Healthy aging research最新文献_第9页

Analysis of potential cost reductions related to falls in hospitalized elderly patients by correcting high‐dose prescriptions of sedative hypnotics 通过纠正高剂量镇静催眠药处方，分析住院老年患者跌倒相关的潜在成本降低

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.23

T. Tachi, T. Yokoi, C. Goto, M. Umeda, M. Yasuda, T. Mizui, Y. Noguchi, H. Teramachi

{"title":"Analysis of potential cost reductions related to falls in hospitalized elderly patients by correcting high‐dose prescriptions of sedative hypnotics","authors":"T. Tachi, T. Yokoi, C. Goto, M. Umeda, M. Yasuda, T. Mizui, Y. Noguchi, H. Teramachi","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/har.2015.4.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Risk factors for falls include older age, diseases, and certain medications. High‐dose sedative hypnotics have been shown to increase the risk of falls, necessitating caution when these medications are used. High‐dose sedative hypnotics have an increased half‐life in elderly patients with reduced hepatic and renal function, which may increase fall risk. Methods: This retrospective survey evaluated the potential cost reductions associated with fall prevention by changing high‐dose prescriptions. For this purpose, the association between falls and high‐dose usage of sedative hypnotics was analyzed in hospitalized elderly patients. Study participants were 267 ambulatory patients aged ≥65 years who were taking sedative hypnotics and were hospitalized for ≥3 days from May 2012 to April 2013 at the Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan. Patients' age, sex and usage of sedative hypnotics (high‐dose vs. non‐highdose) were analyzed, as well as the costs incurred by tests, drugs, and wages for medical personnel for patients on high‐dose sedative hypnotics who experienced falls. Results: Analysis revealed a significantly higher rate of falls in the group using high‐dose sedative hypnotics (21.4%; 14/224) compared to the non‐high‐dose group (6.3%; 9/42, p=0.004). Assessment of cost demonstrated potential savings of ¥589 per case if falls could be prevented by correcting high‐dose prescriptions. Conclusions: This study indicates that high‐dose prescriptions of sedative hypnotics may be associated with fall risk in the elderly. Correcting high‐dose prescriptions for these drugs would be beneficial not only for medical safety, but also the medical economy.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1–8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66241593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A bidirectional approach to lay definitions vs. theories of successful aging: The Manitoba Follow‐up Study 一个双向的方法奠定定义与理论的成功老龄化:马尼托巴随访研究

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.38

A. Swift, R. Tate

{"title":"A bidirectional approach to lay definitions vs. theories of successful aging: The Manitoba Follow‐up Study","authors":"A. Swift, R. Tate","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/har.2015.4.38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In light of evidence from previous work, we identified the overlaps and gaps between six prominent theoretical frameworks of successful aging and lay conceptualizations of the same. It has formerly been suggested that considering complex phenomena from the bottom up and from the top down allows one to get to the root of an issue that warrants inquiry; namely the discrepancy between researcher‐generated theories and lay conceptualizations of successful aging. Methods: In the present study we approached this issue from the bottom up and top down, using the saturated Manitoba Follow‐up Study coding system (the ‘MFUS‐SA‐CM v.1’) as a template. Results: The overlaps we found depicted aspects of successful aging that were well represented by theories in the field. The gaps highlighted aspects of successful aging that were underrepresented by the theories. The gaps were particularly important, since they flagged theoretical areas that could be expanded upon via lay conceptualizations. Conclusions: By broadening the existing theoretical ‘take’ on successful aging to include aspects of lay definitions that have thus far been downplayed, we aim to provide the research community with a much‐needed tool with which to consistently inform their successful aging research.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1–13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66242142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Everyday outdoor mobility in old age: Focus group interviews with active senior citizens 老年人日常户外活动:与活跃老年人的焦点小组访谈

