BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"Child Immunization Coverage in Urban Settings of Twelve Provinces Plus Kabul, Afghanistan, 2019.","authors":"Khwaja Mir Islam Saeed, Shoaib Naeemi, Ruqia Naser, Bahara Rasooly, Mir Salamuddin Hakim, Khalid Arman, Homeira Nishat","doi":"10.1155/2024/5400013","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5400013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Low immunization and discrepancies in data sources have been a consistent challenge in Afghanistan. The objective of this was to estimate the coverage of immunization status among children of 12-23 months in urban settings of 12 provinces plus Kabul, Afghanistan in 2019. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the capital of 12 cities of polio high-risk provinces plus Kabul during October-December 2019. A two-stage cluster sampling was used to approach 30 clusters and interview seven households. The coverage for 13 vaccines against 10 childhood diseases prioritized by the Afghanistan Immunization program was assessed through observation of vaccine cards or by history from caregivers of children. Epi Info v.7.2.5 was used for data management and analysis. <b>Results:</b> Totally, 3382 caregivers of children aged 12-23 months, of whom 50.8% were boys, were interviewed. The literacy of mothers was 35%, and 86.4% were housewives with no formal employment. The average age of children was 17.07 ± 4.05 months. In total, 1261 (37.29%) children were fully vaccinated, 833 (54.2%) were partially vaccinated, and 288 (8.52%) did not receive any dose of routine vaccine. Of total, 71.82% had vaccination cards, 17.24% had lost them, and 11% had no cards. Generally, coverage of immunization by cards and history was 91.70% for BCG, 52% for Penta, 78% for OPV-4, 63% for PCV2, 61% for Rota2, 68.50% for measles 1, and 58% for IPV. Nangarhar and Kunar provinces have the highest and lowest immunization coverage, respectively. Lack of awareness and time was the main factor cited by partially vaccinated individuals, while misconceptions about vaccines were reported among the unvaccinated. <b>Conclusion:</b> Child immunization levels, varying across cities, were suboptimal in the study population. Realistic goal-setting and awareness campaigns are necessary to address the low immunization coverage and fight against barriers in Afghanistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5400013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Virulence-Associated Markers in <i>Campylobacter coli</i> and <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> Isolates From Water, Cattle, and Chicken Faecal Samples From Kajiado County, Kenya.","authors":"Daniel W Wanja, Christine M Mbindyo, Paul G Mbuthia, Lilly C Bebora, Gabriel O Aboge","doi":"10.1155/2024/4631351","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4631351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Campylobacter</i> is a zoonotic foodborne pathogen that is often linked with gastroenteritis and other extraintestinal infections in humans. This study is aimed at determining the genetic determinants of virulence-encoding genes responsible for flagellin motility protein A (<i>flaA</i>), <i>Campylobacter</i> adhesion to fibronectin F (<i>cadF</i>), <i>Campylobacter</i> invasion antigen B (<i>ciaB</i>) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) A (<i>cdtA</i>) in <i>Campylobacter</i> species. A total of 29 <i>Campylobacter coli</i> isolates (16 from cattle, 9 from chicken, and 4 from water samples) and 74 <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> isolates (38 from cattle, 30 from chicken, and 6 from water samples) described in an earlier study in Kajiado County, Kenya, were examined for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplicon sequencing. The correlations among virulence genes were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (<i>R</i>) method. Among the 103 <i>Campylobacter</i> strains screened, 89 were found to harbour a single or multiple virulence gene(s), giving an overall prevalence of 86.4%. <i>C. jejuni</i> strains had the highest prevalence of multivirulence at 64.9% (48/74), compared to <i>C</i>. <i>coli</i> (58.6%, 17/29). The <i>ciaB</i> and <i>flaA</i> genes were the most common virulence genes detected in <i>C</i>. <i>jejuni</i> (81.1% [60/74] and 62.2% [46/74], respectively) and in <i>C. coli</i> (each at 62.1%; 18/29). <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates from chicken harboured the most virulence-encoding genes. <i>C. jejuni</i> strains from chicken and cattle harboured the highest proportions of the <i>cdtA</i> and <i>ciaB</i> genes, respectively. All the <i>C. coli</i> strains from water samples harboured the <i>cadF</i> and <i>flaA</i> genes. The results obtained further revealed a significant positive correlation between <i>cadF</i> and <i>flaA</i> (<i>R</i> = 0.733). <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> strains from cattle, chicken, and water harbour virulence markers responsible for motility/colonization, invasion, adherence, and toxin production, evoking their important role in campylobacteriosis development among humans and livestock. The identification of cattle, chicken, and water samples as reservoirs of virulent <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. highlights the possible risk to human health. These data on some virulence genes of <i>Campylobacter</i> will assist food safety and public health officials in formulating policy statements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4631351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbapenem Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> Complex