BMJ Open Respiratory Research最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in the MENA region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Oumar Abakar Mahamed, Noussissy Sandokane Hounnoukon, Soraya Laraqui Houssaini, Imane El Faziki, Meryeme Kirat, Karima El Rhazi","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a constraining challenge for tuberculosis (TB) control worldwide. The Middle East and North African (MENA) region represents a significant part of the global MDR-TB burden.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate the pooled prevalence of MDR-TB and its determinants in the MENA region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for studies published in English and French on the subject up to 31 January 2026 on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane, without time restriction. Original studies reporting data on the prevalence of MDR-TB in individuals living in the MENA region were selected. The meta-analysis was done using the random effects model considering the heterogeneity among the included studies and <i>I</i> ^<i>2</i> statistic was used to assess the heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1239 articles were identified and 25 studies from 6 countries were included in this review. The prevalence of MDR-TB in the MENA region ranged from 0% (95% CI 0% to 4.1%) to 17.1% (95% CI 10.6% to 25.4%). The pooled prevalence was 3.54% (95% CI 2.18% to 5.72%) with a high heterogeneity, <i>I²</i> =95.6%; 95% CI 94.4% to 96.5%. Previous exposition to TB treatment, HIV infection, smoking and the presence of comorbidities were the most reported associated factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review underscores the persistence of MDR-TB in the MENA region, suggesting insufficiency in TB control. Multisectoral interventions integrating strong prevention measures, standardised treatment protocols and measures to enhance treatment adherence should be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference values for maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂max) in Sri Lankan young population aged 20-25 years.","authors":"Rajapaksha Mudiyanselage Nethmi Nuwangi Jayasinghe, Chandrasegaran Anne Mathushani, Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Sajeewa Sriyadari Kusumsiri, Srikantharajah Hasviny, Korala Liyanage Hirushan Savindu Liyanage, Jayaweera Arachchige Ishanka Panchani Nayanathara, Naleem Fathima Nahthiya, Victor Micheal Benedict Kavinda Tharani Malwanage, Dasanayaka Arachchillage Renuka Kusum Dasanayaka","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular endurance, as measured by maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂max), is an important indicator of overall physical fitness and cardiovascular health. While VO₂max reference values exist for Western and Indian populations, Sri Lanka lacks specific data, which may lead to inaccuracies in assessing and interpreting cardiovascular fitness among young adults in the country.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to establish reference values for VO₂max among young adults in Sri Lanka and to compare these values with the standards of Western, Indian and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 685 healthy undergraduates aged 20-25 years from various faculties of the University of Peradeniya. VO₂max was assessed using the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) 3-minute step test. The collected data were analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics V.22 to determine VO₂max percentiles and to identify significant differences between Sri Lankan, Western, Indian and ACSM reference standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found mean±SD (SD) VO₂max of 45.05±3.13 mL/kg/min for males and 36.02±2.49 mL/kg/min for females. Sri Lankan VO₂max values were generally comparable to Indian standards but significantly lower than Western values (p<0.05). Percentile analysis further classified VO₂max values for males and females, establishing performance ranging from 'very poor' to 'superior' according to the ACSM guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides reference values for VO₂max in Sri Lankan young adults, supporting more accurate cardiovascular fitness assessments in clinical and fitness settings. These findings reveal significant differences in aerobic capacity across Sri Lankan and Western populations, as well as similarities between Sri Lankan and Indian populations. This study should be further improved to represent the entire population across all age groups in Sri Lanka, thereby enabling the development of more accurate, separate reference standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding inhaler users' perceptions of climate change and inhaler carbon footprints: insights from a Canadian survey.","authors":"Stacey J Butler, Geneviève C Digby, Caitlin Roy, Sze Man Tse, Shellyza Sajwani, Jill Hubick, Carolyn McCoy, Ivy Lam, Alexander Singer, Alan Kaplan, Eva Leek, Sakina Walji, Valeria Stoynova, Erika Penz, Samir Gupta","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with lung diseases are vulnerable to climate change, yet metered dose inhalers (MDIs) have significant climate impacts. We sought to understand inhaler users' perspectives on climate change and awareness of inhaler climate implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Canadians (aged ≥16 years) who reported using an inhaler in the previous 6 months were invited via health organisations' newsletters to complete an online survey (November 2024-March 2025). Multivariate regression models assessed the association between sociodemographic factors and climate change risk perception, disposal practices and awareness of inhaler climate implications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 343 respondents (median age 71 years (IQR: 64-76 years), 65% female, 80% MDI users). Individuals were concerned (45%) or very concerned (39%) about climate change, but only 20% were previously aware of inhaler climate implications. Advancing age (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.74) was associated with being unaware of inhaler climate implications, while a university education (OR 4.86, 95% CI 1.77 to 16.62) and living in a large urban area (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.21 to 7.45) were associated with greater awareness. Most respondents reported disposing of their inhalers in garbage or recycling bins (70%) and provincial pharmacy return programmes were underused (27%) when available. Nearly all MDI users (92%) were willing to switch to a lower carbon footprint device. Advice from healthcare providers was valued in supporting treatment decisions.