Clinical research and trials最新文献

{"title":"A Pilot Study to Examine the Effect of Pea Protein on Limiting the Loss of Muscle Mass during Weight Loss: Study Design and Rationale","authors":"Jaime L. Clark, Carla G. Taylor, L. Guérin‐Deremaux, C. Lefranc-Millot, P. Zahradka","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67460905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of serum antibodies against vaccine-preventable diseases in Japanese students and its advisory standard of vaccination","authors":"K. Numazaki","doi":"10.15761/CRT.1000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CRT.1000339","url":null,"abstract":"Although measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) are vaccine-preventable diseases common in childhood, the incidence of these viral infections has recently increased in the adult Japanese population. For prevention against infections in medical facilities, it is important to assess the immunity against these viruses and to achieve immunocompetence by vaccination. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for MMRV vaccinations in Japanese students of co-medical fields by means of a seroprevalence survey for these viral infectious diseases and to recommend vaccination. Status of the students attending to International University of health and welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan were surveyed in 2008 to 2011 academic year for vaccination and past medical history by self-administered questionnaire and the serum antibody prevalence for enrollment concerning measles, rubella, varicella and mumps. Majority of the students in all years had immunity for measles, rubella and varicella but not for mumps by EIA assy. Although positive rates of measles antibody had risen since 2009, which of rubella was extremely low in the year of 2011. Serum antibody titers of rubella were lower than those of measles in all years. Freshman of 2008 showed highest antibody titers against measles and rubella. A high prevalence rate for the varicella antibody was observed in subjects of 2010 and 2011. The prevalence rate for the mumps antibody was lower in subjects of 2010 and 2011. Vaccinations in Japan are not enforced and like the United States for final vaccination activities entrusted to guardians and personal perceptions and judgment, limits in encouraging vaccination for legal status. The results of this study suggest that the forth stage of measles and rubella mixed regular vaccination targeted since 2008 in Japan was effective. Also determined what should be done the encouraging vaccination based on specific past medical history, vaccination histories (including dates and times) about encouraging vaccination, appropriate for the individual.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67460207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregivers' Evaluation of an Interprofessional Family-Centered Early Childhood Program","authors":"Trisha L Self, Jennifer R. Francois, Kathy L. Coufal","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67461101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of risk and knowledge levels of individuals with diabetes in terms of health beliefs and cardiovascular diseases","authors":"G. Arslan, M. Mollaoğlu","doi":"10.15761/CRT.1000341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CRT.1000341","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Purpose of this study has determine the awareness, predisposition, and health belief level of individuals with diabetes towards CVD. Method: Design of the study was a cross‐sectional descriptive. This study adhered to the STROBE guideline for cross‐sectional studies.160 diabetic individuals who were diagnosed with diabetes who were treated in the Endocrinology Service between March and July 2019. Data were collected by Demographic and Medical Information, Health Belief Model Score (HBM), The Framingham risk score (FRS) and Cardiovascular Disease Risk factors information level scale (CARRIE-IL). Result: The HBS total score average (3.55 ± 0.28) of the individuals involved in the study was found to be negative. The lowest score was determined as perceived obstacles, perceived seriousness, perceived sensitivity, perceived benefits, and health-related activities. The participants' knowledge level of cardiovascular disease risk factors was above average (16.13 ± 2.88) and their risk of having a cardiovascular disease within ten years was 18.13 ± 8.96 (intermediate level). In the study, men with diabetes aged 65 and over, single, elementary school, first-degree obese, less than two per week, physical activity level, and health beliefs of individuals with diabetes for more than 6 years low level of knowledge of CVD and CVD within ten years were determined to be likely to be able to spend any. Conclusion: Diabetes is a chronic disease, but if it is not well managed, it prepares the ground for the development of cardiovascular diseases. It can prevent cardiovascular complications when nurses identify individuals who need support in the management of diabetes and make plans to improve their specific health protection.