Clinical research and trials最新文献_第4页

Covid-19 - Experience in Costa Rica Covid-19 -哥斯达黎加的经验

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000313

A. Alvarado

引用次数: 0

Metacognitive Skills Training Effect on Cognitive Function in (TBI) Patients A Systematic Review 元认知技能训练对TBI患者认知功能的影响:系统综述

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/CRT.1000329

S. Makka

引用次数: 1

IgE Diseases IgE疾病

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000333

Alcibey Alvarado González

{"title":"IgE Diseases","authors":"Alcibey Alvarado González","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000333","url":null,"abstract":"IgE production is a unique characteristic of mammals. Traditionally, the concept of allergy implied an abnormal response to an otherwise benign agent (eg, pollen or food), with an easily identifiable relationship between exposure and disease. However, there are syndromes in which the relationship between exposure to the relevant allergen and the \"allergic\" disease is not clear. In these cases, the presence of specific IgE antibodies can play an important role in identifying the relevant allergen and provide a guide to therapy. IgE is the antibody isotype found at the lowest concentration in the circulation. However, IgE can undeniably play an important role in mediating allergic reactions; best exemplified by the clinical benefits of anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies therapy for some allergic diseases. IgE has also been implicated in congenital diseases due to specific molecular defects and in autoimmune diseases behaving as a self-reactive immunoglobulin. This review will describe our current understanding of the interactions between IgE and its main receptors Fc ε RI and CD23 (Fc ε RII). We will review the known and potential functions of IgE in health and disease: in particular, its detrimental roles in allergic diseases and, its protective functions in host defense against parasites and venoms. Finally, we will present an overview of the drugs that are in clinical development or have therapeutic potential for IgE-mediated allergic diseases.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67460526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) - Clinical trials advice 冠状病毒大流行(COVID-19) -临床试验建议

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000301

D. Novara

引用次数: 1

Heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Revision of exceptional case of valvular and subvalvular aortic obstruction 保留左心室射血分数的心力衰竭。瓣状及瓣下主动脉阻塞个案的修正

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000299

Diego A Valadez-Villegas, Guillermo Trujillo-Martínez, P. Morales-Alvarez, Roberto Cano-Zárate, Luis Mora, E. Alexanderson-Rosas, N. Espinola-Zavaleta

{"title":"Heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Revision of exceptional case of valvular and subvalvular aortic obstruction","authors":"Diego A Valadez-Villegas, Guillermo Trujillo-Martínez, P. Morales-Alvarez, Roberto Cano-Zárate, Luis Mora, E. Alexanderson-Rosas, N. Espinola-Zavaleta","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000299","url":null,"abstract":"Subvalvular stenosis represents the second most common cause of aortic stenosis. However, it remains a rare disease. Its importance relays in a possible development of heart failure at an early age and the association with multiple cardiac defects. Surgical treatment is definitive resolution. In this case report, we describe a 28 years old man who begins with progressive dyspnea and palpitations since he was 17 years old. Later, the patients required a double valvular replacement due to a complex valvular and subvalvular aortic lesion that was diagnosed by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance are the diagnostic standard for this particular condition since these techniques allow characterizing the lesion and its hemodynamic repercussion in cardiac cavities and establishing the treatment. *Correspondence to: Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta, MD, PhD, Department of Nuclear Cardiology, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, PC 14080, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, E-mail: niesza2001@hotmail.com","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67458892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of a Novel Gene Mutation for Hereditary Elliptocytosis 一种新的遗传椭圆细胞病基因突变的检测

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000320

S. Islam

{"title":"Detection of a Novel Gene Mutation for Hereditary Elliptocytosis","authors":"S. Islam","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000320","url":null,"abstract":"Hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) is usually an autosomal dominant inherited hemolytic condition that is characterized by heterogeneous clinical course. Majority of the cases of HE are due to genetic defects affecting α-spectrin, β-spectrin or protein 4.1. Phenotypic expressivity can be different in different patient for single gene mutation i.e. different individuals with the same genotype can have more or less severe phenotype. I am reporting a heterozygous partial deletion in the EPB41 gene that was detected in a patient whose peripheral blood smear was consistent with HE and the deletion encompassed at least exons 10 to 16. This EPB41 deletion has not been previously reported in literature. Erythroid precursors in bone marrow of HE patients are round without any morphologic abnormalities which suggests elliptical shape of elliptocytes develop during the normal aging process of red blood cell (RBC) in circulation. The morphological changes seen in RBCs in HE do not necessarily shorten the lifespan of all patients with HE. *Correspondence to: Md Serajul Islam, MD, MRCP, FRCPath, Consultant Hematologist, Department of Hematology, Guy’s Hospital and Queens Hospital, RM7 0AG, London, UK, Tel: (+44)7769580452; E-mail: serajul@doctors.org.uk","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67459648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors should be the standard of care for treatment of most patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction irrespective of presence of diabetes 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂应该成为大多数心力衰竭和射血分数降低患者治疗的标准护理，无论是否存在糖尿病

