BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study to Determine <i>Candida</i> spp. Carriage in Libyan Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Mustafa H M Esmaio, Pedro M D S Abrantes, Charlene W J Africa","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5379778","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5379778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The risk for <i>Candida</i> infections in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is three times higher than in the general population. Despite a DM prevalence of 15.8% reported in Libya (2024), the laboratory identification and susceptibility testing of fungal infections in patients with DM are not routinely performed. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and antifungal drug resistance patterns of <i>Candida</i> species in the oral mucosa of Libyan patients with Type 2 DM. Oral samples were collected with a sterile cotton swab, and 182 <i>Candida</i> isolates were phenotypically identified using the API ID 32 C and VITEK 2 Compact systems. Isolates were screened for their susceptibility to fluconazole and five other antifungals using disk diffusion and VITEK AST-YS07 cards. Statistically significant associations were found between <i>Candida</i> carriage and clinical presentation (<i>p</i> = 0.032), denture wearing (<i>p</i> = 0.025) and sex (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Although <i>Candida albicans</i> was the predominant species isolated (37.4%), the majority of isolates comprised non-albicans <i>Candida</i> (NAC). <i>Candida humicola</i> and <i>Candida dubliniensis</i> coexisted with other <i>Candida</i> species. Most <i>Candida</i> species showed susceptibility or dose-dependent susceptibility (DDS) to fluconazole with low resistance to the other antifungal drugs. <i>Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida guilliermondii</i> and <i>Candida krusei</i> were resistant to fluconazole, and multidrug resistance was observed in some <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>C. dubliniensis</i> and <i>C. krusei</i> isolates. <i>Candida membranifaciens and Candida parapsilosis</i> showed either DDS or resistance to fluconazole. The emerging resistance to second-line antifungals requires the establishment of routine <i>Candida</i> identification and antifungal susceptibility testing to guide species-specific treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5379778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12827059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Phase Separation in the Extracellular Matrix: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Runhan Guo, Jiayi Li, Xuenan Wang, Huabao Xiong, Fei Wu, Tao Zhong","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1522109","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1522109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a sophisticated network that is paramount in preserving tissue integrity and modulating cellular behaviors. Recent revelations regarding phase separation provide a groundbreaking perspective on the ECM, elucidating how this phenomenon affects the spatial organization and functionality of its components. This review delves into the implications of phase separation in ECM-related pathologies and underscores its prospective role as a therapeutic target. By adeptly manipulating phase separation, pioneering therapeutic strategies can be devised to restore the equilibrium of the ECM, employing biomimetic materials and cutting-edge drug delivery systems to advance tissue repair and regeneration. Such innovative approaches hold the promise of enhancing treatment outcomes by directly addressing the molecular mechanisms that underpin ECM dysfunction. Ongoing research into phase separation is imperative for translating these insights into clinical applications, potentially transforming therapies for intricate ECM disorders and offering renewed hope for improved patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1522109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Comorbidity and Associated Factors Among Patients With Hypertension in Health Facilities of Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Habtamu Endashaw Hareru, Banchayehu Azmeraw Gedamu, Mequanint Ayehu Akele, Endashaw Kefyalew Temesgen, Daniel Sisay","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7739774","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7739774","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Comorbidity in patients with hypertension presents a significant challenge to effective disease management, leading to worsened health outcomes due to increased complications, higher healthcare costs, and elevated mortality rates. In resource-limited settings like Ethiopia, the prevalence of comorbid disorders among patients with hypertension remains poorly understood. This lack of understanding is particularly alarming as noncommunicable diseases are on the rise, and the health systems in these areas are often inadequate. While different studies have assessed the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension, there is limited knowledge regarding the prevalence of comorbidity and related factors among patients with hypertension, particularly in Southern Ethiopia. To effectively develop integrated methods for the prevention, early diagnosis, and management of hypertension, a thorough understanding of the associated comorbidities and related factors is essential. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of comorbidity and its associated factors among patients with hypertension in healthcare facilities of Southern Ethiopia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with hypertension aged ≥ 18 years attending follow-up at Dilla University Teaching Hospital from November 30, 2022, to January 30, 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit 190 hypertensive patients from a hypertension registration logbook, collected using a pretested, structured-administered questionnaire and supplemented by a medical record review. The data collection tool was translated into the Amharic language and back-translated to ensure consistency. The data was analyzed using STATA Version 14. To characterize the data, descriptive statistics were applied. To determine the factors that are associated with comorbidity among patients with hypertension, a logistic regression model was fitted. Model fitness was checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value = 0.633), indicating an adequate model fit. In the end, an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated and interpreted, and a &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence of comorbidity among patients with hypertension was 56.8% (95% CI: 49.7%-63.7%). Several factors were found to be significantly associated with comorbidity. Patients aged 55 years and above were over four times more likely to have comorbid conditions (AOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 2.65-7.68), while those residing in urban areas had nearly seven times higher odds of comorbidity (AOR = 6.67, 95% CI: 2.73-8.72). Likewise, alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.50, 95% CI: 2.94-11.31), cigarette smoking (AOR = 4.87, 95% CI: 1.23-6.53), and having a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (AOR = 4.55, 95% CI: 2.78-10.9","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7739774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Therapeutic Potential of Biologically Synthesized Nanoparticles From Pine Needle Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Nourhane A Darwich, Noura S Abouzeinab, Ahmed F El-Sayed, Rana El Hajj, Mahmoud I Khalil","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1938383","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1938383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most widespread metabolic diseases characterized by increased blood glucose levels. According to the most recent research, the treatment of diabetes could be improved with the use of green-synthesized nanoparticles due to their biocompatibility, efficient cellular uptake, and targeted therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study, nanoparticles were biosynthesized using pine needle leaf extract to assess their antidiabetic potential in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Initially, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), yttrium-doped AgNPs (Y-AgNPs), and gadolinium-chromium-yttrium-doped AgNPs (GCY-AgNPs) were green-synthesized using pine needle leaf extract and characterized by UV-Vis, PL, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TEM, and VSM. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg), followed by administration of pine needle leaf extract (PNLE), AgNPs, Y-AgNPs, GCY-AgNPs (7.5 mg/kg each), and glibenclamide (GLB, 5 mg/kg) to diabetic rats for 7 or 21 days. The assessment included body weight, blood glucose levels, and biochemical, lipid, and kidney histology, along with molecular docking for nanoparticle-protein interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetic rats exhibited weight reduction alongside increased blood glucose levels. Treatment with green-synthesized nanoparticles markedly reduced blood glucose, along with aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, serum triglycerides (TG), total serum cholesterol (TC), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. The intraperitoneal injection of green-synthesized nanoparticles provided notable protection to rat kidneys against STZ-induced damage by maintaining the cortical and tubular structures, as well as mitigating the histopathological lesions. In-silico docking studies confirmed strong interactions of the nanoparticles with the antidiabetic targets via hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions, revealing possible therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among all nanoparticle formulations, GCY-AgNPS showed the strongest protective effect against STZ-induced diabetic kidney damage. The findings exhibited significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects against STZ-induced diabetes in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1938383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12824417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Herbal Medicine Use on Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Assefa Belay Asrie, Tafere Mulaw Belete, Tezera Jemere Aragaw, Melshew Fenta Misker, Alemante Tafese Beyna, Habtamu Semagne Ayele, Kidist Goshime Tekle, Yonas Zewdu Milikit, Ephrem Adane Andargie, Hiwot Tesfaselassie Afework, Yenatfanta Gezu Lenjiso, Gebrehiwot Lema Legese","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1020727","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1020727","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Blood lipid abnormalities are common among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and achieving better glycemic control may help improve their lipid profiles. Concomitant use of herbal medicines with conventional antidiabetic medications is a common practice among T2DM patients in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of herbal medicine use on lipid profiles among T2DM patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This is a cross-sectional study and was conducted from May 01 to July 30, 2024. A sample of 416 participants was approached for the study. The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the participants. The data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaire and patient medical record reviews. Patients were randomly selected, and their corresponding medical records, retrieved from the archive based on follow-up schedules of the patients, were accessed and reviewed using a data collection tool adapted from previous studies. Lipid parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, as well as TC/LDL-C, TG/LDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), were compared between herbal medicine users and nonusers using the Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; Test and linear regression analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the participants approached, 381 (91.6%) were included in the study. Among the participants included in the study, 141 (37.0%) reported having used herbal medicine since they were diagnosed with diabetes, and almost all were active users at the time of the study. The median TC, TG, and LDL-C levels and TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and AIP of herbal medicine users were significantly lower than those of nonusers (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), whereas the median HDL-C was significantly higher (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Moreover, linear regression analyses indicated that the TC, TG, and LDL-C levels were decreased by 6.84 mg/dL (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -6.84, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), 8.69 mg/dL (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -8.69, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), and 6.75 mg/dL (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -6.75, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), respectively, whereas HDL-C values increased by 1.59 (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = 1.59, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) in herbal drug users as compared with nonusers. Similarly, compared with nonusers, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios in herbal medicine users were reduced by 0.32 (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -0.32, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), 0.34 (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -0.34, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), and 0.23 (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = -0.23, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), respectively, whereas AIP decreased by 0.041.