Isolates From Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal, Is Attributed to the Presence of <i>bla</i> _OXA-23-like and <i>bla</i> _NDM-1 Genes.","authors":"Anupama Gurung, Rajindra Napit, Basudha Shrestha, Binod Lekhak","doi":"10.1155/2024/8842625","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8842625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> (ACB) complex, also known as ACB complex, consists of four bacterial species that can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings. Conventional therapies for susceptible strains of the ACB complex include broad-spectrum cephalosporins, <i>β</i>-lactam/<i>β</i>-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these antibiotics has declined due to increasing rates of resistance. The predominant resistance mechanisms identified in the ACB complex involve carbapenem-resistant (CR) oxacillinases and metallo-<i>β</i>-lactamases (MBLs). This research, conducted at Kathmandu Model Hospital in Nepal, sought to identify genes associated with CR, specifically <i>bla</i>NDM-1, <i>bla</i>OXA-23-like, and <i>bla</i>OXA-24-like genes in carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> (CR-ACB) complex. Additionally, the study is aimed at identifying the ACB complex through the sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene. Among the 992 samples collected from hospitalized patients, 43 (approximately 4.334%) tested positive for the ACB complex. These positive samples were mainly obtained from different hospital units, including intensive care units (ICUs); cabins; and neonatal, general, and maternity wards. The prevalence of infection was higher among males (58.14%) than females (41.86%), with the 40-50 age group showing the highest infection rate. In susceptibility testing, colistin and polymyxin B exhibited a susceptibility rate of 100%, whereas all samples showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. After polymyxins, gentamicin (30.23%) and amikacin (34.88%) demonstrated the highest susceptibility. A substantial majority (81.45%) of ACB complex isolates displayed resistance to carbapenems, with respiratory and pus specimens being the primary sources. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the primary CR gene within the ACB complex at this hospital was <i>bla</i> _OXA-23-like, followed by <i>bla</i> _NDM-1. To ensure the accuracy of the phenotypic assessment, 12 samples were chosen for 16s rRNA sequencing using Illumina MiSeq™ to confirm that they are <i>Acinetobacter</i> species. QIIME 2.0 analysis confirmed all 12 isolates to be <i>Acinetobacter</i> species. In the hospital setting, a substantial portion of the ACB complex carries CR genes, rendering carbapenem ineffective for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8842625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Challenges in the Development of Platelet-Rich Plasma-Based Therapies.","authors":"Jon Mercader-Ruiz, Maider Beitia, Diego Delgado, Pello Sánchez, Begoña Porras, Irene Gimeno, Sergio González, Fernando Benito-Lopez, Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts, Mikel Sánchez","doi":"10.1155/2024/6444120","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6444120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, biological therapies are booming and more of these formulations are coming to the market. Platelet-rich plasma, or PRP, is one of the most widely used biological therapies due to its ease of obtention and autologous character. Most of the techniques to obtain PRP are focusing on new processes and methods of optimization. However, not enough consideration is being given to modify the molecular components of PRP to generate more effective formulations with the aim of improving PRP treatments. Therefore, this review covers different novel PRP-obtaining methods that attempt to modify the molecular composition of the plasma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6444120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11329313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Adolescent (15-19 Years) Childbearing in Ghana.","authors":"Abdul Rauf Alhassan, Tina Wepeamo Wepeba, Kasim Abdulai, Rhubamatu Iddrisu, Gifty Apiung Aninanya","doi":"10.1155/2024/3237882","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3237882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Adolescent pregnancies continue to be a global issue that affects more high-income, middle-income, and then low-income countries, with the latter experiencing the majority of cases. <b>Aim:</b> The current study looked into the prevalence and variables predicting adolescent childbearing in Ghana. <b>Methodology:</b> Data from the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2017-2018 was used to conduct an analytical cross-sectional study. The results were examined with SPSS Version 20 (IBM Corp., 2011, and NY). Pearson's chi-square and binary logistics analyses were done for associations. A <i>p</i> value of 0.05 was used to determine the analysis's statistical significance. <b>Results:</b> The total number of adolescents isolated from the 2017 Ghana MICS dataset for this study analysis was 2974. The mean age of the study participants was 16.9 ± 1.4 years with a modal age of 15 years. The prevalence of adolescent childbearing according to this study analysis was 12.3%. The predictive factors for adolescent childbearing were increasing age, decreasing educational level, Volta regional originality, ethnic originality of the study participants, and low economic status. <b>Conclusion:</b> The prevalence of adolescent childbearing in this study was significant and needs the attention of all. Programs to