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000288

N. Mikhail

{"title":"Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors should be the standard of care for treatment of most patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction irrespective of presence of diabetes","authors":"N. Mikhail","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000288","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recent well-designed trials have shown that Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors decrease Heart Failure Hospitalization (HFH) in patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Methods: Review of literature [p2] (English, French, Spanish) from January 1990 to December 20, 2019. Key words included heart failure, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, SGLT2 inhibitors, safety, randomized trials, and meta-analysis. Expert opinions and guidelines are also reviewed. Results: The use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes was associated with significant relative reduction in HFH by [p3] 27-35%. The latter reduction is most likely a class effect and is consistent in patients with various degrees of Cardiovascular (CV) risk at baseline. In patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF), dapagliflozin decreased risk of a composite outcome of worsening Heart Failure (HF) or CV death by 26%, as well as the secondary outcomes of HFH by 30% and death from any cause by 17%. Moreover, dapagliflozin decreased severity of symptoms of heart failure. Importantly, the amelioration of previous outcomes was similar in patients with or without diabetes. Dapagliflozin did not cause major hypoglycemia in non- diabetic patients with heart failure. However, patients with advanced HFrEF with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV were not included. Conclusions: SGLT2 inhibitors should be added to the standard care [p4] in most patients with HFrEF in presence or absence of type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67458297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Eosinophil: Physiology and Pathology 嗜酸性粒细胞:生理学和病理学

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000287

A. Alvarado

{"title":"The Eosinophil: Physiology and Pathology","authors":"A. Alvarado","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000287","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of these intriguing cells has gone through various phases since their description. They were originally considered as inflammatory, but protective cells. Subsequently, its potential pathological impact was discovered under various conditions, ranging from antiparasitic and allergic effects to autoimmune, neoplastic, inflammatory and idiopathic disorders. New visions of the molecular basis of the development and traffic of eosinophils and their vigorous participation in the immune regulation circuit define them as very active immune cells, but their ability to invade tissues and their powerful enzyme arsenal place them as effector cells with increased potential inflammatory and cytotoxic. The knowledge of their immunomodulatory activity and their participation in various pathologies has allowed us to design new therapeutic strategies that impact their function in various nosological entities. This monograph aims to update the knowledge of its physiology and associated disorders and diseases. *Correspondence to: Alcibey Alvarado. Clínica de Diagnóstico Médico. Torre Médica. 3 piso. Paseo Colón, San José, Costa Rica, Tel: 50622237134; 50622566439; 50687351858; Fax: 50622216754; E-mail: alcialvagonza@yahoo.com.mx","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67458573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Aneuploidia: Marker of malignant colorectal adenomatous polyps 非整倍体:结直肠恶性腺瘤性息肉的标志

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/crt.1000306

M. Stoian, L. Indrei, B. Stoian

{"title":"Aneuploidia: Marker of malignant colorectal adenomatous polyps","authors":"M. Stoian, L. Indrei, B. Stoian","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000306","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the fact that colorectal cancer (CRC) usually develops from focal neoplastic lesions of adenomatous colorectal polyps, colorectal adenomas might be considered precancerous lesions and are resected endoscopically in order to prevent the progression to CRC by interrupting the adenoma-carcinoma sequence [1]. The histopathological features of adenomatous polyps classically regarded as risk factors for malignant transformation are associated with the size, grade of epithelial dysplasia and histological type [2]. One of the most important risk factors is the size of the polyp, as there is a >40% chance for a larger than 2 cm adenomatous polyp to be malignant [3]. According to the WHO 25% classification rule, colorectal adenomatous polyps are histologically classified as tubular, tubulo-villous and villous [4], the presence of extended villous features being associated with a greater risk of malignancy [3]. Dysplasia grading in adenoma is usually defined according to the revised Vienna classification of gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasia as either low-grade (epithelial neoplastic changes limited only to the epithelial glands) or high-grade (glandular irregularity and crowding with “back-to-back” glands, a cribriform architecture with prominent glandular budding) [5]. Highgrade dysplasia is usually associated with the development of CRC, but sometimes invasive carcinoma may stem from low-grade dysplasia.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67458842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 infection as a systemic disease COVID-19感染是全身性疾病

Clinical research and trials Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/CRT.1000332

M. Bongiovanni, A. Marra

引用次数: 1