{"title":"Push and Pull Method for Small Incision Cataract Surgery in Small Pupil: An Innovative Technique","authors":"Satyaprakash Singh, A. Singh, R. Oli, K. Dwivedi","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"A significant number of patients who present for cataract surgery have pupils that do not respond adequately despite several pharmacological attempts with different mydriatic agents. Most of the current available surgical maneuvers for enlarging the pupil and preventing its intraoperative constriction are not safe enough. They can lead to an increased risk of iris sphincter tear, bleeding, iris damage, posterior capsule tears, and loss of the vitreous body. The postoperative complications can include an atonic pupil of irregular shape leading to poor visual and cosmetic result. Large pupils postoperatively are associated with glare and a reduced depth of focus. We present our innovative technique “Push and pull method “for small incision cataract surgery in small pupils. This push and pull method of pupillary dilatation minimizes the likelihood of iris sphincter tears, thereby leading to no postoperative irregular dilated pupil and glare and better visual outcome.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41593382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conjunctival Seborrheic Keratosis Mimicking Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia","authors":"Goh Jwy, N. Bhatt, Tole Dm","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Seborrheic keratosis is a benign epithelial neoplasia that commonly occurs on the face and eyelids of middle-aged individuals. Its occurrence on the conjunctiva is rare. We report a case of conjunctival seborrheic keratosis that clinically resembled an ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). A 77-year old male was referred with a right temporal juxta-limbal conjunctival mass. Based on its appearance, a clinical diagnosis of OSSN was made and a wide excisional biopsy, cryotherapy and amniotic membrane graft was performed. A diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis was confirmed by histopathology. Our case highlights the fact that conjunctival seborrheic keratosis, though rare, can mimic malignant lesions such as OSSN and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conjunctival tumours.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44590816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topiramate Induced Myopic Shift with Anterior Angle Closure in a 16 Year Old Female","authors":"P. Pasquali, Ryan D. Brown","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000200","url":null,"abstract":"Topiramate is a commonly prescribed medication in the adult and pediatric population. It is most commonly used in migraine prophylaxis. This case report focuses on an uncommon but potentially dangerous side effect of topiramate use, and how it affects the ocular system of the patients that use it. This case increases awareness of Topiramate usage in the pediatric population. It also demonstrates need for high degree of clinical awareness, so treatment can be initiated promptly to lower risk of long-term squeal.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47500269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complications Associated with the Surgical Techniques of Upper Eyelid Loading: A Clinicopathologic Study of 7 Explanted Gold Weight Lid Loads","authors":"Izabela Ng, Radoslaw R, Robert K, Marek R","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"Loading of the upper eyelid with gold weights is a well-established procedure for the correction of paralytic lagophthalmos. Only a few studies show the impact of the implant on the surrounding tissues. The aim of this case series is to present clinicopathological correlations in patients requiring implant removal due to post-surgical complications. There were 7 patients (2 men, 5 women aged 24 -79 years) from a sample of 64 with unresolved facial nerve palsy and exposure keratopathy treated with upper gold-weight lid-loading from 2009-2014. Causes of implant removal were: swelling and reddening of the eyelid followed by weight extrusion in 5 cases, 1 excessive ptosis, and 1 unsatisfactory cosmesis. The mean implant weight was 1.5 ± 0.3 g. Complications occurred within 5-92 months. All weights were surrounded by fibrous capsules with lymphocytic infiltrates CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD20 positive. We conclude that complications related to operation technique mimicked an allergic reaction to gold.