improve adolescent reproductive health must take into account multiple levels of elements, such as the individual, family, community, institutions, national, and international challenges that have an impact on such programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3237882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Combination of Antiviral Therapy With Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies for Recurrent Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia in Patients With Lymphoma.","authors":"Xiaoyan Gai, Xiaoyan Sun, Beibei Liu, Wei Yan, Zikang Sheng, Qingtao Zhou, Yongchang Sun","doi":"10.1155/2024/8182887","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8182887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the potential of neutralizing antibodies in the management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), clinical research on its efficacy in Chinese patients remains limited. This study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effect of combination of antiviral therapy with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for recurrent persistent SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in patients with lymphoma complicated by B cell depletion. A prospective study was conducted on Chinese patients who were treated with antiviral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy and the neutralizing antibody tixagevimab-cilgavimab (tix-cil). The primary outcome was the rate of recurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Five patients with lymphoma experienced recurrent SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and received tix-cil treatment. All patients had a history of CD20 monoclonal antibody use within the year preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection, and two patients also had a history of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor use. These patients had notably low lymphocyte counts and exhibited near depletion of B cells. All five patients tested negative for serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies. None of the patients developed reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia after antiviral and tix-cil treatment during the 6-month follow-up period. In conclusion, the administration of antiviral and SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies showed encouraging therapeutic efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in patients with lymphoma complicated by B cell depletion, along with the potential preventive effect of neutralizing antibodies for up to 6 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8182887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snakebites and Antisnake Venom Utilization in Ghana's Oti Region: A 6-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Courage Edem Ketor, Charles Kwaku Benneh, Kofi Boamah Mensah, Emmanuel Sarkodie, Adelaide Mensah, Samuel Owusu Somuah, Selorm Akakpo, Kwame Ohene Buabeng","doi":"10.1155/2024/6692421","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6692421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Snakebite is a global environmental and occupational hazard and a significant public health threat. In rural areas, snakebite cases often go unreported and undocumented due to the lack of access to well-structured healthcare facilities/infrastructure. In some cases, the need for antisnake venom (ASV) far outstrips supply, negatively affecting treatment outcomes. This study, therefore, assessed the epidemiological characteristics of snakebite cases, their management, and how antivenoms are utilised at the selected hospital in the Jasikan District Hospital. <b>Methods:</b> A 6-year retrospective study using secondary data from antivenom return forms (pharmacy records), clinical records (patient folders), the District Health Information Management System-2 (DHIMS-2) database, and consulting room registers was carried out in selected hospitals in the Jasikan District, Oti, Ghana. <b>Results:</b> The predominant symptom of snakebite was localised pain (71.4%). The snakebite commonly occurred at home (19%) and on farms (18%). Of the 98 snakebite cases, ASV was administered to 73 (74.5%) cases. Supportive treatment applied included prophylactic antitetanus immunoglobulin (ATS) (80.6%), prophylactic antibiotics (63%), corticosteroids (80.6%), and analgesics (63%). 95% (<i>n</i> = 94) of complete recoveries were recorded; three were discharged against medical advice, and one was mortality. The supply and use of antivenom were erratic throughout the months of high incidence, partly due to inconsistent availability at the Regional Medical Stores. The average ASV vials and hospital stay duration were 1.23 ± 0.86 vials and 2.67 ± 1.97 days, respectively. Although the peak of snakebites occurs in April, May, and June, the demand for antivenom in April and May exceeded supply. <b>Conclusion:</b> The outcome of most snakebite case management was appropriate, irrespective of inadequate ASV supply in certain months. The erratic antivenom supply should be aligned with seasonal and facility-use patterns to enhance regional snakebite management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6692421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Blood Count Values Over Time in Young Children During the Dengue Virus Epidemic in the Dominican Republic From 2018 to 2020.","authors":"Melissa E Day, Yonairy Collado Puello, Miguel E Mejía Sang, Elvira J Diaz Brockmans, María F Díaz Soto, Stephanie M Rivera Defilló, Karla M Taveras Cruz, Javier O Santiago Pérez, Rafael Meña, Cesár Mota, Margaret K Hostetter, Louis J Muglia, Javier Gonzalez Del