BMJ Open Respiratory Research最新文献

{"title":"Validity and reliability of outcome measures to assess dysfunctional breathing: a systematic review","authors":"Vikram Mohan, Chandrasekar Rathinam, Derick Yates, Aatit Paungmali, Christopher Boos","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001884","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aimed to systematically review the psychometric properties of outcome measures that assess dysfunctional breathing (DB) in adults. Methods Studies on developing and evaluating measurement properties to assess DB were included. The study investigated the empirical research published between 1990 and February 2022, with an updated search in May 2023 in the Cochrane Library database of systematic reviews and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Ovid Medline (full), the Ovid Excerta Medica Database, the Ovid allied and complementary medicines database, the Ebscohost Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database. The included studies’ methodological quality was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) risk of bias checklist. Data analysis and synthesis followed the COSMIN methodology for reviews of outcome measurement instruments. Results Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and 10 outcome measures were identified. The psychometric properties of these outcome measures were evaluated using COSMIN. The Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) is the only outcome measure with ‘sufficient’ ratings for content validity, internal consistency, reliability and construct validity. All other outcome measures did not report characteristics of content validity in the patients’ group. Discussion The NQ showed high-quality evidence for validity and reliability in assessing DB. Our review suggests that using NQ to evaluate DB in people with bronchial asthma and hyperventilation syndrome is helpful. Further evaluation of the psychometric properties is needed for the remaining outcome measures before considering them for clinical use. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021274960. Data are available in a public, open access repository. All the relevant data were available at <https://osf.io/49hju/>.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140611867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal modeling with low-dose CT and clinical information for diagnostic artificial intelligence on mediastinal tumors: a preliminary study","authors":"Daisuke Yamada, Fumitsugu Kojima, Yujiro Otsuka, Kouhei Kawakami, Naoki Koishi, Ken Oba, Toru Bando, Masaki Matsusako, Yasuyuki Kurihara","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002249","url":null,"abstract":"Background Diagnosing mediastinal tumours, including incidental lesions, using low-dose CT (LDCT) performed for lung cancer screening, is challenging. It often requires additional invasive and costly tests for proper characterisation and surgical planning. This indicates the need for a more efficient and patient-centred approach, suggesting a gap in the existing diagnostic methods and the potential for artificial intelligence technologies to address this gap. This study aimed to create a multimodal hybrid transformer model using the Vision Transformer that leverages LDCT features and clinical data to improve surgical decision-making for patients with incidentally detected mediastinal tumours. Methods This retrospective study analysed patients with mediastinal tumours between 2010 and 2021. Patients eligible for surgery (n=30) were considered ‘positive,’ whereas those without tumour enlargement (n=32) were considered ‘negative.’ We developed a hybrid model combining a convolutional neural network with a transformer to integrate imaging and clinical data. The dataset was split in a 5:3:2 ratio for training, validation and testing. The model’s efficacy was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis across 25 iterations of random assignments and compared against conventional radiomics models and models excluding clinical data. Results The multimodal hybrid model demonstrated a mean area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90, significantly outperforming the non-clinical data model (AUC=0.86, p=0.04) and radiomics models (random forest AUC=0.81, p=0.008; logistic regression AUC=0.77, p=0.004). Conclusion Integrating clinical and LDCT data using a hybrid transformer model can improve surgical decision-making for mediastinal tumours, showing superiority over models lacking clinical data integration. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic pathway for patients with interstitial lung disease: a mixed-methods study of patients and physicians","authors":"Amanda Grant-Orser, Charlotte Pooler, Nathan Archibald, Charlene Fell, Giovanni Ferrara, Kerri A Johannson, Meena Kalluri","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002333","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The diagnostic process for patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) remains complex. The aim of this study was to characterise the diagnostic care pathway and identify barriers and potential solutions to access a timely and accurate ILD diagnosis. Design This mixed-method study was comprised of a quantitative chart review, patient and physician surveys and focus groups. Results Chart review was completed for 97 patients. Median time from symptom onset to ILD diagnosis was 12.0 (IQR 20.5) months, with 46% diagnosed within 1 year. Time from first computed tomography (CT) scan to respirology referral was 2.4 (IQR 21.2) months. Referrals with a prior CT were triaged sooner than referrals without (1.7±1.6 months vs 3.9±3.3 months, p=0.013, 95% CI 0.48 to 2.94). On patient surveys (n=70), 51% felt that their lung disease was not recognised early enough. Commonly reported challenges to timely diagnosis included delayed presentation to primary care, initial misdiagnoses and long wait-times for specialists. Forty-five per cent of physicians (n=20) identified diagnostic delays, attributed to delayed presentations to primary care (58%), initial misdiagnoses (67%) and delayed chest imaging (75%). Themes from patient and respirologist focus groups included patient-related, healthcare provider-related and system-related factors leading to delays in diagnosis. Conclusions This mixed-methods study identified patient and system-related factors that contribute to diagnostic delays for patients with ILD, with most delays occurring prior to respirology referral. ILD awareness and education, earlier presentation to primary care, expedited access to chest imaging and earlier referral to respirology may expedite diagnosis. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the truth: is COVID-19 reimbursement in Colombia a flawed design? A cost-of-illness analysis for moderate, severe and critical infections","authors":"Liliana Fernandez-Trujillo, Saveria Sangiovanni, Ana Isabel Castrillon, Lina Hincapie-Zapata, Lina Maria Góez-Mogollón, Marcela Brun Vergara, Sergio I Prada","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002097","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This study examines the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Colombian Health System, focusing on the adequacy of reimbursement rates for inpatient stays. The study, based on a cost of illness analysis, aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the reimbursement scheme and identify potential economic losses within the health system. Patients and methods The study protocol outlines the inclusion criteria for patients >18 years with confirmed COVID-19 infection and moderate to critical disease. Patients hospitalised between June 2020 and June 2021 for at least 24 hours were included. Exclusion criteria involved pregnant patients and those initially hospitalised for non-COVID-19. Results The study included 781 patients contributing to 790 hospitalisations. Demographic and clinical characteristics were analysed, with critical illness being the most prevalent category (61%). The overall mortality rate was 20.3%, primarily observed in critically ill patients. In the general ward for moderate cases, the reimbursement rate saw a substantial increase from US$3237 in 2020 to US$6760 in 2021, surpassing median resource utilisation. However, for severe cases in the intermediate care unit, reimbursement rates decreased, indicating potential insufficiency in covering costs. In the intensive care unit for critical cases, despite improved reimbursement rates, median resource utilisation still exceeds the 2021 rate, suggesting financial insufficiency in reimbursement rates. Conclusion Our study underscores the inadequacies of the previous reimbursement system in addressing the varying resource utilisation and costs associated with COVID-19 inpatient care. Our analysis reveals substantial discrepancies between estimated costs and actual resource utilisation, particularly for severe and critical cases. We advocate for government flexibility in revising reimbursement baskets, supported by pilot studies to assess effectiveness. The use of real-world evidence forms a crucial basis for informed adjustments to reimbursement levels in preparation for future pandemics. This proactive approach ensures alignment between reimbursement policies and the actual costs associated. Data are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suboptimal peak inspiratory flow rate: a noticeable risk factor for inhaler concordance in patients with chronic airway diseases","authors":"Weiwei Meng, Ruoyan Xiong, Zhiqi Zhao, Huihui Zeng, Yan Chen","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001981","url":null,"abstract":"Background Inhaler concordance and the peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) are important determinants of treatment effects in patients with chronic airway diseases. Adequate PIFR is required for driving aerosol medication into the lower respiratory tract. However, the relationship between them has not been discussed previously. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of inhaler concordance and PIFR in Chinese patients with chronic airway diseases and discuss the associated variables and the relationship between them. Methods In this single-centre, observational study, a total of 680 patients with chronic airway diseases were enrolled from July 2021 to April 2023. We collected data on the socio-demographic and clinical variables of inhaler concordance using the test of adherence to inhalers (TAI) and PIFR. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine variables related to inhaler concordance and PIFR. Results A total of 49.4% of patients had low concordance. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were more concordant than patients with asthma (mean TAI score: 43.60 vs 41.20; p<0.01), while there was no difference in concordance between the asthma-COPD overlap group and the asthma or COPD group. Suboptimal PIFR (adjusted OR, 1.61; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.51) increased the risk of poor concordance among all patients, while triple therapy (adjusted OR, 0.60; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.86) reduced the risk. A total of 54.9% of patients had suboptimal PIFR. Older age, lower educational level, use of dry powder inhalers and lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted were significantly correlated with insufficient PIFR. Subgroup analysis revealed a greater proportion of patients with insufficient PIFR during exacerbation than during the stable phase (61.7% vs 43.5%, p<0.001). Conclusion Inhaler concordance was low, and suboptimal PIFR was a risk factor for poor concordance among Chinese patients with chronic airway diseases. In addition, current inhalation devices may not be suitable, and PIFR reassessment should be considered for patients with COPD during exacerbation. Trial registration number The study was registered in chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100052527) on 31 October 2021. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the causal role of physical activity and leisure sedentary behaviours with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Mendelian randomisation study","authors":"Lu Xiao, Weina Li, Fawei Li, Xingjuan Chen, Yun Xu, Ying Hu, Yingkun Fu, Ling Feng","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001879","url":null,"abstract":"Background Observational studies show that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) tend to be sedentary during leisure time. Physical activity (PA) may reduce the risk of COPD, but the causal relationship is unclear. We used a Mendelian randomisation (MR) method to elucidate the association of leisure sedentary behaviours (LSB) and PA with lung function and COPD. Methods Data on LSB (n=422 218), PA (n=608 595), COPD (n=299 929) and lung function (n=79 055) were obtained from the large-scale genome-wide association study. Causal inference used inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy, and radial MR was used to distinguish outliers. The primary outcome was analysed by multifactorial MR adjusted for daily smoking. Results The inverse variance weighted analysis indicated that increased moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) is associated with higher levels of forced vital capacity (FVC) (beta=0.27, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.42; p=3.51×10–4). For each increment of 2.8 hours in television watching, the odds of COPD were 2.25 times greater (OR=2.25; 95% CI 1.84 to 2.75; p=2.38×10–15). For early-onset COPD, the odds were 2.11 times greater (OR=2.11; 95% CI 1.56 to 2.85; p=1.06×10–6), and for late-onset COPD, the odds were 2.16 times greater (OR=2.16; 95% CI 1.64 to 2.84; p=3.12×10–8). Similarly, the odds of hospitalisation for COPD were 2.02 times greater with increased television watching (OR=2.02; 95% CI 1.59 to 2.55; p=4.68×10–9). Television watching was associated with lower FVC (beta=−0.19, 95% CI −0.28 to −0.10; p=1.54×10–5) and forced expiratory volume in the 1 s (FEV1) (beta=−0.16, 95% CI −0.25 to −0.08; p=1.21×10–4) levels. The results remained significant after adjustment for smoking. Conclusions Our study suggests a potential association with LSB, particularly television watching, is associated with higher odds of COPD and lower indices of lung function as measured continuously, including FEV1 and FVC. Conversely, an increase in MVPA is associated with higher indices of lung function, particularly reflected in increased FVC levels. Data are available in a public, open access repository. All data are from the publicly available GWAS. COPD-related data can be downloaded from <https://www.finngen.fi/en>; physical activity and lung function-related data can be downloaded from <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory-related deaths and associated factors in Alicho-Weriro district, southern Ethiopia: verbal autopsy data analysis","authors":"Netsanet Belete, Sebsibe Tadesse, Mulugeta Hailu","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002032","url":null,"abstract":"Background Respiratory diseases disproportionately affect people living in resource-limited settings. However, obtaining information that explains respiratory-related deaths has been difficult, mainly due to a lack of medical certification of death and the fact that most deaths occur outside of health institutions. This study aimed to determine the proportion of respiratory-related deaths and identify associated factors in Alicho-Weriro district, southern Ethiopia, using the verbal autopsy method. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2022. All deceased people in the study area from January 2020 to December 2021 were included in the study. Trained physicians ascertained the cause of death from verbal autopsy data that were collected using a pre-tested and modified WHO-designed questionnaire. The binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with respiratory-related deaths. Results Respiratory-related deaths accounted for 25% of the deaths from all causes, with 20.8% of male and 29.5% of female deaths. Of which, 9.7% were from tuberculosis, 8.3% were from asthma and 6.2% were from acute lower-respiratory tract infections. Moreover, being female (adjusted OR, AOR: 3.3; 95% CI: (1.75 to 6.22)), age 50–64 years (AOR: 9.3; 95% CI: (1.16 to 73.90)), age above 64 years (AOR: 8.9; 95% CI: (1.130 to 70.79)), family size of five persons or more (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI: (1.15 to 3.29)), smoking (AOR: 3.9; 95% CI: (1.86 to 8.35)), using wood and/or animal dung for household cooking (AOR: 6.6; 95% CI: (1.92 to 22.59)) and poor house ventilation (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: (1.75 to 5.38)) were significantly associated with increased odds of dying from respiratory-related diseases. Conclusion This study has determined that about a quarter of deaths from all causes were due to respiratory diseases, mainly tuberculosis, asthma and acute lower respiratory tract infections. Therefore, interventions to reduce this burden should focus on supporting early case detection and treatment, promoting healthy lifestyles, exercising women’s equality at the household level and improving housing conditions. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of blood eosinophils with corticosteroid treatment failure stratified by smoking status among inpatients with AECOPD","authors":"Jiachen Li, Yingting Zuo, Lin Feng, Yutong Samuel Cai, Jian Su, Zhaohui Tong, Lirong Liang","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001634","url":null,"abstract":"Background Recent studies have suggested elevated blood eosinophils are independent predictors of response to corticosteroid therapy in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Smoking status has been shown to affect corticosteroid response. Whether the association between high blood eosinophils and corticosteroid treatment failure is modified by smoking has not been fully investigated so far. Objectives This study aimed to assess whether the association between high blood eosinophils and corticosteroid treatment failure is modified by smoking. Methods We included 3402 inpatients with AECOPD treated with corticosteroids at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from July 2013 to June 2021. Blood eosinophil counts were measured within 24 hours of admission. An eosinophil percentage ≥2% was considered as high eosinophilic. Smokers in this study were defined as current or former smokers. Treatment failure was defined as a worsening of AECOPD that led to adverse clinical outcomes or required further treatment or an extended hospital stay or hospitalisation following the exacerbation. Multivariate-adjusted logistic models were used to estimate the OR and 95% CI associated with treatment failure. Results There were 958 (28.2%) treatment failure events occurring. Patients with high eosinophils had a lower risk of treatment failure (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.87) than patients with low eosinophils. Compared with never smoking and low eosinophilic group, the ORs for treatment failure were 0.70 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.96) for never smoking and high eosinophilic group, 0.82 (95% CI 0.64 to 1.05) for smoking and low eosinophilic group and 0.62 (95% CI 0.47 to 0.81) for smoking and high eosinophilic group. Furthermore, there was no significant interaction between eosinophils and smoking status in relation to treatment failure (p for interaction=0.73). Similar results were obtained from multiple secondary outcomes and subgroup analyses. Conclusion Elevated blood eosinophils are associated with a lower rate of corticosteroid treatment failure, regardless of smoking status. Smoking does not modify the association between blood eosinophil level and corticosteroid treatment failure among inpatients with AECOPD. Data are available on reasonable request. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of severe exacerbations, healthcare resource utilisation and clinical outcomes in patients with COPD in low-income and middle-income countries: results from the EXACOS International Study","authors":"Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio, Laura Bernal Villada, Sergey N Avdeev, Hao-Chien Wang, Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas, Martín Sivori, Jorge Dreyse, Manuel Pacheco, Sin Kit Man, Lorena Noriega-Aguirre, Hisham Farouk","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The EXAcerbations of Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and their OutcomeS (EXACOS) International Study aimed to quantify the rate of severe exacerbations and examine healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and clinical outcomes in patients with COPD from low-income and middle-income countries. Methods EXACOS International was an observational, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from medical records for a period of up to 5 years. Data were collected from 12 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Mexico, Panama, Russia and Taiwan. The study population comprised patients ≥40 years of age with COPD. Outcomes/variables included the prevalence of severe exacerbations, the annual rate of severe exacerbations and time between severe exacerbations; change in lung function over time (measured by the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)); peripheral blood eosinophil counts (BECs) and the prevalence of comorbidities; treatment patterns; and HCRU. Results In total, 1702 patients were included in the study. The study population had a mean age of 69.7 years, with 69.4% males, and a mean body mass index of 26.4 kg/m2. The mean annual prevalence of severe exacerbations was 20.1%, and 48.4% of patients experienced ≥1 severe exacerbation during the 5-year study period. As the number of severe exacerbations increased, the interval between successive exacerbations decreased. A statistically significant decrease in mean (SD) FEV1 from baseline to post-baseline was observed in patients with ≥1 severe exacerbation (1.23 (0.51) to 1.13 (0.52) L; p=0.0000). Mean BEC was 0.198 x109 cells/L, with 64.7% of patients having a BEC ≥0.1 x109 cells/L and 21.3% having a BEC ≥0.3 x109 cells/L. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (58.3%). An increasing number of severe exacerbations per year was associated with greater HCRU. Discussion The findings presented here indicate that effective treatment strategies to prevent severe exacerbations in patients with COPD remain a significant unmet need in low-income and middle-income countries. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data underlying the findings described in this manuscript may be obtained in accordance with AstraZeneca’s data-sharing policy described at: <https://astrazenecagrouptrials.pharmacm.com/ST/Submission/Disclosure>. Data for studies directly listed on Vivli can be requested through Vivli at www.vivli.org. Data for studies not listed on Vivli could be requested through Vivli at <https://vivli.org/members/enquiries-about-studies-not-listed-on-the-vivli-platform/>. The AstraZeneca Vivli member page is also available, outlining further details: <https://vivli.org/ourmember/astrazeneca/>.","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung fluid content during 6MWT in patients with COPD with and without comorbid heart failure.","authors":"Chun-Ta Huang, Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Yi-Ju Tsai, Jung-Yien Chien, Chong-Jen Yu","doi":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002000","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Impact of lung fluid content changing during exercise has not been investigated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using a novel point-of-care measurement system (remote dielectric sensing (ReDS) system), we aimed to investigate changes in lung fluid content before and after 6-minute walk test (6MWT); especially, differences between patients with and without comorbid heart failure (HF) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From June 2021 to July 2022, patients with COPD referred for 6MWT were prospectively enrolled. Measurements of lung fluid content by ReDS were conducted before and after 6MWT. Data on demographics, exacerbation history, spirometry and 6MWT were collected. Patients were also assessed for comorbid HF by cardiovascular evaluation. The main variables of interest were pre-6MWT ReDS, post-6MWT ReDS and post-pre ∆ReDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 133 patients with COPD were included. Comparisons between patients with COPD with and without HF indicated similar pre-6MWT ReDS (26.9%±5.9% vs 26.5%±4.7%; p=0.751), but a significant difference in post-6MWT ReDS (29.7%±6.3% vs 25.7%±5.3%; p=0.002). Patients with COPD without HF exhibited a significant decrease in post-6MWT ReDS (from 26.5% to 25.7%; paired t-test p=0.001); conversely, those with HF displayed a remarkable increase in post-6MWT ReDS (from 26.9% to 29.7%; paired t-test p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.82 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.93) for post-pre ∆ReDS in differentiating between patients with COPD with and without HF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dynamic changes in lung fluid content prior to and following 6MWT significantly differed between patients with COPD with and without HF. Measurements of lung fluid content by ReDS during exercise testing may be of merit to identify patients with COPD with unrecognised HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":9048,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10982787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140329561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}