Journal of neuroinfectious diseases最新文献

{"title":"Guillain Barre Syndrome Associated with Brucellosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"S. Daoud, N. Farhat, H. Kacem, O. Hdiji, S. Sakka, M. Damak, Chokri Mhir","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000277","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) ranks as the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis in the world. It is an autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy, usually preceded by an acute infection. Rarely, brucellosis may induce a GBS.Objective: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological diagnostic properties of Brucella-induced GBS.Case Report: A 54-year-old woman, with no past medical history, was followed in infectious disease department. She was diagnosed with brucellosis. She had received antibiotic therapy (Rifampicin 600 mg/day and Doxycycline 200 mg/day). After 4 days of treatment, she was referred to our department because of rapidly progressive, ascending, symmetric weakness and bilateral paralysis of muscles of the face. On admission, she was alert. The deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) were absent in all extremities. Muscle strength was 3/5 in the upper extremities and 2/5 in the lower extremities. Proprioception in the lower extremities was impaired, but she did not have any sensory problems. Our patient also presented a facial diplegia. Physical examination was normal, except for splenomegaly. A lumbar puncture showed an albumin-cytologic dissociation in the CSF. Nerve-conduction studies were suggestive of demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Coombs Wright titration was 1/160..Discussion: With a diagnosis GBS preceded by brucellosis, our patient was given an antibiotic therapy (Rifampicin 600 mg/day and Doxycycline 200 mg/day). During hospitalization, she had four plasma exchange sessions and a motor rehabilitation. In a follow-up after 4 weeks, our patient presented a partial recovery, and she was able to walk without support.Conclusion: This case demonstrates that brucellosis can present with a rare neurologic manifestation including GBS. Molecular mimicry seems to be responsible for this complication, through the synthesis of autoantibodies against myelin gangliosides. Thus, brucellosis should be ruled out in all patients who develop acute flaccid paralysis, especially in those who live in endemic areas.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81209732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncoupling of the Electron Transport Chain Compromises Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Exacerbates Stroke Outcomes.","authors":"Kimberly A Grasmick,&nbsp;Heng Hu,&nbsp;Emily A Hone,&nbsp;Imran Farooqi,&nbsp;Stephanie L Rellick,&nbsp;James W Simpkins,&nbsp;Xuefang Ren","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be implicated in stroke, but the complex mechanisms of stroke have led to few stroke therapies. The present study to disrupted mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation through a known electron transport chain (ETC) uncoupler, Carbonyl cyanide-4 (trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP). Analyzing the resulting neurological deficits as well as infarct volume could help determine the role of mitochondria in stroke outcome and determine whether uncoupling the ETC could potentially be a strategy for new stroke therapies. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of uncoupling electron flow on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and stroke infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cerebral endovascular cells (CECs) were treated with various concentrations of FCCP, and bioenergetics were measured. For the stroke mouse model, FCCP (1 mg/kg, i.p) or vehicle was administered followed by 1-hour transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Infarct volume was measured after a 23-hour reperfusion, and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to assess infarct volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FCCP significantly decreased basal respiration, ATP turnover, maximal respiration, and spare capacity when the concentration of FCCP was greater than 1000 nM. The mice pretreated with FCCP had a significantly increased infarct volume within the cortex, striatum, and total hemisphere. Mice receiving FCCP had a significantly increased neurological deficit score compared to the vehicle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FCCP compromised mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in CECs in a dose-dependent manner. Uncoupling the electron transport chain with FCCP prior to tMCAO exacerbated stroke infarction in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2314-7326.1000283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37718544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kocuria rhizophila Intracerebral Abscess in Diabetic Ketoacidosis","authors":"A. Nguyen, R. Allison, Ken Maynard, J. Patterson","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000275","url":null,"abstract":"Intracerebral abscesses are encapsulated intraparenchymal infections associated with a high mortality rate. These abscesses can be caused by a number of different organisms ranging from bacteria to fungi, parasites, and even malignancies. The most common causative agent depends on pre-disposing risk factors. In this article, we report a case of a brain abscess caused by Kocuria rhizophila, a pathogen that has not been previously reported to cause cerebral intraparenchymal abscesses.