Diversity and equality in health and care最新文献

{"title":"Age before beauty","authors":"Thiizo Pft1Vti1G, Rumina Bwatl, Willie Loedolff","doi":"10.1108/sd-08-2020-0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/sd-08-2020-0140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design\u0000This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Long-lived firms are those that have typically survived for more than a decade, at a global level. Often such firms have failed to fully embrace digitization, which is a key method that they can develop and improve in the global digital age.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality\u0000The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.\u0000","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/sd-08-2020-0140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62350829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Households Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors in Konso, South Ethiopia","authors":"Deykanto Urmale, A. Alemayehu, E. M. Woldesemayat","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.207","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diversifed diet promotes meeting the minimum requirement of essential nutrients. Households with nondiversifed diet often face poor health status which results from nutrient defciency. This is common problem in rural communities of southern Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of household dietary diversity in Konso district South Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February, 2018. Out of 40 Kebles in the district, 9 were randomly selected. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire which was adapted from the World Food and Agricultural Organization. Data were entered in using Epi info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Frequencies were calculated. Odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confdence interval was calculated to identify risk factors of in adequate dietary diversity. Result: A total of 423 households participated in the study. More than9% of the households had high dietary diversity, while 48.5% had medium and 41.9% had low dietary diversity. High proportion of the study households consumed vegetables (87.5%) and cereals (78.7%) while very low proportion of them consumed milk products; 16 (2.8%) and sea foods; 11 (1.9%). Rural residency [AOR 2.0, CI (1.2, 3.5)], female headed households[AOR 5.4, CI (1.5, 19.4)], lower educational level, lack of information on dietary diversity[AOR 1.8, CI (1.1, 2.9)] and low household wealth index [AOR 1.6, CI(10, 2.6)] increased the risk of inadequate household dietary diversity. Conclusion: In this study, we found high prevalence of inadequate dietary diversity. The diets were mainly based on starchy staple (cereals and vegetable) with little animal products. A number of factors increased the risk of inadequate household dietary diversity.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking the Devastating Effects of COVID-19 on Economies and Social Life in the EU and In Selected Countries Mostly Affected By the Pandemic","authors":"Metin Gürler, Özlem Özsoy","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Life will not go on same after the pandemic since the countries are negatively affected economically, socially and politically due to coronavirus pandemic so that states, entrepreneurs, consumers and individuals will exhibit different behaviors than they showed before. As the social state raised during the pandemic, governments announced many economic and social packages to prevent both the real sector and their citizens. Aim: This study aims to investigate the growth rates of confirmed cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in the World, Europian Union and some selected countries mostly influenced by the pandemic, the health indicators for the countries and to analyse the effect of the pandemic on economy, trade and tourism. Methods: The data for the COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths was gathered from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) for the world, EU-27, China, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Turkey, UK, USA and was smoothed with Simple Moving Average process to reduce volatility.The daily and cumulative empirical growth rates for COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths were calculated for each country to make comparison by logarithmic scale. The health infrastructure and human resources and the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and foreign trade for the countries are examined. Results: The number of deaths in Italy, France, Spain, UK and USA which were heavily affected by the pandemic exceeded ten thousand in a couple weeks. In some countries, it was clearly seen that the health system was not sufficient to fight against pandemic. The disruptions in the supply chain of the countries caused their production and external trade to halt and the mobility of goods, services and people in and outside the countries have been minimized due to the pandemic. Both the manufacturing industry and the service sectors have contracted in this process. Flight bans have hit mostly the tourism and transportation sectors so that this will have negative effects on the balance of payments for many countries especially for developing ones disrupting both export and tourism revenues. Conclusion: COVID-19 not only affected the individual’s daily life but also have influences on social and economic life of the countries. After the outbreak, it is seen that people cannot travel as comfortably as they are used to and that they will maintain social isolation for a while by standing against each other even for their family, relatives and friends. In addition, there will be a big change in production and consumption habits in the economy. It seems that it will take a long time for people to regain their psychology.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standards for equity in healthcare provision and utlisaton: pilot test in sixteen countries","authors":"A. Chiarenza, D. Domenig, ro Catacin","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.3.