Masayuki Yanagisawa, H. Fujimaki, A. Takeda, M. Nemoto, Takayuki Sugimoto, Akio Sato
{"title":"Long-term (10-year) efficacy of finasteride in 523 Japanese men with androgenetic alopecia","authors":"Masayuki Yanagisawa, H. Fujimaki, A. Takeda, M. Nemoto, Takayuki Sugimoto, Akio Sato","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000273","url":null,"abstract":"Finasteride is a standard medical treatment for androgenetic alopecia; however, no long-term study of up to 10 years has been performed in Japan. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of 1 mg/day finasteride in 532 Japanese men who were treated for androgenetic alopecia for 10 years. We performed subjective evaluations, using questionnaires administered to patients, in addition to the objective evaluation by doctors. The efficacy was assessed using the Norwood-Hamilton scale and modified global photographic assessment score, the standardized 7-point rating score using scalp photographs. For the Norwood-Hamilton classifications, stages IIa and IIv were combined as II, IIIa and IIIv were combined as III, IVa was combined as IV, and Va was combined as V. The proportions of patients with improvement (score ≥ 5) and prevention of disease progression (score ≥ 4) were 91.5% and 99.1%, respectively. The Norwood-Hamilton classification grading improved by approximately 1 grade from 3.35 ± 1.11 to 2.55 ± 1.30 after the 10-year treatment. The groups that showed Norwood-Hamilton: I/II/III and IV/V/VI/ VII at the first visit showed statistically significant differences in the modified global photographic assessment score at the 10-year treatment subjective evaluation (6.27 ± 0.62 vs 5.52 ± 0.78, P<0.001). Furthermore, the quantitative analysis of the objective evaluation using the questionnaire was also significantly different (P<0.001). During the study period, no serious adverse reaction was recognized. Long-term (10-year) treatment with 1 mg/day finasteride in Japanese men with androgenetic alopecia showed high efficacy in subjective and objective evaluations. *Correspondence to: Akio Sato, MD, PhD. Tokyo Memorial Clinic, 2F Yamaha Building, 2-16-7 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0053, Japan, E-mail: drsato@ crux.ocn.ne.jp","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67456613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian methods for mixed method synthesis","authors":"L. Roever","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000269","url":null,"abstract":"Received: July 09, 2019; Accepted: August 02, 2019; Published: August 06, 2019 Bayesian methods generate summative statements of the evidence through the meta-aggregation of data, and this can involve attributing a numerical value to all qualitative data, facilitating a final statistical analysis of individual syntheses (i.e. translating qualitative data into quantitative), or attributing a qualitative thematic description to all quantitative data, thereby permitting a final meta-aggregation of individual syntheses (i.e. translating quantitative data into qualitative) (Table 1) [1-4].","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67456263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The sixty fourth case of pediatric Churg Strauss syndrome","authors":"Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000272","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67456546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina B Pateva, Elizabeth H Kerling, Manju Reddy, Dan Chen, Susan E Carlson, Jakica Tancabelic
{"title":"Effect of Maternal Cigarette Smoking on Newborn Iron Stores.","authors":"Irina B Pateva, Elizabeth H Kerling, Manju Reddy, Dan Chen, Susan E Carlson, Jakica Tancabelic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal smoking has been known to have a negative impact on the well being of the developing fetus. Prenatal smoking has been associated with premature births, low birth weight and with certain birth defects. Small research studies have also found a negative correlation between maternal smoking and neonatal body iron.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study and compare the relationship between maternal and infants' body iron in smokers and non-smokers in a large matched-pair cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study involving 144 mothers - 72 smokers and 72 non-smokers and their respective infants. Samples were obtained from maternal and infants' cord blood at delivery for Serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and ferritin levels. Serum TfR and ferritin were measured by RAMCO ELISA and RIA assays. Total Body Iron (TBI) was calculated using the sTfR/ferritin ratio in a previously described formula by Cook et al.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women who smoked had lower sTfR, higher ferritin and higher body iron compared to nonsmoking women. In contrast to their respective mothers, we found a small, but statistically significant negative correlation between smoking and infants' total body iron. The number of packs per day smoked was also negatively correlated with infants' ferritin and total body iron. Lower birth weight was noted in babies of smokers compared to nonsmokers (mean /- SD =3270 +/-475 vs. 3393 g +/- 475 g, p=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women who smoked during pregnancy had higher iron stores but their newborn infants had lower iron stores than those of non-smoking mothers. The more packs per day (PPD) and more days smoked during pregnancy led to lower total body iron of the babies. There may be a negative dose-dependent response between fetal smoke exposure and infant iron stores.</p>","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":"4-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4469279/pdf/nihms696394.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33401382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina B. Pateva, E. Kerling, M. Reddy, Dan Chen, S. Carlson, Jakica Tancabelic