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87411571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptococcus Suis Meningitis in Thailand: A Summary of Case 101 Reports","authors":"V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000264","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infection is an important problem in medicine. The Streptococcal infection is a common problem in clinical practice and relating to the pyogenic infection.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80892325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opisthorchiasis and Hypophyseal Thyroid System Abnormality: Actual Problem or Coincidence","authors":"V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000263","url":null,"abstract":"The liver fluke infestation caused by Opisthorchis viverrini , infection is very common in tropical Southeast Asia. This infection can cause chronic liver problem and can induced the carcinogenesis at hepatobiliary system.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74684290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Exchange for Autoimmune Encephalitis and Acute Demyelinating Encephalomyelitis in Children: Clinical and Radiological Characteristics","authors":"T. Moussa, L. Baker, A. Chehab, H. Osman, A. Elbeltagi, A. Kaddourah, A. Khair, K. Mohamed","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000262","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a term used to indicate onset of acute neuropsychiatric symptoms with deterioration of consciousness, seizures and focal neurological deficit secondary to a presumed autoimmune aetiology. Infections such as acute bacterial or viral encephalitis, toxins and other causes of encephalopathy should be excluded. Additionally, a search for an aetiological factor should include testing blood and CSF for the likely causative antibodies.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75237177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tick Paralysis: A Treatable Disease Not to Be Missed","authors":"Karan B. Karki, P. Castri, Christina M. Abrams, S. Hitesh, Hu, N. Shah","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000261","url":null,"abstract":"Tick paralysis is a rare condition which can be treated easily but if undiagnosed can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. It is prevalent in certain areas especially in North America and Australia. It is characterized by acute onset symmetric lower extremity weakness and if not diagnosed early the weakness involves the upper extremities, cranial nerves, respiratory musculature leading to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. The clinical picture is often confused with other causes of acute onset paralysis eg., Guillain-Barre syndrome, the Miller Fisher variant, leading to unnecessary investigations and interventions complicating the clinical picture. The condition can be easily diagnosed by careful history and physical examination. Tick removal will lead to early and complete recovery of the condition. \u0000It is very important for the clinicians to be aware of this condition so that it can be recognized early to avoid unnecessary and expensive investigations, interventions, morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84567378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Approach to Infant with Sepsis and Neurological Complications Resulting in Multicystic Encephalomalacia","authors":"Mirla Fiuza Diniz, Rayanna Mara de Oliveira Santos Pereira, Leonardo Br, A. Barreto","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000260","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Destructive brain lesions result from aggression to the central nervous system and can be congenital or acquired in the postnatal period. When extensive, these lesions can produce cavitations, as in multicystic encephalomalacia (MCE). The most common etiology of MCE is neonatal hypoxia and ischemia, but there are reports of cases due to viral encephalopathies and head traumas. MCE has a poor prognosis, usually resulting in severe neurological sequelas or death. This article reports a case of multicystic encephalomalacia in the Santa Casa de Misericordia de Ouro Preto-MG (Brazil) contrasting its etiology with those found in the literature as well as discussing the treatment approach to the patient. \u0000Case report: A 10-month-old child, born full-term, hospitalized since birth for treatment of sepsis of pulmonary focus evolved with fungal sepsis and supratentorial hydrocephaly leading to the implantation of a ventricular shunt. As the