Rey, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Lisa J Martin, Brittany N Simpson, Carlos E Prada","doi":"10.1155/2024/3716786","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3716786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne illness with substantial economic and societal impact. Understanding laboratory trends of hospitalized Dominican Republic (DR) pediatric patients could help develop screening procedures in low-resourced settings. We sought to describe laboratory findings over time in DR children with DF and DF severity from 2018 to 2020. <b>Methods:</b> Clinical information was obtained prospectively from recruited children with DF. Complete blood count (CBC) laboratory measures were assessed across Days 1-10 of fever. Participants were classified as DF-negative and DF-positive and grouped by severity. We assessed associations of DF severity with demographics, clinical characteristics, and peripheral blood studies. Using linear mixed-models, we assessed if hematologic values/trajectories differed by DF status/severity. <b>Results:</b> A total of 597 of 1101 with a DF clinical diagnosis were serologically evaluated, and 574 (471 DF-positive) met inclusion criteria. In DF, platelet count and hemoglobin were higher on earlier days of fever (<i>p</i> < = 0.0017). Eighty had severe DF. Severe DF risk was associated with thrombocytopenia, intraillness anemia, and leukocytosis, differing by fever day (<i>p</i> < = 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> In a pediatric hospitalized DR cohort, we found marked anemia in late stages of severe DF, unlike the typically seen hemoconcentration. These findings, paired with clinical symptom changes over time, may help guide risk-stratified screenings for resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3716786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Anthropometry: An Assessment Among the Akan and Ewe Ethnic Groups in Ghana.","authors":"Juliet Robertson, Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo, Daniel Kobina Okwan, Joshua Tetteh, Collins Adjei-Antwi, Samuel Bempah, Michael Ampofo","doi":"10.1155/2024/7508791","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7508791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The distribution of nasal types has been reported to be influenced by climatic adaptation as the nose is involved in conditioning inhaled air. Previous studies have reported differential nasal types and dimensions among varying populations which is very beneficial in planning for rhinoplasty and in forensic identification. However, there is inadequate data on nasal types and dimensions of the various ethnic groups in the Ghanaian population. Since it is inappropriate to apply nasal dimensions of one ethnic group to another, the current study sought to assess the nasal types and dimensions of Akans and Ewes in the Ghanaian population. Nasal height, nasal length, nasal tip protrusion, morphological nose width, and anatomical nose width were measured from 202 participants (116 Akans and 86 Ewes) aged 18-27 years belonging to the Akan and Ewe ethnic groups. Nasal index was calculated, and the frequencies of the nasal types among the two ethnic groups were determined. Ewe significantly had greater nasal length and nasal tip protrusion than the Akans. For both ethnic groups, sexual dimorphism was observed in morphological nose width and anatomical nose width, with males having greater values than females. The platyrrhine (broad nose) nasal type was predominant among the Akan and Ewe ethnic groups. The average nasal dimensions of the Akan and Ewe ethnic groups for the Ghanaian population have been reported in the present study, which will be useful in rhinoplasty intended for individuals belonging to these ethnic groups and in identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7508791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Advanced Convolutional Neural Network Approaches to Reveal Patient Age, Gender, and Weight Based on Tongue Images.","authors":"Xiaoyan Li, Li Li, Jing Wei, Pengwei Zhang, Volodymyr Turchenko, Naresh Vempala, Evgueni Kabakov, Faisal Habib, Arvind Gupta, Huaxiong Huang, Kang Lee","doi":"10.1155/2024/5551209","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5551209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human tongue has been long believed to be a window to provide important insights into a patient's health in medicine. The present study introduced a novel approach to predict patient age, gender, and weight inferences based on tongue images using pretrained deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Our results demonstrated that the deep CNN models (e.g., ResNeXt) trained on dorsal tongue images produced excellent results for age prediction with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.71 and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.5 years. We also obtained an excellent classification of gender, with a mean accuracy of 80% and an AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) of 88%. ResNeXt model also obtained a moderate level of accuracy for weight prediction, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.39 and a MAE of 9.06 kg. These findings support our hypothesis that the human tongue contains crucial information about a patient. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using the pretrained deep CNNs along with a large tongue image dataset to develop computational models to predict patient medical conditions for noninvasive, convenient, and inexpensive patient health monitoring and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5551209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}