BioPsychoSocial Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Shitsu-taikan-sho (alexisomia): a historical review and its clinical importance.","authors":"Takakazu Oka","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00193-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00193-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Shitsu-taikan-sho\" is a clinical concept that refers to characteristics of having difficulty in the awareness and expression of somatic feelings or sensations. This concept was first proposed in 1979 by Dr. Yujiro Ikemi, the founder of psychosomatic medicine in Japan, as a characteristic observed in patients with psychosomatic diseases, i.e. physical diseases in which psychosocial factors are closely involved in their onset and progress. Soon after Dr. Ikemi introduced to Japan the concept of alexithymia, coined by P. E. Sifneos in 1973, he noticed that patients with psychosomatic diseases have difficulty in describing not only their emotions, but also somatic feelings and sensations. Dr. Ikemi proposed naming the concept of the trait of lacking somatic awareness \"shitsu-taikan-sho\" in Japanese (\"alexisomia\" in English), meaning \"shitsu\" a lack, \"taikan\" bodily feelings/sensations, and \"sho\" condition/symptoms. Dr. Ikemi observed characteristics of both alexithymia and alexisomia in patients with psychosomatic diseases, but considered alexisomia to have a more fundamental pathophysiological role in the understanding of psychosomatic diseases. He also emphasized the importance of treating alexisomia when treating psychosomatic diseases. Recently, alexisomia has again come into focus for various reasons. One is the availability of the Shitsu-taikan-sho Scale (STSS), a self-rating questionnaire to evaluate alexisomic tendency. Another is recent advances in basic research on interoception. The former will facilitate clinical studies on alexisomia, and the latter will enable a deeper understanding of alexisomia. This article is an overview of the historical development of the concept of alexisomia which was conceptualized by Dr. Ikemi, introduces the STSS, and discusses the current understanding and clinical importance of alexisomia in psychosomatic medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00193-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38440165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognosis and prevention measures for mental health in COVID-19 patients: through the experience of SARS.","authors":"Guo Heng Mo,&nbsp;Zi Xuan Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Si Chen,&nbsp;Qunguang Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00196-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00196-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the high pathogenicity and mortality, the COVID-19 disaster caused global panic and anxiety. At present, diagnosis and treatment are of great concern. As time progresses, however, the sequelae caused by many other organ system complications and treatments will become increasingly obvious, and psychosomatic symptoms are one of these changes with great potential impact. Studies have shown that symptoms like poor sleep quality, anxiety and even delirium are not uncommon in patients during isolation. By summarizing the follow-up study on mental and psychological health of SARS in the past 10 years, and combining the characteristics of the existing cases of COVID-19, we will provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of psychological diseases in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00196-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38418073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexithymia 3.0: reimagining alexithymia from a medical perspective","authors":"R. Lane","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00191-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00191-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00191-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49601169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective agnosia: a core affective processing deficit in the alexithymia spectrum","authors":"R. Lane, M. Solms, K. Weihs, Alex Hishaw, Ryan Smith","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00184-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00184-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00184-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a new Japanese version of the Clinical Impairment Assessment Questionnaire.","authors":"Takeshi Horie,&nbsp;Maiko Hiraide,&nbsp;Shu Takakura,&nbsp;Tomokazu Hata,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Sudo,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00194-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00194-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Clinical Impairment Assessment questionnaire (CIA) is used to measure the severity of psychosocial impairment in patients with eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to develop a new Japanese version of the CIA (CIA-J) and to evaluate its reliability and validity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We translated the sixteen items of the CIA into Japanese, back-translated them into English, and had them verified by a native English speaking professional editor. Participants were 152 Japanese-speaking patients (30.4 ± 10.6 years) under treatment for eating disorders and 173 healthy controls (29.5 ± 8.3 years). In addition to the CIA-J, the participants were asked to answer the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT26), The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). We performed confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the factor structure, calculated the Cronbach's alphas of the CIA-J to assess the reliability, and calculated the correlation coefficients between the CIA-J score and those of EAT26, PANAS, and HADS to assess concurrent validity. We also used a Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Steel-Dwass test to compare the scores of the subtypes of eating disorders and the healthy control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A three-factor structure was obtained, similar to the original version. The Cronbach's alphas of both the global and subscale scores of the CIA-J were high. The CIA-J had significant positive correlations with the EAT26, the negative affect subscale of the PANAS, and the HADS. The global and subscale scores for all subtypes of eating disorders were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CIA-J was determined to be reliable and valid for assessing the severity of psychosocial impairment in patients with eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00194-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38343129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Very long chain fatty acids are an important marker of nutritional status in patients with anorexia nervosa: a case control study.","authors":"Miki Shimizu,&nbsp;Keisuke Kawai,&nbsp;Makoto Yamashita,&nbsp;Masayasu Shoji,&nbsp;Shu Takakura,&nbsp;Tomokazu Hata,&nbsp;Megumi Nakashima,&nbsp;Keita Tatsushima,&nbsp;Kazunari Tanaka,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Sudo","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00192-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00192-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13030-020-00186-8.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00192-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38293591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of depression, loneliness and internet addiction levels in patients with acne vulgaris.","authors":"Coşkun Öztekin,&nbsp;Aynure Öztekin","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00190-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00190-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acne vulgaris is a very common skin disorder that has negative effects on the mood, self image and social relations of the patients. We want to evaluate the effects of acne vulgaris and its severity on depression, loneliness, internet addiction levels, and the quality of life of young adult females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred three female acne vulgaris patients and 202 healthy controls who admitted to the dermatology clinic of a university hospital formed the study sample. Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) was used to assess the severity of acne. The Young Internet Addiction Scale-Short Form (YIAS-SF), The Acne Quality of Life Scale (AQLS), The University of California Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to collect information about the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median BDI and the mean UCLA-LS and YIAS-SF scores were higher in the Acne group than those in the control group. The correlations between acne severity and the 3 scales were not significant but the correlations between AQLS and BDI, UCLA-LS, and YIAS-SF were highly significant. In multiple regression analysis, age and the BDI score predicted the YIAS-SF score significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the previous findings that acne vulgaris patients are prone to depression and loneliness, and expand these findings to the vulnerability against internet addiction. Loneliness and depression should be assessed and, if found, targeted by psychological means to prevent internet addiction in acne vulgaris patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00190-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38255772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of the Japanese translation of the Eating Disorders Quality of Life (ED-QOL) scale for Japanese healthy female university undergraduate students and patients with eating disorders.","authors":"Ryo Yoneda,&nbsp;Makoto Otani,&nbsp;Maiko Hiraide,&nbsp;Takeshi Horie,&nbsp;Tomoyo Mitsui,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Yoshida,&nbsp;Gen Komaki,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00189-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00189-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Eating Disorder Quality of Life (ED-QOL) scale is a 25-item self-report measure that assesses health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of eating-disorder patients. Although the ED-QOL is one of the most widely used questionnaires in many countries, no prior research has addressed the psychometric properties of the Japanese translation of the ED-QOL. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess its reliability and validity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 99 Japanese female eating disorder patients and 469 female healthy university undergraduate students completed the Japanese translation of the ED-QOL in addition to the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2). The patient group consisted of 37 patients with anorexia nervosa restricting type (AN-R), 35 patients with binge-eating/purge type (AN-BP), and 27 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). We performed confirmatory factor analyses on the ED-QOL subscales both for Japanese eating disorder patients and for healthy university undergraduate students. Reliability was assessed using internal consistency indicated by Cronbach alpha coefficients and convergent validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients. To assess group differences between the eating disorder patients and healthy university undergraduate students, Student's t-tests were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CFA showed that the CFI was .90 and RMSEA was .084 (90% confidence interval = .079-.088). The internal consistency of the ED-QOL varied from good to excellent. The EAT-26 total score and three subscales and the EDI-2 subscales had significant correlations with the ED-QOL global QOL score and four subscales. There were no significant correlations between the EDI-2 subscale \"Body Dissatisfaction\" and the ED-QOL subscales \"Physical/Cognitive\" and \"Work/School\". Eating disorder patients scored significantly higher than healthy university undergraduate students on all ED-QOL subscales and the global QOL score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on this study, the Japanese translation of the ED-QOL can be regarded as reliable, valid, and functional for female eating-disorder patients and female healthy university undergraduate students.