patient developed ventriculitis, the catheter was removed. Polymyxin B was administered intrathecally and lumbar punctures were performed to relieve the hydrocephaly. The patient maintained the alterations in the liquor exam, despite the prolonged antibiotics therapy and had multiple cystic lesions, intra and extra-ventricular, with a compressive aspect, and residual brain parenchyma on the CT, characterizing MCE. The patient passed away after a few weeks of further care and no improvement on overall status. \u0000Discussion: MCE results from a brain lesion at the end of pregnancy, during birth or in the perinatal period, and it leads to the formation of poorly defined cavities with glial reaction creating septa. The etiologies presented by the patient of fungal and bacterial infection weren't common in the literature. \u0000Conclusion: The administration of a larger spectrum antibiotic and the reimplantation of the ventricular shunt could possibly have prevented the progression of the hydrocephaly and the evolution of the case to MCE.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89066241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs And Targeted MRNAs inPeripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"Haiqing Xu, Zhiwei Zhao, Hong Wang, Qiong Dai, Xiaoyan Wang, Aiqing Zhou, Meirong Wu, Xinglian Liu, Xuan Zhang, Lihui Wu, N. Zhong","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"Deregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is becoming recognized as a major feature of many neurological disorders. In the current study, we aimed to measure the expression of seven lncRNAs and lncRNA-targeted mRNAs in the peripheral lymphocytes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID) patients via quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). We found that in ADHD, the expression of mRNAs of the BDNF, SHANK2, HOXB5, and HOXA6 genes was down-regulated significantly, but there was no difference in the expression of selected lncRNAs. As for ASD, the expression of the mRNAs of the HOXA6 and HOXA13 genes was significantly down-regulated, accompanied by a significant reduction of lncRNA that overlaps with the gene locus of HOXA13. A gender-dependent difference in expression of lncRNAs and targeted mRNAs was indicated in ID. In male ID, there was a significantly down-regulated expression of mRNAs of HOXB5 and HOXA13, accompanied by differentially decreased expression of lncRNA-targeted mRNAs of SYT15, PKNOX2, SHANK2, HOXB5, HOXA6, and HOXA13. In female ID, the mRNAs of HOXB5 and HOXA6 were significantly down-regulated, with the significantly down-regulated expression of lncRNA-targeted mRNAs of BDNF, PKNOX2, HOXB5, and HOXA6, and the differentially increased expression of lncRNAs that overlap SYT15 and SHANK2. Our results indicated a differential expression pattern for lncRNAs and targeted mRNAs in the peripheral lymphocytes in different neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85217534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy Observation of Continuous Irrigation and Drainage with Double Cavity Catheter in the Treatment of Brain Abscess: 16 Patients Report","authors":"Xuejian Wang","doi":"10.4172/2314-7326.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2314-7326.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brain abscesses is of high morbidity and mortality despite medical advances. Today we present a single institution's experience with continuous irrigation and drainage with double cavity catheter in the treatment of brain abscess. \u0000Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 16 cases of brain abscess who underwent continuous irrigation and drainage with double cavity catheter surgical treatment and conjunction with 2 weeks to 4 weeks of intravenous vancomycin and metronidazole in the second hospital affiliated to Nantong university between June 2012 and February 2017. Patients were put in a double cavity tube into the brain abscess cavity. The medical records were analyzed for clinical presentation and outcomes. \u0000Results: Sixteen patients were treated in this group, including 15 were cured and one died of pulmonary infection. Of these patients, 13 were treated and extubated from 6 days to 14 days, 1 patients were 4 days later, 2 patients extubated in 16 days. CT or MRI were reviewed before discharge, 12 cases were fully closed, 4 cases were left with minor residual cavity, and the clinical symptoms of all the patient disappeared. A total of 15 patients were followed up from 3 years to 2 years, and no recurrence of abscess was reported. \u0000Conclusion: Continuous brain abscess cavity irrigation and drainage with double cavity catheter is an effective treatment for brain abscess and gets excellent treatment results. It is easy to operation and reduces the cost and damage to the patient, maybe the optimal choice to treat brain abscess.","PeriodicalId":89982,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neuroinfectious diseases","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85623815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}