases in the literature on auditory hallucinations, and associated clinical characteristics, to late onset psychosis and hearing loss is performed. It has been speculated that Mozart was suffering from musical auditory hallucinations and that he used these hallucinating phenomena to write his works. Musical hallucinations that appear in elderly women may have different causes and there are few cases described in the literature have been described in different clinical situations: loss of hearing ability; brain lesions, vascular processes and encephalitis; consumption of psychoactive substances and psychiatric disorders. Methods: Cases published in the literature on auditory hallucinations from 2011 to 2019 are reviewed. Results: Different cases are described, from episodes of musical auditory hallucinations to: late age, after a surgical process, after using a medication, due to hearing problems, by musicians, by evocations of remote memory and during dreams, in addition to perception of music in patients with previous mental health disorders. Conclusion: Musical hallucinations are a rare and complex phenomenon. Clinically they may be more frequent in women and in old age. Musical hallucinations are a borderline pathology between neurology, otolaryngology and little-known psychiatry, which is often mistakenly linked to a mental illness.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70002770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Activity as a Preventive Factor to Aging-Related Physical Dysfunction in Iranian Community-Dwelling Elderly 体力活动对伊朗社区老年人衰老相关身体功能障碍的预防作用

Journal of aging science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.236

Mehdi Kushkestani, M. Moghadassi, Mohsen Parvani, S. Nosrani, Sohrab Rezaei

{"title":"Physical Activity as a Preventive Factor to Aging-Related Physical Dysfunction in Iranian Community-Dwelling Elderly","authors":"Mehdi Kushkestani, M. Moghadassi, Mohsen Parvani, S. Nosrani, Sohrab Rezaei","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.20.08.236","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: Aging is associated with a significant reduction in biological, physiological and functional capacity. The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationship between physical activity level and physical performance indicators in the community-dwelling elderly people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 431 community-dwelling older adults (>60) voluntarily were recruited from the Tehran (Iran). General and demographic features, physical activity levels, and physical performance factors were measured and recorded by demographic, PASE questionnaires, and physical function tests. Results: Age was significantly correlated with mobility, balance, speed, and lower body power (p<0.00). Also, there was a significantly positive correlation between balance (r=0.219, p<0.01), mobility(r=0.140, p<0.01) speed test (r=0.220, p<0.00) and the lower body power (r=0.237, p<0.01) with physical activity levels. Also, as expected different physical function factors were significantly difference between insufficient and sufficient physical activity group (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of strategies such as regular exercise training at parks and public places with a focus on exercise physiology experts, in addition to preventing a decline in performance, can lead to the prevention of many agingrelated disorders and increase public health.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4