Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)最新文献

{"title":"Comparable Outcome of Allogeneic versus Autologous Hematopoietic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Normal Karyotype and FLT3-ITD Negative","authors":"H. Mahmoud, A. El-Haddad, Omar A. Fahmy, M. Samra, Raafat M. Abdelfattah, Y. Elnahass, Hossam A ElAshtoukh, Gamal M. Fathy, Fatma Elrefaey","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Optimal post-remission treatment for acute myeloid leukemia patients with normal karyotype (AMLNK) in first complete remission (CR1) who lacks an HLA identical donor is still not well-defined. \u0000Aim of the Work: To compare the outcome of allogeneic versus autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in adult AML patients regarding toxicities of transplant procedure, transplant-related mortality (TRM), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). \u0000Patients and Methods: 43 AML patients were included; 34 patients (with a median age 28 years) received myeloablative allogeneic PBSCT from a matched sibling donor while 9 patients (with a median age 36 years) received PBSC autograft. All patients had a normal karyotype (NK), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3 ITD) negative and were in CR1. \u0000Results: After a median follow up of 21.5 months (0.3- 46.5), the cumulative 2-year OS and DFS in the allogeneic group were 73.5% and 70.6% respectively, compared to 74.1% and 64.8%, respectively in the autologous group (p=0.690 and 0.768). Increasing number of consolidation cycles (>3) and lower CD34 stem cell dose were associated with lower relapse rates and higher DFS in the autologous group. \u0000Conclusion: Preliminary data show a comparable outcome of autologous compared to allogeneic PBSCT in patients with AML-NK and FLT3 ITD negative in CR1. In absence of matched sibling donor, autologous PBSCT may provide an acceptable post remission therapy for patients with low risk molecular profile.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-6917.1000214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloroma- Myelosarcoma or Leukemic Nerve Tumor?","authors":"W. Grisold, S. Meng, A. Grisold","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000E117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000E117","url":null,"abstract":"Following our review on leukemia and the nervous system we would like to draw your attention to a rare manifestation of leukemia termed historically chloroma (CH) or myelosarcoma, which can rarely affect the cranial nerves and the peripheral nerves. These rare associations of leukemia and the peripheral nervous system, can occur in all stages of leukemia, as the first manifestation [1], as recurrence [2] and post bone marrow transplant. Most frequently CH are seen in AML, less frequent CML, but also in OMF. They can also appear isolated, and leave room for speculations why leukemia can covert from a liquid into a solid tumor, and why the presentation can be in peripheral nerves. Chloromas, myelosarcomas or leukemic tumors are rare [3-5] and present at many sites of the body. Compared to lymphomas focal nerve lesion in leukemia are rare [6].","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70270262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MLL-r Leukemia","authors":"R. Marschalek","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000E116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000E116","url":null,"abstract":"25 years ago the HTRX, HRX, ALL-1, MLL gene, now renamed to KMT2A, has been discovered at chromosome 11q23 and shown to be rearranged with two different genes, AF4 and ENL, due to balanced chromosomal translocations. These two chromosomal translocations discovered in the labs of Carlo Croce and Michael Cleary-were the starting point for a new field of research associated with acute leukemia [1,2].","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"2-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70270217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated CNS Blast Crisis of CML in A Patient on Dasatinib Therapy","authors":"R. Alblooshi, D. Vergidis, J. Lipton","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000212","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of a young male with chronic phase CML who despite achieving an excellent response to dasatinib therapy, developed isolated CNS blast crisis even though this tyrosine kinase inhibitor is the only one reported to cross the blood brain barrier.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imatinib in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Children and Adolescents is Effective and well-tolerated. Report of the Polish Pediatric Study Group for Treatment of Leukemias and Lymphomas","authors":"MaÅgorzata Janeczko, B. Rybka, R. Ryczan, M. Krawczuk-Rybak, Andrzej KoÅtan, Irena KarpiÅska-Derda, M. Wieczorek, Maciej Niedźwiedzki, Marcelina Osak, Katarzyna MusioÅ, Grażyna Karolczyk, Magdalena CwikliÅska, Agnieszka Zaucha-Prażmo, K. Drabko, Katarzyna Mycko, W. Badowska, D. Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska, T. Ociepa, M. Bartnik, K. Pawelec, M. Ussowicz, Krzysztof KaÅwak","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000211","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) constitutes only 2-3% of all leukemias in pediatric patients. Philapelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL fusion are genetic hallmarks of CML, and their presence is crucial for targeted molecular therapy with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI), which replaced Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) as a standard first-line therapy. The disease in pediatric population is rare, and despite molecular and clinical similarities different approach is warranted due to long lifetime expectancy and distinct developmental characteristics of affected children. We have analyzed the results of treatment with imatinib in 57 pediatric patients from 14 Polish Pediatric Hematology Oncology Centres. In the study group 40 patients (pts) continue imatinib (median follow-up 23.4 months) while in 17 the treatment was terminated (median follow-up 15.1 months) due to therapy failure. In the latter group, 13 pts underwent HSCT while 4 switched to second-generation TKIs. 5-year Overall Survival (OS) in the study group was 96% and 5-year Event-Free Survival (EFS) 81%.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility and Applicability of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Scoring Systems for Predicting the Prognosis of Egyptian Patients on Imatinib: Retrospective Study","authors":"T. Elbedewy, H. Elashtokhy","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is myeloproliferative clonal neoplasm. Imatinib has greatly improved CML prognosis. Many prognostic scoring systems have been developed for CML risk stratification. In clinical practice, 3 systems are widely used: Sokal, Hasford and European Treatment Outcome Study (EUTOS). Recently, EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS) score is the first long-term scoring system that considered specifically CML-related death. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to validate the effectiveness of Sokal, Hasford, EUTOS and ELTS scoring systems in predicting the outcome in Egyptian CML-chronic phase (CML-CP) patients treated with imatinib. \u0000Patients and methods: Retrospective study performed on 167 patients with CML-CP who were treated with imatinib. Using the Sokal, Hasford, EUTOS and ELTS scores, we divided the patients into each risk groups. \u0000Results: Significant differences in event free survival (EFS), time without progression (TWP) and overall survival (OS) prediction between the Sokal, Hasford and ELTS risk groups, but no significant difference among the EUTOS score risk groups. \u0000Conclusion: Our study indicates that Sokal, Hasford and ELTS scoring systems but not the EUTOS score are effective in predicting early treatment response, EFS, TWP and OS for Egyptian CML patients treated with imatinib","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70270055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype Distribution of Dihydrofolatereductase Variants and their Role in Disease Susceptibility to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Indian Population: An Experimental and Computational Analysis","authors":"Sunitha Kodidela, Suresh Ch, R. Pradhan, J. Muthukumaran, B. Dubashi, T. Santos-Silva, D. Basu","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000209","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To establish the allele and genotype frequencies of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) -317A>G and -680C>A variants in Indian population, to find the association of these variants with the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to analyze the effects of non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and 3’untranslated region (3’UTR)variants of DHFR gene on its structure and function using in-silico tools. Methods: A total of 235 unrelated healthy volunteers (controls) and 127 ALL patients (cases) were recruited for the study. DNA was extracted from peripheral leucocytes. Genotyping of DHFR polymorphisms was done by realtime PCR. We investigated the deleterious effect of nsSNPs and variants in 3’UTR of DHFR gene through computational platforms. Results: In the present study, the frequency of DHFR -317G and -680 A alleles was found to be 33.3% and 59.8% respectively. The studied DHFR variants (rs408626 and rs442767) did not confer a significant risk for ALL. Insilico analysis revealed that three nsSNPs potentially affect the structure, function and activity of the DHFR protein. Four microRNA binding sites were found to be highly affected due to 3’UTR SNPs. Further, docking simulation suggested that the order of binding affinity of methotrexate towards native and all three mutant forms of DHFR is D153V (rs121913223)>native>G18R (rs61736208)>D187Y (rs200904105). Conclusion: This is the first study to report the normative genotype distribution of DHFR variants in Indian population and also to report that DHFR (-317A>G and -680C>A) variants do not confer a potential risk for development of ALL. Inter-ethnic differences exist in the distribution of DHFR variant genotypes, and this can lead to variability in therapeutic response to DHFR substrates. Protein sequence analysis revealed rs200904105 influences the phosphorylation process (post-translational modification) of DHFR and docking simulation suggested methotrexate to have a higher affinity towards rs121913223 mutant form. Therefore, studies are warranted to explore the clinical impact of these variants in the Indian population.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-6917.1000209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70270043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Events in Adults with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): A Literature Review of Recent Clinical Trials","authors":"H. Hummel, M. Topp, E. Chang, V. Chia, M. Kelsh, Martha L Doeml, S. Alekar, A. Stein","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the introduction of new therapy options for adult patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a better understanding of existing toxicity profiles is needed. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the toxicity profiles in clinical trials using chemotherapeutic regimens, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based approaches in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) and Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) R/R ALL, or other targeted therapies. Seventeen eligible articles were identified that reported toxicity profiles. We grouped adverse events into the following categories: hematological, infectious, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular/renal/hepatic, and neurological, stratified by treatment type. Treatment-related or early/induction mortality was also summarized. Results: With cytotoxic chemotherapy and its combinations, hematological adverse events were the most common, affecting virtually all patients, followed by infections, which were reported in most patients. Neurologic toxicity was the most common adverse event associated with liposomal vincristine. TKI-based treatments showed a distinct safety profile compared with the chemotherapies. Although hematological adverse events still represented the most common toxicity, infections were less common with TKI-based therapies (9-18%) than with chemotherapies (56-100%). Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were the predominant gastrointestinal adverse events after receipt of TKIs, whereas mucositis appeared to be more characteristic of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Conclusions: This paper provides a systematic review of the safety profile of current standard chemotherapy for adults with R/R Ph- or Ph+ ALL. Overall, documentation of adverse events was highly variable across the studies, precluding direct comparisons or pooling of results. However, this systematic literature review is the first to summarize and quantify the toxicity profiles of mainly chemotherapeutic and TKI-based regimens for adult patients with R/R ALL, providing a baseline for comparison with emerging therapies.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-6917.1000208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Brutons Tyrosine Kinase in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia at the Crossroad between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pro-survival Signals","authors":"F. Frezzato, V. Trimarco, A. Visentin, V. Martini, Filippo Severin, M. Facco, G. Semenzato, L. Trentin","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"Chemo immunotherapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) showed a positive impact on clinical outcome, but many patients relapsed or become refractory to the available treatments. The main goal of the researchers in CLL is the identification of specific targets in order to develop new therapeutic strategies to cure the disease. The Bcell receptor-signalling pathway is necessary for survival of malignant B cells and its related molecules recently become new targets for therapy. Moreover, leukemic microenvironment delivers survival signals to neoplastic cells also overcoming the apoptotic effect induced by traditional drugs. In this context, the investigation of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is useful in: i) dissecting CLL pathogenesis; ii) finding new therapeutic approaches striking simultaneously intrinsic as well as extrinsic pro-survival signals in CLL. This paper will review these main topics.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-6917.1000207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome in Patients with Acute Radiation Syndrome Following the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident","authors":"T. Liubarets, Olex, E. M. Kovalenko, V. Bebeshko, D. Belyi, M. A. Pilinska, I. Ilyenko, G. V. Dubrovina, D. Bazyka","doi":"10.4172/2329-6917.1000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6917.1000206","url":null,"abstract":"The MDS cases (n=3) among acute radiation syndrome (ARS) survivors after the ChNPP accident were analyzed. MDS diagnoses were based on FAB (1982) and WHO classifications and included the refractory anemia (RA) (patient D. with ARS grade III), refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) (patient B. with ARS grade III), and unclassified MDS (MDS-U) (patient S. with ARS grade I). Clinical management of MDS in ARS patients was analyzed taking into consideration the morphological, immunological, and cytochemical peculiarities of haemopoietic cells. The ARS diagnoses were confirmed in a survey on a regular basis using standard cytogenetic method. Described MDS cases in ARS patients may be the secondary MDS variants taking into consideration possible radiation-induced injuries of hematopoietic cell genome due to the high dose of IR (1.7-5.5 Sv). The possible role of previous irradiation in a range of occupational dose limits before the ChNPP catastrophe for patients D. and B. with ARS grade III, both with possible role of such a confounding factor as petroleum exposure for patient S. (ARS grade I) for the development of MDS cannot be excluded.","PeriodicalId":90223,"journal":{"name":"Journal of leukemia (Los Angeles, Calif.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-6917.1000206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70269268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}