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00189-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38249089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The accuracy of delirium assessment by cardiologists treating heart failure inpatients: a single center retrospective survey.","authors":"Anna Hayashi,&nbsp;Sayaka Kobayashi,&nbsp;Kentaro Matsui,&nbsp;Rie Akaho,&nbsp;Katsuji Nishimura","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00188-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00188-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with heart failure (HF) accompanied by delirium are at risk of rehospitalization and death, thus early detection and appropriate treatment is imperative. Palliative care for patients with HF is an important issue, particularly for patients who also have delirium. This retrospective study examined the accuracy of delirium assessment by cardiologists treating patients with HF, identified factors related to the detection of delirium, and recorded the initial treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective chart survey of 165 patients with HF referred to a consultation liaison (C-L) service during treatment in the cardiology wards of a general hospital over a 6-year period. Diagnosis of delirium by the C-L psychiatrists was based on DSM-IV-TR.Cases in which cardiologists had stated \"delirium\" in the medical records were classified as an accurate assessment of delirium (Agreement group). Cases in which cardiologists did not state \"delirium\" were classified as Disagreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 81 patients with delirium (51 [62.9%] male; 74.7 ± 13.3 years old), the ratio of accurate assessment of delirium by cardiologists was 50.6% (<i>n</i> = 41; Agreement group). Age, sex, and HF severity did not differ significantly between the two groups. Although disquietedness was identified most frequently (<i>n</i> = 59, 73%), only 33 of these 59 patients (55.9%) were recognized as having delirium by cardiologists.Inappropriate initial treatments were only noted in the Disagreement group. In both groups, most cases were referred to a C-L service without new medication for psychiatric symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An accurate assessment of the delirium of inpatients with HF by cardiologists was found in only around half of all cases. Accurate detection is important to avoid harmful drug administration and to provide appropriate palliative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00188-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38236816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very long chain fatty acids are an important marker of nutritional status in patients with anorexia nervosa: a case control study.","authors":"Miki Shimizu,&nbsp;Keisuke Kawai,&nbsp;Makoto Yamashita,&nbsp;Masayasu Shoji,&nbsp;Shu Takakura,&nbsp;Tomokazu Hata,&nbsp;Megumi Nakashima,&nbsp;Keita Tatsushima,&nbsp;Kazunari Tanaka,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Sudo","doi":"10.1186/s13030-020-00186-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00186-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disease resulting in extreme weight loss. It is caused by multiple factors, including psychosocial, environmental, and genetic factors. A genetic abnormality affecting lipid metabolism has been recently reported in patients with AN. However, it is unknown whether lipid metabolism abnormalities in AN are caused by eating behavior, undernutrition, and/or genetic factors. The meaning of lipid metabolism in AN remains unclear. In particular, differences in the profiles of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in patients with various types of AN have not been studied. This study aimed to determine changes to the fatty acid profile over a 3-month period, specifically that of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and VLCFAs in patients with various types of AN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated 69 female patients with AN, subclassified as AN-restricting type (AN-R) and AN-Binge-Eating/Purging type (AN-BP). On admission and after 3 months of treatment, height, weight, body mass index, plasma and serum parameters, and plasma fatty acid concentrations were measured in all patients. The control group included 25 healthy, age-matched women. Comparisons between the groups were made using one-way ANOVA, while those between the various parameters at admission and after 3 months within each group were made using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On admission, the AN-R and the AN-BP groups had significantly higher levels of 18-24C and > 14C fatty acids (LCFAs and VLCFAs, respectively) than the control group. After 3 months of treatment, both groups showed high levels of 14-24C fatty acids. The levels of VLCFAs (C22:0 and C24:0) and LCFA (C18:3) after 3 months of treatment remained high in both AN groups relative to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eating behaviors appear to be associated with levels of LCFAs. Lipid metabolism abnormalities under conditions of starvation in AN might have a genetic basis and appear to be associated with VLCFA (C22:0 and C24:0) and LCFA (C18:3) levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":9027,"journal":{"name":"BioPsychoSocial Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13030-020-00186-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38186147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}