Diversity and equality in health and care最新文献

{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendations (SBAR) Framework in Improving Patient Safety Outcomes in the Nursing Context.","authors":"Alanood Kateb Kalef Alruwaily","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.262","url":null,"abstract":"Research Aim: In response to the noted rationale, this structured literature review sought to investigate the impact of the SBAR communication and handover tool when used by nurses upon patient safety outcomes. Background: In nursing practice, effective communication is the most primitive and fundamental trait that has direct influence over the provision of care and thus, care quality and patient safety. Indeed, a wider range of evidence and serious case reviews have shown that deficits in communication and clinical handover can lead to patient harm and even death and thus, utilising tools to optimise communication quality and sufficiency represents an opportunity to prevent such adverse outcomes. The Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendations (SBAR) framework is one of the most common communication tools used in nursing practice but little is known about its specific direct impact upon measures of patient safety. Thus, there is a need to address this important knowledge gap to help inform current and future nursing communication and handover practices. Methods: A structured literature review was designed using the PRISMA criteria for systematic reviews to enhance credibility. A search for literature relevant to the research aim was undertaken in February 2021 using the databases of MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Search terms were constructed using the research question, modified with syntax and combined with Boolean logic to optimise search precision. Articles eligible for review were restricted to English language, peer-review and publication since the year 2010. All studies were appraised using the principles of CASP and data was analysed via narrative synthesis due to limited homogeneity across studies that precluded meta-analysis. Results/Discussion: A total of 12 studies were eligible for review, which comprised eight quasi-experimental before-and-after studies, three cohort studies and one randomised controlled trial. The overall risk of bias was moderate to high for most studies given the detection of issues associated with non-response, recall, confounding and outcome ascertainment biases. Applicability to the UK context also varied due to issues of sample size and representativeness. Narrative synthesis revealed that the use of SBAR by nurses to guide inter-professional communication and clinical handover was consistently positive in optimising patient safety when compared to non-structured communication controls or baseline. Specific improvements in safety outcomes included: reductions in the number of care omissions, the incidence of near-miss and patient safety events, falls, adverse drug events, restraint use and nosocomial infections and even mortality. Moreover, some studies explored the impact of SBAR upon indirect patient safety measures, which included perceptions that the tool optimised patient safety, as well as inducing improvements to care quality and culture through enhancing communication an","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69696779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community's Mask Wearing Practice and Its Associated Factors for COVID-19 prevention in Metropolitan city, Northwest, Ethiopia","authors":"Getahun Worku Minyiwab, Belayneh Fentahun Shibesh","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.12.378-383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.12.378-383","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Corona virus Disease, 2019 has been pandemic all over the world due to its strong human to human transmission. A number of measures have been put in place to prevent its spread among the population. However, for these preventive measures to be effective, the population should practice an appropriate COVID-19 prevention method. To our knowledge, there is no study yet done in the Amhara region. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing mask wearing practice and its associated factors for COVID-19 prevention among residents of metropolitan towns in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 20 to July 10, 2020. A total of 413 residents of metropolitan towns of the Amhara region, Ethiopia were enrolled in the study. A systematic sampling technique was used to collect data from selected households. Data were entered into EPI-DATA version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24.0 for analysis. To identify the factors of mask wearing practice for COVID-19 prevention, multiple binary logistic regression analysis was used. Statistical significance was declared at p-value<0.05. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was used to assess the direction and strength of associations. Results: Four hundred thirteen residents were participated in the study with a response rate of 97.6%. Of these, 234 (56.6%) were female, 229 (55.4%) were lay in the age group of 31–45 years old, and 321 (77.7%) were married. The proportion of residents who had good mask wearing practice in the current study was 57.1% [(95%CI: 52.35%, 61.94%)]. Having formal education [AOR = 5.046, 95% CI (2.713, 9.385], employed [AOR = 1.827, 95% CI (1.172, 2.848)], having good knowledge [AOR = 3.125, 95% CI (1.361, 7.178)], and having positive attitude [AOR = 2.279, 95% CI (1.09, 4.767)] were significantly associated with mask wearing practice. Conclusion: more than half of the study respondents had good mask wearing practice regarding COVID-19 prevention. Having formal education, being employed, having good knowledge, and having positive attitude were significantly associated with mask wearing practice. It is recommended that local health authorities should implement interventions such, residents training and awareness creation activities to enhance residents to develop mask wearing practice.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69693415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Persian Version of the Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire in Patients with Cardiac Syndrome X","authors":"S. Malekzadeh","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.236","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and objectives: The objective of the present study is to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (AHLQ) between Iranian patients with Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX). Background: The burden of cardiac heart disease and related conditions remains high, with rates of hospitalization disability and cost on the rise. In addition, angina without coronary artery disease (CAD) has substantial morbidity and is present in 20% to 30% of patients undergoing angiography Adherence to a combination of healthy lifestyle factors has been shown to be related to a considerable reduction of cardiovascular risk. Design: A Cross -sectional survey was used. Methods: 100 Iranian patients, who referred to the Tehran Heart Center hospital, were recruited by randomized sampling. All the patients fulfilled the AHL questionnaire. Responses were analysed via exploratory factor analysis using primary elements analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation. The internal conformity reliabilities of the overall scale and its subscales were estimated via Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The reliability of the AHLQ was assessed for internal consistency and testretest reliability. Result: The AHLQ variables are classified into six domains. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each subscale was used to check the reliability of each scope. The reliability of each subscale was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha. The level of significance was evaluated at P < 0.05. The tool has shown satisfactory validity. Conclusions: The Persian version of the AHL questionnaire is suitable to be used for Iranian patients with CSX disease or atherosclerosis. In addition, the AHLQ is a reliable and valid tool and could be used for evaluation of adherence to a healthy lifestyle in clinical research for Iranian patients with cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69694765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture and Spirituality in the Process of Mental Health and Recovery: Users and Providers Perspectives","authors":"Z. Islam, Fatemeh Rabieeb, Swaran, P. Singh","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.255","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spiritual beliefs are known to impact on mental well-being and recovery, yet professionals and clinicians often fail to explore user and carer perspectives on these. Aims: Explore views of ethnically diverse service users, carers, service providers including Early Intervention in Psychosis service (EIS) professionals and spiritual care team representatives on the significance of spirituality, culture and religion on mental health recovery. Method: Eleven focus groups were conducted with service users, carers, health professionals and representatives of spiritual care. Results: Thematic analysis uncovered three main themes on service users’ mental health recovery: Shame and Creating a Positive Sense of Self; Meeting Cultural, Spiritual, Religious and Individual Needs; Spiritual and Religious Beliefs impact on Well-being. Clinical Implications: Healthcare professionals should consider the impact of spirituality on services users’ mental health recovery and well-being. Further training, guidance and support are needed to increase professional competency.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69696025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of pre-marriage course from Islamic perspectives and medical overview as mechanism to reduce rate of divorce in Nigeria","authors":"A. Adamu, H. Ardo","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.258","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this research work is to not only prepare you intellectually, emotionally and in a meaningful way, but also instruct you in choosing a life partner properly. It is not only so that you fulfill your responsibilities and duties related to your life partner, but also to make you ready to face future difficulties and problems in a positive way, as most people become involved in various difficulties after marriage. This paper investigates on the introduction of pre-marriage course in Islam as mechanism to reduce rate of divorce in Nigeria. The paper begins with a brief about position of marriage in Islam. It continues with importance of marriage in Islam as well as prohibited women to marry. It explains the purpose of marriage in Islam, rights and duties of husband/wife, which helps one to understand his/her rights and duties Islamically. The paper ends with introduction pre-marriage course in Islam, months/years in pregnancy and breath feeding, etc. It also shows that Islam does not leave any loophole untouched in the affairs of marriage. Analytical research methodology has been used in preparing this paper. Data are drawn from interview, books, articles, scholarly journals etc.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69696364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Perinatal Low Mood and Depression for BAME Women ?? The Role of Treatment, Perceived Public, and Internalised Stigma","authors":"E. Amoah","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.12.387-397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.12.387-397","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to build on existing empirical evidence looking at the extent to which stigma impacts perinatal low mood and depression. This study examined the associations between treatment, perceived public, and internalised stigma and perinatal low mood and symptoms of depression. The study aimed to examine perinatal depression symptoms and three predictor variables. This study used correlational cross-sectional survey data from a representative sample of BAME (Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic) women (n=123). The BAME women completed four surveys to assess perinatal depression symptoms and treatment, perceived public, and internalised stigma toward perinatal depression symptoms conducted online. The results were subsequently uploaded onto SPSS. Exploratory research was also analysed to investigate preferable approaches to discuss low mood with a healthcare professional. Results showed internalised stigma was predictive of perinatal depression symptoms for BAME women. Internalised stigma was found to be a significant predictor variable of perinatal depression for both women who identified as Black and those that identified as all other ethnic minority groups. In addition, for the BAME women with an upper income and from the 25-34 age group internalised stigma was found to be predictive of perinatal depression symptoms. Treatment stigma was also a significant predictor variable of perinatal depression for BAME women aged between 25-34. Perceived public stigma was found to be a significant predictor variable of perinatal depression symptoms for BAME women with a lower income. Improvements on the present study, and implications for future research, are discussed with regard to the findings. These results suggest that, at least in this popula¬tion, internalised stigma is an important factor towards perinatal depression.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69693580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Resolution-Centered Customer Care in the Healthcare Industry","authors":"S. Caro, Becky Watkins","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.230","url":null,"abstract":"The healthcare industry has seen a drastic shift in its operations and communications over the last seven months. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many routine healthcare office visits quickly shifted to telehealth and need-based care. The need for virtual resources and customer service representatives to handle large call volumes drastically increased. Companies that were able to quickly adjust and adapt early on have seen greater success in the efficient management of patients and their customer service needs. The difference between a positive patient experience and a negative one can be easily swayed by an experience with a customer service representative and their ability to problem solve.","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69694127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spousal Caregivers of Patients with Cancer and Its Associated Factors and Resilience","authors":"S. Haiyan","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and marks a critical life event for the entire family that can cause distress and significant challenges for all involved. Proverbially, cancer impacts not only those diagnosed but also families, especially those spouses who are often the primary caregivers of these patients. Resilience is the ability of individuals to adapt well in the face of adversity. Resilience and its associated factors among spousal caregivers were reviewed and synthesized to obtain better understanding and guidance for further research regarding this phenomenon. Purpose: To explore resilience, and identify the measurement used to assess resilience and associated factors in spousal caregivers of patients with cancer (PWC). Methods: A literature review was performed using electronic database across Cochrane, CINALH, ProQuest, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Google scholar. The articles were published in English with full text from January 2010 to January 2020. Inclusion criteria: (1) resilience in spousal caregivers for cancer patients who were alive; (2) resilience by using resilience scales or measure resilience by using related variables that reflects resilience which were clearly mentioned in the articles; (3) spousal caregivers’ age more than 18-year-old; (4) quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research; (5) articles which met the above eligible criteria were included in this review if it was possible to extract the findings. Results According to data retrieval, 26 articles were finally selected including 17 quantitative researches, 6 qualitative researches, and 3 mixed-method researches . Resilience in spousal caregivers of PWC showed an ability to adapt and deal with the challenges of caring for their lovers, which would be those with female gender, younger age, better education, and no child-rearing burden. But other demographic characteristics such as ethnicity, occupation, work status were not associated with resilience. Two types of measurement in resilience were explored across 26 studies. resilience was measured by using exact resilience scales (i.e. Connor-Davidson or Wagnild Resilience Scales) or using other variables to indicate either more positive psychological outcome such as coping and adaptation or less negative psychological outcome such as lower depression and stress etc. For factors associated with resilience, these can be classified as individual internal and external factors. Internal factors include caregiver burden, psychological distress, coping strategies etc., whereas social support, couple interaction, patients’ health status etc. are external factors. Conclusions: The current findings add to our understanding of resilience as a distinct trajectory of adjustment and provide further knowledge on the resilience associated factors. Caring for patients with cancer can be a form of stress and affected spousal caregi","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69697158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Workplace Violence in ED Nursing Using the Implementation of an Educational Program and a New Reporting Tool","authors":"Maziad Al Adwan","doi":"10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2049-5471.21.18.263","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of autism is of high percentage in developmental disabilities in Jordan. Owing to parents being the primary caregivers in most situations, their ability to recognize the signs and symptoms of autism and respond appropriately is importance to provide training programs to autistic individuals. This study aims to ascertaining the parent’s knowledge and awareness and perception of autism. A study was performed to screen the Knowledge, awareness and perception of parents of non-autistic children. Sample of 200 parents of non-autistic children were selected. Data were analyzed using (SPSS version 16). The study displayed a lack of awareness and knowledge and perception of autism. Special programs should be provided to those parents to promote their knowledge, awareness, and perception deficits,. On a positive note, most were willing to get their children tested and treated in case of a diagnosis. However, only a small number of participants knew of autism centers. Counseling parents about autism is needed. Background: The prevalence of autism is growing all over the world. Owing to parents being the primary caregivers in most situations, their ability to recognize the signs and symptoms of autism and respond appropriately is of paramount importance in aiming to provide the best educational training programs to autistic individuals. This study was conducted with the aim of ascertaining the parent’s knowledge and awareness and perception of autism. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by the researcher to screen the Knowledge, awareness and perception of parents of non-autistic children in Zarka area, Jordan. The researcher excluded the parents belonging to the medical profession, those who have autistic children, and those who couldn’t completely comprehend Arabic. A sample size of 200 parents of non-autistic children was selected. A validated and pre-tested questionnaire was administered among the study participants to record demographic information, knowledge, and perceptions regarding autism and its signs and symptoms. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 16). A knowledge score was calculated for opinions about autism and its signs and symptoms individually to reflect a participant’s overall knowledge regarding autism. Results: From the study population, 75% of our population had heard of autism, with those who knew of someone with the disorder displaying greater awareness. However, our participants displayed poor knowledge scores, with a mean score of 5.59 in the section concerning correct opinions on autism and that of 6.84 in the section testing knowledge of signs and symptoms. Despite this, 95.6% of the participants were willing to get their children treated, in the event of them being diagnosed with autism. Conclusion: The population of the study displayed a lack of awareness and knowledge and perception of autism. In order to full fill the gap of knowledge, awareness and p","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69696789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terapi Keluarga","authors":"Jek Amidos Pardede","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/a7m2d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/a7m2d","url":null,"abstract":"Sebuah keluarga adalah sebuah sistem sosial yang alami, dimana seseorang menyusun aturan, peran, struktur kekuasaan, bentuk komunikasi, cara mendiskusikan pemecahan masalah sehingga dapat melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan dengan lebih efektif. Dalam penjelasan yang lain dikatakan bahwa keluarga adalah suatu unit yang berfungsi sesuai atau tidak sesuai menurut tingkat persepsi peran dan interaksi di antara kinerja peran dari macam-macam anggota keluarga","PeriodicalId":90151,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and equality in health and care","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69636460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}