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In conclusion, the use of herbal medicines was associated with significant reductions in TC, TG, and LDL-C levels, as well as in the TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and AIP, whereas also associated with a significant increase in HDL-","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1020727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12823775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Major Role of Type 2 Inflammation in Asthma: From the Perspective of Immunological Mechanism.","authors":"Lanying Cheng, Lihong Sun","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5663596","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5663596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that affects individuals of diverse age groups globally and exhibits variable responses to different treatments. Type 2 inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of asthma through the production of cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, thereby inducing characteristic features of asthma such as elevated eosinophil levels and airway hyperresponsiveness. The findings of the current study indicate that over 50% of individuals suffering from asthma exhibit Type 2 inflammation, with a higher prevalence observed in severe asthma. Moreover, biologics specifically designed to target Type 2 inflammation not only demonstrate favorable outcomes in treating severe asthma but also offer promising prospects for managing this condition. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to comprehend the intricate mechanisms of Type 2 inflammation in asthma. This article is aimed at providing an overview of the involvement of structural cells, innate immune cells, and adaptive immune cells in relation to Type 2 inflammation in asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5663596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12817200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Investigation of the Gluteus Medius Muscle Innervation and Its Topographical Correspondence With Myofascial Trigger Points.","authors":"Roberto Procópio Pinheiro, Daniela Andrea Medina Macaya, Ana Maria Itezerote, Samir Omar Saleh, Flávio Hojaij, Mauro Andrade, Alfredo Luiz Jacomo, Flavia Emi Akamatsu Jacomo","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7544057","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7544057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Hip pain, a common complaint among adults that often causes functional disability, can be caused by femoroacetabular impingement, labral injuries, stress fractures of the femoral neck, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis of the femoroacetabular joint, hip fractures, greater trochanteric pain syndrome, pathology of the lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint, and myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). MPS is characterized by the presence of hyperirritable nodules, known as myofascial trigger points (MTPs), within muscles and fascia. MTPs limit the range of motion of the joints. Moreover, they induce a local contraction response triggered by mechanical stimulation. The stimulation of MTPs induces pain and sensory changes that can be localized or referred. The MTPs present in the gluteus medius muscle play a role in inducing patellofemoral pain, pain in the lower limbs, anterior region of the knee and thigh, and lower back; however, the anatomy of MTPs remains to be elucidated. This study is aimed at relating the entry points of the superior gluteal nerve into the gluteus medius muscle with the MTPs described in the literature via anatomical dissection.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty gluteus medius muscles of 10 adult cadavers were divided into four areas: posterosuperior, posteroinferior, anterosuperior, and anteroinferior. The distribution of the nerve branches was classified according to these predetermined areas. Statistical analyses were performed using Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function, followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All areas of the gluteus medius were innervated by the branches of the superior gluteal nerve. A significantly greater number of nerve entry points was observed in Areas II and IV (posterosuperior and anteroinferior, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The areas of penetration of the superior gluteal nerve correspond to the clinically described MTPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7544057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12812865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against NOTCH1 and NOTCH4: A Computational Approach for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Pooriya Teimoori, Kosar Khatir, Mohammadreza Heidari","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9723304","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9723304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an aggressive nature, a specific set of molecular characteristics, distinct patterns of metastasis, and a lack of targeted treatment. Many types of cancer have Notch pathway dysregulation, which leads to tumor initiation, spreading, and increased therapeutic resistance. In breast cancer, the overexpression of NOTCH1 and NOTCH4 in tumors suggests their role as oncogenes. The Notch signaling pathway is highly active in breast cancer tissues and thus can be considered a possible target. This project is aimed at developing a protein-based vaccine that targets NOTCH1 and NOTCH4 antigens associated with TNBC, using bioinformatic and in silico tools for increased precision, immunogenic potency, and faster therapeutic intervention development. The designed vaccine demonstrated coverage for 99.27%, indicating its potential effectiveness across diverse populations. Epitope-MHC docking simulations demonstrated strong binding affinities, with docking scores ranging from -135.96 to -285.59, suggesting effective immune system activation. The immune modeling analysis suggested that the vaccine can induce a consistent and accurate immune response alongside an increase in immunoglobulins, B cells, memory T cells, and cytotoxic T cells. Physicochemical evaluations confirmed the vaccine's stability, with an instability index of 39.70, indicating its robustness under physiological conditions. Furthermore, structural modeling of the vaccine indicated high stability and reliability under physiological conditions. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities with MHC I, MHC II, TLR4, and TLR7 molecules, with the highest docking score of -317.05 for TLR7 and the most favorable <i>Δ</i>G of -15.5 kcal/mol for TLR4. Molecular dynamics simulations (repeated three times) showed that the vaccine and its complexes with MHC I, MHC II, and TLR4 are stable, with the docked complexes exhibiting dynamic interaction. These findings collectively highlight a targeted approach to combating TNBC, demonstrating the vaccine's potential as a therapeutic candidate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9723304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12812874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm Formation in Clinical <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Is Influenced by Isolate Source and Is Inversely Correlated With Antibiotic Resistance.","authors":"Qutaiba Ababneh, Dua'a Alawneh, Ziad Jaradat, Esra'a Al-Zoubi, Ali Atoom, Neda'a Aldaken, Ekhlas Al-Rousan, Yazeed Alshari, Ismail Saadoun","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9348199","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9348199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a troublesome bacterium that is highly prevalent in hospital settings, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). Biofilm is one of the main virulence factors that makes <i>A. baumannii</i> a successful pathogen, enabling it to survive the harshest environments. This study aimed to corrolate the biofilm-forming capacity of clinical <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates with their antibiotic resistance phenotypes and isolation sources. A total of 327 clinical isolates originated from different hospitals, were recovered from diverse clinical specimens collected from patients admitted to the ICU and non-ICU wards. The isolates were characterized for their resistance phenotypes and biofilm formation capacities. Most <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates showed high resistance patterns against all examined antibiotics. Based on the resistance profiles, 81.2% and 12.3% of isolates were classified into extensively resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. Moreover, the number of the ICU isolates exhibiting the XDR phenotype (86.7%) was higher than non-ICU XDR isolates (76.4%). The biofilm-forming capacity varied among the isolates, with most of the isolates forming either strong (44.3%) or weak biofilms (25.7%). Additionally, the fraction of ICU isolates with a strong capacity to form biofilms (60.7%, 91/150) was higher compared with the non-ICU isolates (30.5%, 54/177). We found a significantly higher tendency to form biofilms in isolates that are susceptible to 10 out of the 17 antibiotics (<i>p</i> = 0.014-0.002), including three carbapenems. In addition, a significant difference in the ability to form biofilms was revealed between the isolates originating from different hospitals and clinical specimens. Notably, a higher tendency to form biofilms was associated with susceptible strains isolated from blood (<i>p</i> = 0.024-0.04) and cerebrospinal fluid (<i>p</i> = 0.001-0.009). Our findings indicate that investigating the biofilm formation capacity of clinical <i>A. baumannii</i> strains could help identify patients requiring short or extended therapeutic treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9348199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12810193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance of HPV Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers Among Healthcare Practitioners in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Nancy Innocentia Ebu Enyan, Mengying Zhang, Sebastian Ken-Amoah, Michelle King-Okoye, Joyce Agyeiwaa, Richard Sarfo-Walters, Dorothy Addo-Mensah, Patrick Kafui Akakpo, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Lawrence Doi","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9294978","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9294978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is one of the diseases that reflects global inequities. Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the main pillars of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2030 cervical cancer 90:70:90 elimination strategy. The role of healthcare practitioners in HPV vaccination acceptance cannot be overemphasized. This review investigated healthcare practitioners' knowledge, attitudes and barriers to promoting HPV vaccination in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search for relevant literature from 2006 to 2024 was conducted in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO (via Ovid), Cochrane Library and CINAHL PLUS (via EBSCOhost). The included studies were published in the English language. Screening of eligible studies, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted in duplicate. The data was synthesise using narrative synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 671 papers were identified from the database search, with seven studies meeting the criteria for inclusion. This review demonstrates varied levels of awareness, knowledge and attitudes of 136 healthcare practitioners in LMICs towards HPV vaccination. Although some studies demonstrated a positive attitude, others reported resistance towards the vaccine. The perceived barriers to HPV vaccination by healthcare practitioners identified were interpersonal, community-level and systemic in nature. Additionally, acceptance of HPV vaccination varied across the studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights the need for capacity building programmes for healthcare practitioners in the area of HPV vaccination to enhance their knowledge and attitudes and develop contextually relevant interventions to eliminate the many barriers they encounter.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9294978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12809713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}