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Inhaler users are concerned about climate change but lack awareness of inhaler climate impacts. Sustainability interventions that promote education, safe use of low carbon devices and recycling could reduce inhaler-related climate impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a risk stratification model for sarcopenia in patients with chronic lung disease: a cross-sectional study based on CHARLS data.","authors":"Lingpin Pang, Siyan Xu, Bozhi Zhong, Tao Huang, Qian Xian, Chunlan Yang, Wenjia Lin, Haowen Pang, Zhirui Chen, Hui Miao, Yingxin Wang, Hui Chen, Xishi Sun, Jie Sun","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning-based stratification model to identify high-risk individuals for sarcopenia among patients with chronic lung disease (CLD), thereby facilitating early personalised management of this complication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 1833 complete patient records with CLD diagnoses from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study dataset, comprising 388 sarcopenia cases and 1445 non-sarcopenia controls. 17 variables were collected, including demographic characteristics (age, gender, waist circumference, education level), lifestyle factors and chronic comorbidities. Data were split into training and test sets (7:3 ratio). Variables were screened using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and six machine learning algorithms were employed to construct and validate stratification models, with performance evaluated through multiple metrics. Temporal validation (n=1205) and SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis ensured robustness and interpretability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All six machine learning algorithms demonstrated excellent performance in both the training and test sets, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Among them, eXtreme Gradient Boosting achieved the highest overall performance (area under the curve=0.93). The feature importance analysis identified waist circumference, age and gender as the three most significant predictors of sarcopenia in patients with CLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study developed an interpretable machine learning-based risk stratification model for sarcopenia in patients with CLD. The model may serve as a novel clinical tool to support early personalised interventions and improve patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Practices of high-flow nasal therapy in acute and chronic respiratory failure: the Hi-Flow Survey.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003547corr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003547corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Two distinct healthcare utilisation trajectories prior to a COPD diagnosis in a multi-ethnic asian population: a comparison of transient and chronic users.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003686corr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003686corr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a risk stratification tool for predicting COPD exacerbations in patients without prior exacerbation history.","authors":"Yi-Luen Shen, Chien-Wen Huang, Yao-Tung Wang, Chun Hui, Yi-An Hsieh, Hung-Ling Huang, Meng-Hsuan Cheng, Chau-Chyun Sheu, Inn-Wen Chong, Wei-Chang Huang","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-004016","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-004016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute exacerbations (AEs) drive disease progression and healthcare burden in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although prior AE history is the strongest predictor of future events, it cannot guide risk assessment in AE-naïve patients, highlighting the need for new prediction tools.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this retrospective multicentre cohort study, we enrolled training and validation cohorts from five hospitals. Baseline demographics, symptom scores, spirometry, blood eosinophils and comorbidities were extracted from electronic records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors and convert into score-based models.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The training and validation cohorts included 310 and 86 AE-naïve patients with COPD, respectively. Independent predictors of 1-year AEs included coexisting asthma, modified Medical Research Council score ≥2, blood eosinophils ≥2%, per cent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s <50% and cardiovascular comorbidities (ie, heart failure and ischaemic cerebrovascular events). Three models were developed with areas under receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.727 to 0.750 and 0.717 to 0.728 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. At the optimal cutoffs, the sensitivity ranged from 76.7% to 88.2% and specificity from 42.0% to 65.7%. Risk stratification separated patients into low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk groups in validation cohort, with increasing AE rates (0.10, 0.43 and 0.86 events/year, respectively; P for trend=0.0047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By incorporating baseline AE history, the externally validated, score-based prediction models provide a practical tool to estimate 1-year AE risk in patients with COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Assessment and Takotsubo-stunning among COPD-exacerbations in-Hospital (CATCH study): when the lungs break your heart-protocol for a prospective observational cohort study.","authors":"Rickard Zeijlon, Sara Zooq, Angela Poller, Lowie Vanfleteren, Linnea Molander, Axel Andersson, Mazdak Tavoly, Peter Hällgren Nordhage, Emma Westerlind, N David Åberg, Johan Lönnbro, Micael Oliveira Diniz, Kanya Said, Per Thysell, Sandeep Jha, Tore Hedbäck, Roxana Mincheva, Johan-Emil Bager","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-004079","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-004079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) may cause stress-induced transient acute cardiac dysfunction through myocardial stunning, in the form of exacerbation-triggered Takotsubo syndrome (referred to as Takotsubo stunning). Although prior studies suggest an association between AECOPD and transient cardiac dysfunction, existing evidence is limited to retrospective cohorts, case reports and expert consensus. Therefore, the incidence and clinical impact of Takotsubo stunning with acute heart failure (AHF) during AECOPD remain unknown and may be overlooked due to overlapping clinical symptoms. Cardiac Assessment and Takotsubo-stunning among COPD-exacerbations in-Hospital (CATCH study) aims to determine the incidence of Takotsubo stunning during AECOPD and to evaluate its clinical implication.