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67460277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of coronary artery disease: State of the art in the last decade","authors":"C. R. Arce-Sandoval, L. Zavala-Romero, R. E. Romero-Montiel, Sergio Asch-Abadi, H. Gurrola-Luna, Arantza Marie Perez-Partida, Juan Ignacio Straface, J.A. Luna-Alvarez-Amezquita, J. Bermudez-Gonzalez, J. I. Armenta-Moreno, Joaquin Berarducci, Enrique Solorzano-Pinot, Valente Fernandez-Badillo, I. Carvajal-Juárez, E. Alexanderson-Rosas","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67462406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylphenidate - An Antidementia? An experience report","authors":"Lothar Markus","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000325","url":null,"abstract":"Methylphenidate has been used for years to treat ADHD, preferably in children but increasingly also in adults. The drug requires strict indication and control when used. Since an increase in mental performance, concentration and alertness can be demonstrated, especially in adults, Ritalin was used in 3 patients aged 84, 87, 90 years with dementia symptoms and showed a very good effect. Use in this indication should be examined.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47815099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign Clinical and Epidemiological Outcomes-Associated Factors of COVID-19 from a Solved Epidemic with a Low Case Fatality Rate","authors":"Gang Hu, Jian Liu, Pengfei He, Ouyang Juan Li, Bao Jia Zou, Xiaoming Peng","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-104036/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-104036/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Since December 2019, COVID-19 has been confirmed in more than18.8 million patients and leads to 0.70 million deaths worldwide. The mortality and disease severity predictors of COVID-19 have been investigated in many studies. However, they are based on early or partial datasets from high epidemic areas. Here, we retrospect benign clinical and epidemiological outcomes-associated factors from a solved epidemic in a low epidemic area. Methods: All 98 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients in a local epidemic (Zhuhai, China) from January 17, 2020 to March 10, 2020 were enrolled. Data were updated until all patients having final outcomes. Results: Patients were all hospitalized. The case fatality rate was 1.0%. There were no local secondary infection cases. The median age was 46.3 years. Underlying diseases were found in 33.7% patients. The severe/critical rate was 19.4%. The mean period from disease onset to admission was 4.4 days. Compared with serious/critical cases, mild/common cases on admission were much younger, lacks of comorbidities and normal in functions of vital organs and indicators of secondary bacterial infections. The lymphocyte counts in serious/critical cases began to be significantly lower 3 days before their identification dates. The absence of lymphopenia before the eighth day from disease onset can exclude the possibility of 78.5% to be serious/critical ill. Most patients (88.8%) received antiviral treatments. Early antiviral treatment significantly shortened the viral RNA-negative conversion time. The delayed antiviral treatment was associated with critical patients.Conclusions: Younger age, lack of aging-related diseases and early hospitalization of all patients to conduct antiviral treatment and prevention of secondary epidemic were the important benign clinical and epidemiological outcomes-associated factors of COVID-19. In combating COVID-19, the active intervention strategies are crucial in low epidemic areas and the continuous monitoring of lymphocytes may be useful to sort patients reasonably in high epidemic areas.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44729947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Angiogenesis in Warts","authors":"Simon Bossart","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-20524/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-20524/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background\u0000\u0000Angiogenesis is a key event in tumour growth. An infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) typically leads to benign tumours, such as warts (papillomas) on the skin and mucous membranes. The role of angiogenesis in skin warts is yet to be established. The present work evaluates the hypothesis that the development of skin warts is associated with alterations in the dermal vascularisation (dermal microvessel density/mm 2 , MVD).\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000\u0000Seventeen cases of cutaneous warts and eight cases of normal skin were studied. Dermal vessels were immunostained for CD31, CD34 and CD105. The ten areas with the highest number of microvessels were counted.\u0000\u0000Results\u0000\u0000The number of CD31 + , CD34 + and CD105 + vessels was significantly higher in cutaneous warts compared to that in normal skin (mean±SD: 45.71±22.63 vs 21.27±5.83, P=0.0062; 59.75±24.93 vs 17.13±5.67, P<0.001; and 29.74±7.09 vs 6.58±1.89, P<0.001 respectively).\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000\u0000Higher MVD values in skin warts suggest a possible causal correlation between angiogenesis and development of papillomas in HPV infected skin. Our results shows the morphological histopathological explanation (high number of vessels) for the punk-shaped vessels seen in the dermatoscopical examination.