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.32

Lina Gyllencreutz, B. Saveman

{"title":"Everyday outdoor mobility in old age: Focus group interviews with active senior citizens","authors":"Lina Gyllencreutz, B. Saveman","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/har.2015.4.32","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Senior citizens are over‐represented in injury statistics, and fall‐related injuries are globally recognized as a major threat to their health and wellbeing. Outdoor falls are likely to occur among those who are active and healthy when walking or cycling. The objective of this study was to explore active senior citizens' experiences and perceptions of how their safety could be increased and their risk reduced in outdoor environments. Methods: Six focus‐group interviews with 31 healthy and active senior citizens were conducted in northern Sweden. Data were analyzed via a qualitative content analysis method. Results: Participants adjusted to age‐related changes in order to stay safe during outdoor mobility. Outdoor activities were facilitated by having confidence of safety within the environment, and by using safety devices. Fear of, for example, falling and dangerous environments, such as uneven surfaces, as well as the shortcomings of safety devices, were constraining elements for outdoor activity. Conclusions: It is of great importance to raise awareness of healthy aging and to illuminate directions for environmental changes. Asking old people about their experiences allows the researcher to identify with their perspective, and may give a more comprehensive understanding of the most appropriate recommendations for health and safety improvements.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1–10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66242170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Supporting evidence for using Perispinal Etanercept to inhibit TNF&agr; when treating neuropathologies including dementia, chronic stroke, neuropathic pain or traumatic brain injury: Role of TNF in the regulation of normal brain activity (Part I) 应用依那西普抑制TNF&agr的支持证据在治疗包括痴呆、慢性中风、神经性疼痛或创伤性脑损伤在内的神经病变时:TNF在调节正常脑活动中的作用(第一部分)

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.11

S. Ralph, I. Clark

引用次数: 0

Functional improvements associated with upper extremity motor stimulation in individuals with Parkinson's disease 帕金森病患者上肢运动刺激相关的功能改善

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.12

Patrick J. Bartoshyk, N. de Bruin, L. Brown, J. Doan

{"title":"Functional improvements associated with upper extremity motor stimulation in individuals with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Patrick J. Bartoshyk, N. de Bruin, L. Brown, J. Doan","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/har.2015.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While traditional neurotherapy promotes motor function in people living with Parkinson's disease (PD), the benefits may be limited by compounding physical, cognitive, and attentional barriers. Since the non‐traditional exercise of ice‐skating is proving to positively influence motor function and postural control, the purpose of this study was to explore whether the addition of an upper body sensory‐driven motor coordination task (stickhandling) would provide upper extremity neuromotor benefit among people with moderate PD. Methods: Seven non‐PD control (CTRL) and 22 PD (14 ON‐ICE, 8 OFF‐ICE) participants completed three trials of a reaching‐to‐eat (fine motor) task and a button‐push (gross motor) task, PRE‐and POST‐completion of two dynamic ‐ either on‐ or off‐ice ‐ stickhandling tasks. Reaching‐to‐eat and button‐push scores were compared between time periods (PRE, POST) and groups (CTRL, PD ON‐ICE, PD OFF‐ICE). Results: CTRL participants demonstrated higher scores when compared to the PD groups. Both PD groups demonstrated an improvement in reaching‐to‐eat and button‐push scores immediately following the intervention. Conclusions: These findings suggest that sport‐derived exercise programs may provide neuromotor benefit to people living with PD.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1–8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12715/har.2015.4.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66241254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Is aging an evolved developmental program? 衰老是一个进化的发展过程吗?