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>CATCH is a prospective observational cohort study enrolling adults (≥18 years) admitted for AECOPD at Sahlgrenska University Hospital (Gothenburg, Sweden). Participants with chronic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%), pre-existing chronic regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) or prior type 1 myocardial infarction are excluded. Following informed consent, participants undergo echocardiographic screening for RWMA and/or systolic left ventricular dysfunction. Screening-positive patients have follow-up echocardiography at 24 hours (±6) and 30 days (±48 hours). Those with reversible dysfunction constitute the CATCH case group, while screening-negative participants serve as controls. Additional assessments include ECG, chest X-ray, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide blood analysis and COPD severity. Primary outcomes include the incidence of reversible RWMA or left ventricular dysfunction (proxy for Takotsubo stunning) and in-hospital clinical signs of AHF (Killip class >1). A sample size of 150 patients is required for detecting AHF differences (α=0.05, 80% power).</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>The study received ethical approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. All participants provided written informed consent. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific meetings.</p><p><strong>Registration details: </strong>The CATCH study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06597331). The reference number for ethical approval is 2024-02071-01 (with addenda 2024-05448-02 and 2025-05861-02).</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community pharmacy and lung cancer: a service innovation pilot using community pharmacy across Leeds to signpost patients with symptoms of possible lung cancers towards a patient self-request chest X-ray service.","authors":"Andrew Walker, Stephen H Bradley, Tom Daniels, Bobby S K Bhartia, Matthew E J Callister","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003964","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survival rates from lung cancer in the UK are inferior to those experienced in other high-income countries. Improving access to investigations for people with symptoms may offer some utility to address this. This pilot investigated the potential of community pharmacy to identify and signpost people with symptoms of possible lung cancer towards an existing self-request chest X-ray service (SRCXRS) in Leeds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All community pharmacies across Leeds were invited to participate in this pilot. 27 completed necessary staff training and signposted people with symptoms of possible lung cancer towards the SRCXRS between March and September 2024. Eligibility was assessed using the existing SRCXRS criteria. Limited non-identifiable data were captured regarding the basic demographics, symptoms and medication history of people signposted. People who were signposted were provided with a unique numbered card to facilitate analysis of attendance data. Pharmacy data were used in conjunction with routinely collected attendance data from the SRCXRS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>491 people were signposted by community pharmacies (2.83 patients/pharmacy/month). 32 people signposted attended the SRCXRS. All fulfilled the eligibility criteria to receive a chest X-ray. Nine attended with the unique number card. There was no clear evidence of difference in likelihood to attend based on Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) status (IMD 1-5=6.06% vs IMD 6-10=6.92%, relative risk=0.88 p=0.7) or age (p=0.42). Route to attendance data was not collected in 34.9% (n=235) of all attendees of the SRCXR during the pilot period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot demonstrates that pharmacies were able to successfully identify and signpost people with symptoms of possible lung cancer. Results indicate that using community pharmacies in this capacity did not impact the likelihood of signposted patients to attend the SRCXRS based on age or IMD status. The reported outcomes are limited by a significant proportion of incomplete data regarding patients' route to attendance at the SRCXRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of persistent tuberculosis-related symptoms 6 months after treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis.","authors":"Sangjun Park, Chaeuk Chung, Sung Soo Jung, Sung-Soon Lee, Ki Man Lee, Yoolwon Jeong, Jinsoo Min","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The frequency and determinants of persistent symptoms after microbiological cure remain incompletely defined in pulmonary tuberculosis. We aimed to determine the prevalence of persistent tuberculosis-related symptoms 6 months after treatment initiation and identify associated predisposing factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from the prospective observational cohort study, enrolling adults treated for pulmonary tuberculosis at three tertiary hospitals in Korea between 2016 and 2018. Demographic, clinical and radiographic data, and symptoms were assessed using a standardised symptom checklist at baseline and at 2-month and 6-month follow-up visits. Symptom persistence was defined as the presence of any tuberculosis-related symptom at the 6-month visit. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with persistent symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 354 participants (61% men, mean age of 58.5±19.4 years), symptom prevalence decreased from 80.2% at baseline to 25.1% at 6 months. Cough (14.4 %) and dyspnoea (7.6 %) were the most common persistent symptoms. Independent predictors of persistent symptoms included foreign nationality (adjusted OR (aOR) 5.586; 95% CI 1.618 to 19.28), chronic lung disease (aOR 5.034; 95% CI 1.995 to 13.26), presence of tuberculosis-related symptoms at 2 months (aOR 3.195; 95% CI 1.833 to 5.685) and bilateral infiltration on chest X-ray (aOR 1.933; 95% CI 1.018 to 3.650) in the multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant proportion of patients experience persistent tuberculosis-related symptoms even 6 months after treatment initiation. These findings highlight the need for ongoing clinical assessment and post-treatment care to address residual symptom burden following pulmonary tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}