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43991623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing an adequate dose of acupuncture is essential for clinical trial studies.","authors":"Sheng Ma","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000295","url":null,"abstract":"Importance\u0000A number of recent clinical trials have demonstrated that acupuncture is more effective for treating chronic pain conditions compared to sham and no acupuncture, but some research questions have remained unaddressed and are standing in the way of further progress.\u0000\u0000\u0000Observations and Advances\u0000The effectiveness of acupuncture for pain conditions compared to usual care have been demonstrated, which has significantly enhanced the position of acupuncture in multiple pain guidelines following these studies. However, the studies also generated some conflicting results with difficulty in comparing each other. Research examining an adequate dose of acupuncture therapy with optimal intervention parameters and time table has also long been neglected and is now urgent. The dose of acupuncture depends on stimulation parameters: force/intensity and speed/frequency of manual acupuncture (MA) or electroacupuncture (EA) and time table (number of treatment sessions and duration). Various frequencies and intensities of MA and EA stimulation have been utilized in individual research. Different acupuncture treatment sessions (once, twice, three to five times per week) and periods (4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks) have been used in these clinical trials. One clinical trial using one session of needle acupuncture and laser at 12 weeks (8 to 12 treated sessions) did not improve pain in patients with chronic knee pain but similar trials of osteoarthritis knee have significant effects of pain improvement after biweekly sessions of needle acupuncture for 8 weeks of treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions and Relevance\u0000Determining a right treatment regimen on correct acupuncture point(s) for acupuncture is a critical first step for acupuncture clinical trials. Appropriate acupuncture parameters such as acupuncture stimulation technique, treatment sessions, and treatment duration must be considered in acupuncture clinical trials. An adequate dose of acupuncture for clinical trials should be established following dose finding workshops for acupuncture before the studies, which not only improve the therapeutic effects of the therapies but also allow the comparisons between trials and between the acupuncture community/practice and trial studies.","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"6 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46722577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective analysis of commonly prescribed medications and the risk of developing breast cancer related lymphedema.","authors":"Eelco Fj Meijer,&nbsp;Echoe M Bouta,&nbsp;Clive Mendonca,&nbsp;Melissa N Skolny,&nbsp;Laura W Salama,&nbsp;Alphonse G Taghian,&nbsp;Timothy P Padera","doi":"10.15761/crt.1000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/crt.1000293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) is a common complication of current breast cancer treatment modalities, significantly lowering quality of life for these patients and often leading to recurrent infections. Here, based on pre-clinical literature, we aim to retrospectively evaluate the risks of prescribed medications on BCRL development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All post-operative breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy from 2005-2013 at Massachusetts General Hospital and developed lymphedema(n=115) were included in the analysis. Comparable patients without lymphedema(n=230) were randomly selected as control. The following classes of medications were analyzed: NSAIDs, corticosteroids, angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and hormonal therapy. Known risk factors for lymphedema development were included as variables, including BMI, age at diagnosis, type of surgery, number of lymph nodes removed and radiation therapy. Outcomes were BCRL development and lymphedema severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Similarly, to previous studies, we found that an increase in BMI increases the risk of BCRL(p=0.006) and axillary lymph node dissection has a higher risk of developing BCRL compared to sentinel lymph node biopsy(p=0.045). None of the drugs studied increased the risk of BCRL development or lymphedema severity. However, lymphedema severity was positively correlated with the number of lymph nodes removed(p=0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-hypertensive drugs and hormonal therapy taken during the year postoperatively do not increase the risk of BCRL development or lymphedema severity in breast cancer patients. While others have demonstrated that the number of lymph nodes removed during surgery increases the risk of BCRL, we found it also correlates to lymphedema severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":90808,"journal":{"name":"Clinical research and trials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38325599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}