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.6

M. Singer

引用次数: 1

Positive affect, depressive symptoms, and arthritis pain of elderly people over time. 随着时间的推移，老年人的积极情绪、抑郁症状和关节炎疼痛。

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-02-23 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.16

Jeong E Lee, Eva Kahana, Boaz Kahana, Kaitlyn Barnes

{"title":"Positive affect, depressive symptoms, and arthritis pain of elderly people over time.","authors":"Jeong E Lee, Eva Kahana, Boaz Kahana, Kaitlyn Barnes","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.16","DOIUrl":"10.12715/har.2015.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Older adults frequently experience physical symptoms of arthritis pain. We examined the dynamic change of arthritis pain and depressive symptoms over time. We also addressed the influence of time varying arthritis pain on depressive symptoms and positive affect among community dwelling older individuals.Methods: Analyses were based on data from 4 annual follow-ups in a sample of 299 elderly residents (M=83.78) of Florida retirement communities. We estimated a hierarchical growth curve model that related the effects of time varying pain and characteristics of participants such as age, gender, cognitive functioning, emotional support and health. Growth curve modeling was used to assess changes in emotional well-being as a function of arthritis pain over time.Results: We found that depressive symptoms increased over 4 years whereas positive affect declined over 4 years with significant between-person differences in levels and slopes. As predicted, changes in arthritis pain co-varied with both depressive symptoms and positive affect over time. Gender, cognitive functioning, health conditions and emotional support from others were associated with between person differences in level of emotional well-being.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that conceptualization of emotional well-being of older adults as a dynamic, changing construct applies both depressive symptoms and positive affect. Findings also suggest that arthritis pain as well as emotional support contribute to depressive symptoms and to positive affect among older adults with arthritis.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12715/har.2015.4.16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35794060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Physical activity in older adults: Planning, delivering, and evaluation plan for the Eat Better Move More Intervention 老年人的身体活动:“吃得好，动得多”干预计划的计划、实施和评估

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.13

M. Nies, Meredith L. Troutman-Jordan, W. Y. Lim

引用次数: 0

Substance use disorders in late life: A review of current evidence 晚年物质使用障碍:当前证据综述

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.27

R. Tampi, Deena Tampi, M. Durning

引用次数: 6

Supporting evidence for using Perispinal Etanercept to inhibit TNF&agr; when treating neuropathologies including dementia, chronic stroke, neuropathic pain or traumatic brain injury: Role of TNF in neuropathologies and in particular in Alzheimer's disease (Part II) 应用依那西普抑制TNF&agr的支持证据当治疗包括痴呆、慢性中风、神经性疼痛或创伤性脑损伤在内的神经病理时:TNF在神经病理特别是阿尔茨海默病中的作用(第二部分)

Healthy aging research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.12715/har.2015.4.14

S. Ralph, I. Clark

{"title":"Supporting evidence for using Perispinal Etanercept to inhibit TNF&agr; when treating neuropathologies including dementia, chronic stroke, neuropathic pain or traumatic brain injury: Role of TNF in neuropathologies and in particular in Alzheimer's disease (Part II)","authors":"S. Ralph, I. Clark","doi":"10.12715/har.2015.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12715/har.2015.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Part II of this three‐part review examines the evidence for the involvement of the pro‐inflammatory cytokine, Tumour Necrosis Factor‐alpha (TNF&agr;) in neuropathologies with a particular focus on Alzheimer's Dementia (AD). It helps to underpin the support for Part III ‐ establishing the basis for using anti‐TNF therapy and why it is justified to target and treat these health problems, including chronic stroke, dementias, neuropathic pain or traumatic brain injury. All of these can become chronic illnesses and are of major incidence with a grossly unmet need to improve their treatment. Part I established the role of TNF&agr; as a direct regulator of neuronal synaptic activity. It is in this context that Part II analyses abnormalities in TNF levels associated with disease, using AD as an example of the consequence that can arise from TNF‐induced changes in the brain. Parts I and II then provide support for clinical application of anti‐TNF therapy, which is discussed in Part III not only for treating the dementias, but also its great benefits in reducing long‐term pain during rehabilitation from traumatic brain injury or chronic stroke, areas where Perispinal Etanercept therapy holds special significance.","PeriodicalId":90841,"journal":{"name":"Healthy aging research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1–7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66240824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0