{"title":"Effect of Maternal Cigarette Smoking on Newborn Iron Stores.","authors":"Irina B. Pateva, E. Kerling, M. Reddy, Dan Chen, S. Carlson, Jakica Tancabelic","doi":"10.15761/CRT.1000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CRT.1000102","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Maternal smoking has been known to have a negative impact on the well being of the developing fetus. Prenatal smoking has been associated with premature births, low birth weight and with certain birth defects. Small research studies have also found a negative correlation between maternal smoking and neonatal body iron. OBJECTIVES To study and compare the relationship between maternal and infants' body iron in smokers and non-smokers in a large matched-pair cohort. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study involving 144 mothers - 72 smokers and 72 non-smokers and their respective infants. Samples were obtained from maternal and infants' cord blood at delivery for Serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and ferritin levels. Serum TfR and ferritin were measured by RAMCO ELISA and RIA assays. Total Body Iron (TBI) was calculated using the sTfR/ferritin ratio in a previously described formula by Cook et al. RESULTS Women who smoked had lower sTfR, higher ferritin and higher body iron compared to nonsmoking women. In contrast to their respective mothers, we found a small, but statistically significant negative correlation between smoking and infants' total body iron. The number of packs per day smoked was also negatively correlated with infants' ferritin and total body iron. Lower birth weight was noted in babies of smokers compared to nonsmokers (mean /- SD =3270 +/-475 vs. 3393 g +/- 475 g, p=0.03). CONCLUSION Women who smoked during pregnancy had higher iron stores but their newborn infants had lower iron stores than those of non-smoking mothers. The more packs per day (PPD) and more days smoked during pregnancy led to lower total body iron of the babies. There may be a negative dose-dependent response between fetal smoke exposure and infant iron stores.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1 1","pages":"4-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67455083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review","authors":"Alcibey Alvarado González","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67462533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Freitas, L. Gonçalves, M. J. Coelho, M. Ferraz, R. Magalhaes, C. Piña, I. Cardoso
{"title":"Prevalence of antibiotic (β-lactams, tetracycline, metronidazole, erythromycin) resistance genes in periodontic infections","authors":"D. Freitas, L. Gonçalves, M. J. Coelho, M. Ferraz, R. Magalhaes, C. Piña, I. Cardoso","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000280","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia are thought to be pathogens in adult periodontitis. Antibiotherapy is usually needed in the treatment of periodontitis being often prescribed empirically. To allow prescription of a specific antibiotic treatment, identification of resistance genes should be performed. The aim of this study was the identification of the presence of TetM, TetQ, TEM, cfxA, MefA, ErmB and Nim resistance genes in previously identified P. intermedia and P. gingivalis isolated from samples collected from periodontal infections. Method: PCR was used for the identification of TetM, TetQ, TEM, cfxA, MefA, ErmB and Nim resistance genes in strains isolated from samples collected from periodontal infections. Results: It was seen that 8% of isolates had one of the tested tetracycline resistance genes. A total of 32% of β-lactamases resistance genes was observed in isolated strains. It was also observed that 2% of isolates had one of the analysed erythromycin resistance genes. None of the isolates showed the presence of the metronidazole resistance gene. Conclusions: Most strains harboring β-lactamase resistance genes had been previously identified as P. intermedia. No tetracycline resistance gene and a very low percentage of β-lactamase resistance genes were observed in P. gingivalis strains. *Correspondence to: Inês Lopes Cardoso, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Tel: 351 225071300; E-mail: mic@ufp.edu.pt","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67457124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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