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.3.201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health systems are faced with dii¬ÂÂA‚€erent needs, conditions and expectations concerning health and healthcare delivery. The most vulnerable groups risk receiving poorer care due to barriers and inequities in health service provision and utilisation. However health care organisations are often not sufciently equipped to ei¬ÂÂA‚€ectively recognise and respond to the diverse needs of the population served. To this end, the Task Force Migration, Equity and Diversity (TF MED) developed a set of standards that allow health care organisations to evaluate equity in service provision and implement improvements. A test was conducted in 52 pilot organisations from sixteen countries to assess compliance with the standards, as well as to explore challenges and opportunities for the ei¬ÂÂA‚€ective uptake of equity measures. Methods: Purposeful sampling was utilised to identify participants for the pilot test by national coordinators of the TF MED (The TF MED was previously named Task Force on Migrant Friendly and Culturally Competent Health Care. The new name came into ei¬ÂÂA‚€ect in 2016.). Organisations were general and specialised hospitals and other health care providers. Each pilot organisation defned appropriate structure and process to conduct assessment of service performance against the standards. A cross-sectional survey was used for data collection, participants were asked to fll in an online questionnaire with data collected though the self-assessment process. Data were analysed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Results: The fndings of the pilot test show that compliance with the standards was low in three main areas: policy, participation and promoting equity outside the organisation. In particular, pilot institutions revealed difculties in engaging management and leaders on equity issues; in promoting the participation of users at risk of discrimination; in developing forms of collaboration with relevant stakeholders in the community. On a more positive side, the pilot test results show that in general organisations do have policies in place to improve access to healthcare, as well as policies to ensure that individual and family needs are taken into account throughout the care process; however their ei¬ÂÂA‚€ectiveness and impact are rarely evaluated. Conclusion: The implementation of the standards for equity contributes to a self-rei¬ÂÂA‚‚ective process, involving health professionals and managers, in which gaps and potential improvements are identifed. Many of the pilot organisations utilised the standards as part of a process of increasing their awareness of equity issues and changing the reorganizational culture.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69691964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Tide: Health Science Student and Faculty of Color Academic Experiences","authors":"Elizabeth Ching, Alondra Ammon","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.199","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occupational Therapy as a profession must diversify its workforce to meet the needs of a diverse population. The recruitment and retention of students of color or racial minorities is necessary for a racially diverse workforce. Faculty of color mentors is integral for the retention and success of students of color. This research explored the lived experiences of a recent graduate of color and a faculty of color in a mentoring relationship. Method: Semi-structured interviews were developed to gain insight into the assets, challenges, and environment of the mentee and mentor of color. A phenomenological approach was utilized with a convenience sample of two participants from a health science university in the United States of America. The data was analyzed using the Kawa model as a lens. Results: Four common themes arose from the interviews: (a) racial, cultural, and class backgrounds were strengths, (b) sympathetic supports needed for validation, (c) lack of representation were barriers, and (d) predominantly white institutions may not be inclusive and may also contribute to the maintenance of health disparities. Discussion: The findings of this study focus on the need for quality mentorship, spaces and opportunities to dialogue about race and racism, and institutional structural support for the recruitment, retention, and success of both students and faculty of color in academia.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69691925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harassment and Bullying In the Operatve Theatre: An Evaluaton Based on an Anonymous Survey Conducted In France","authors":"J. Estebe, E. Oger, A. Belbachir, Claude Ecoï¬ey, F. Bonnet","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.203","url":null,"abstract":"It is difcult to estimate the incidence of harassment in the operating theater, and such estimation was never performed for anesthesia. We had performed an anonymous national survey based on a questionnaire flled up by healthcare providers working in the operating theater. A cover letter was associated, explaining the goal of the survey and informing that participation in this survey was voluntary and anonymous. Before completion of the questionnaire; the responders were required to read the national legal defnition of the harassment. The ei¬Â€ects of gender and to be a nurse are confrmed by the multivariate analysis as an independent risk factor of harassment and bullying. If the same ratio was found on the side of anesthesia (i.e. nurse Vs. physician). It was reported that the anesthesiologists were signifcantly more represented in victims’group than the surgeons. We reported a low rate of sexual harassment. The consequences of harassment and bullying on the social, professional and personal life are not negligible. We could not fnd some dii¬Â€erent and specifc risk factor compared to the usual world of work, and particularly in the hospital world. However, these results confrm the need for preventive and curative measures.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral Bias in Coronary Micro vascular Dysfunction: a Retrospective Study","authors":"M. McCarthy, O. Toleva, K. Elliot, C. Ardern, S. Miner","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.5.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.5.211","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is a well-defned condition and a signifcant cause of myocardial ischemia. Patients with angina typically undergo non-invasive cardiac investigations initially as a means of risk-stratifying. Coronary angiography is the diagnostic test of choice for patients with chest pain (angina) and signs of myocardial ischemia on noninvasive testing. Typically CAD is diagnosed based on the patency of the epicardial coronary arteries [1]. Approximately 30% of patients with angina have non-obstructive arteries on coronary angiogram and area diagnostic and management challenge for clinicians, contributing to signifcant social and economic burden [2]. They undergo multiple angiograms, experience a hospitalization rate 80% greater than patients with single vessel CAD and up to 50% have persistent symptoms leading to functional disability [3]. Historically, this population was given reassurance as long-term prognosis was believed to be benign [4]. We now know that a subset of these patients sui¬Â€er from coronary micro vascular dysfunction (MVD) [1] and are at increased risk for adverse cardiac events including congestive heart failure (CHF), myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, and death [1,5]. The Cardiovascular Integrated Physiology (CVIP) program at Southlake Regional Health Centre (SRHC) investigates and manages patients with MVD. CVIP has received referrals for only a small fraction of patients with angina and non-obstructive angiograms at SRHC. It is unclear what factors promote referral. We hypothesized that referrals were not random and that the clinical characteristics of the referred patients dii¬Â€ered from the larger population of patients with angina and nonobstructive CAD. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the patients referred to CVIP are an accurate representation of the overall population of patients with angina and non-obstructive coronary arteries.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Diet Quality in a Pacific Islander Community","authors":"Jonell S. Hudson, T. Shulz, K Hye-cheonKimYeary, L. Capelle, L Riklon, Long Cr, E. English, Ayers Bl","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.198","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Obesity and obesity related diseases such as hypertension and type-2 diabetes (diabetes) are a global health epidemic, and are especially severe in Pacific Islander populations. The objective of this study is to identify the beliefs, experiences and influences related to diet quality within a Marshallese Pacific Islander community in Arkansas. Methods: A mixed method design was chosen to obtain a more comprehensive view of participant’s diet quality beliefs, experiences and influences and overcome the limitations of a single design. From November 2017 to February 2018, a purposive sample of 40 participants took part in the mixed methods study via focus groups. Results: As we sought to understand beliefs, experiences and influences related to diet quality, four a priori qualitative themes were identified: (1) Socio-cultural determinants of diet quality; (2) Preferential determinants of diet quality; (3) Economic determinants of diet quality; and (4) Nutritional knowledge of diet quality. Conclusion: Similar to other studies of Pacific Islander communities in Hawaii and the United States affiliated Pacific Islands, Marshallese participants discussed numerous sociocultural, preferential, economic and nutritional knowledge determinants to diet quality. Understanding the beliefs, experiences and influences related to diet quality will fill an important gap in the literature for Marshallese in Arkansas and help inform interventions, practices and policies that can reduce obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2049-5471.17.1.198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69691909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite Health Quality Index: Assessing the State of Public Health In The Districts of North Eastern States of India","authors":"Hemant, Amit Goyal","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.4.205","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the state of public health has been assessed and analysed for the 86 districts of the eight north-eastern states of India. For this, a weighted CHQI (Composite Health Quality Index) has been constructed using data from the NFHS (National Family Health Survey), the fourth round of 2015-16 and HMIS (Health Management Information System). The CHQI assesses the state of health across three pillars, namely ‘Child Health’, ‘Women Health’ and ‘Health Infrastructure’, using 15 indicators measured against the national SDG targets. Upon computation, a progressive weighted index score was obtained for each district, which provides a piece of comparable single-fgure information about the state of public health in each district.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health, Physical Education and Psychology, As a Treatment of Knowledge in the Context of Public Health","authors":"Meza Daisy Palma, R. Cáceres, Melvin José Zavala Plaza, Álvaro Diego Espinoza Burgos, Michael Pinargote","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.17.5.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.17.5.214","url":null,"abstract":"The true work of those who carry out some activity related to Health, Physical Education and Psychology in the context of Public Health should be oriented to know the social results that this practice produces. In such troubled times, full of unprecedented information and informative i¬Â‚ashes of what is really important, the idea or result of Being-Human, distances itself from the truly signifcant: The Citizen, as an inhabitant of a community with responsibilities of self-growth and group strengthening and not a society. The big dii¬Â€erence is that in the frst, the identity of those who make up the community is recognized, while in the second, only instrumental relationships are lived. So that Health, Physical Education, Psychology and Public Health should have, as an essential mission, the formation of healthy citizenship, beyond the physical and biological. Thus, a citizen is an integral construct, where biological, psychological, physical, sports and social aspects are swarmed. The purpose of this study is to develop an approach to this network of knowledge that is at the same time synonymous with the subject, which is subject to the public, given in a context framed in the concept of community. Hence, the research that is being developed emerges from a research project, aimed at the training of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation professionals who develop multidimensional capacities to achieve important changes in terms of social representations and iconographies on which have built the foundations of the career, distorting the humanist concept and the psychological value and Public Health that grant collaborative knowledge. In this sense, research has been proposed, from a methodology, qualitative, hermeneutic, addressed from human groups in the process of training at the Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation of the University of Guayaquil, concluding that Public Health should understood as a discipline in charge of improving the health conditions of communities by promoting healthy lifestyles.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69692809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}