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43148447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Extracellular Matrices in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Migration","authors":"Shalaby Ua, Saeed Am, Elmohamady Mn","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To identify which extracellular matrix components modify retinal pigment epithelial cell migration and their interplay with matrix metalloproteinases in directing the behaviour of the cells in agarose droplets, an in-vitro model for cellular migration. \u0000Methods: Migration of the cells from agarose droplets on coated tissue culture plastic (fibronectin, laminin and collagen types: I and IV) in the presence as well as absence of serum was evaluated by using phase contrast microscopy and computer analysis of captured images. Expression of metalloproteinases -1, 2 and 9 by retinal pigment epithelial cells was determined by immunocytochemistry and was confirmed by western blotting. In addition, the effect of metalloproteinases inhibitor, batimastat (BB-94), on the cell migration and expression of MMPs were studied. \u0000Results: Retinal pigment epithelial cells migrated from agarose droplets in the presence of serum and fibronectin acted as an additional stimulus to migration, while laminin and collagen type IV inhibited migration in a dose dependent manner. Metalloproteinases -1, 2 and 9 were expressed by retinal pigment epithelial cells in culture as shown by immunocytochemistry and by western blotting. Expression of metalloproteinases on western blots was inhibited by use of BB-94. BB-94, also inhibited cellular migration from agarose droplets in a dose dependent manner. \u0000Conclusions: Retinal pigment epithelial cells migrate in the presence of fibronectin while expression of metalloproteinases may reflect cellular behaviour during PVR in which migration of cells from their basement membrane on to retinal surfaces requires an interaction between ECM protein and enzymes such as metalloproteinases to permit cellular invasion.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47705465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Bing Yu, Shuang Song, Xiaoya Gu, Q. Chen, P. Zhang, H. Dai
{"title":"Long-term Outcome of Laser Photocoagulation Combined with Ranibizumab Intravitreal Injection in Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion","authors":"Xiao Bing Yu, Shuang Song, Xiaoya Gu, Q. Chen, P. Zhang, H. Dai","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000204","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the efficacy of laser photocoagulation combined with ranibizumab intravitreal injection in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion in long term. \u0000Methods: 35 eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and 37 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) treated with or without laser combined with ranibizumab were investigated in this retrospective study. Laser was conducted 7-10 days after the third ranibizumab injection if fluorescein angiography showed ischemic area. In BRVO, patients may receive both macular grid and local peripheral retinal laser. In CRVO, patients just received peripheral retinal laser. We estimated the changes in visual acuity, central retinal thickness (CRT), number of injections and laser over 14 months. \u0000Results: Both BCVA and CRT improved significantly in BRVO (P<0.05) but only CRT improved significantly in CRVO (P<0.05) among 14 months. The mean number of injections was 4.06 in BRVO and 8.14 in CRVO. Mean number of macular grid and peripheral laser was 0.31 and 0.86 in BRVO. Mean number of peripheral laser was 0.41 in CRVO. \u0000Conclusion: Laser photocoagulation was important to patients with macular edema secondary to RVO after ranibizumab injections and may reduce the number of injections relatively in long term.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44691336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined Melanocytic Nevus with Common Nevus and Clonal/Inverted Type A Nevus in Conjunctiva-A Case Report","authors":"P. Wang, Sabet Sj, A. Radfar","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000203","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we report a case of conjunctival clonal/inverted type A nevus with mild atypia. A 24-year-old female presented with a pigmented lesion of the left conjunctiva and plica semilunaris which had grown and increased in pigmentation for approximately eight weeks. An excisional biopsy was performed to rule out atypia, infection, and melanoma. Histological examination revealed a clonal/inverted type A nevus with mild atypia. This is a relatively rare but benign entity which may occasionally cause diagnostic confusion with melanoma.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48061824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whiplash-Associated Accommodative Spasm Treated with Gamma-Amino-Butyric Acid Agonist","authors":"A. Imburgia, Sorrentino Fs, A. Mularoni","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000205","url":null,"abstract":"Spasm of the near reflex is characterized by miosis, excessive convergence and accommodative spasm (pseuomyopia) that usually occurs, on a functional basis, in young adults with underlying psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, hysteria). When this disorders occurs on a functional basis, miosis is always present as well as variable degrees of convergence and accommodation with pseudomyopia. Accommodative spasm can also occur after a head injury as isolated entity of spasm of the near reflex and causes symptoms (blurred vision, headache, and nausea) that are reversible after cycloplegia. Spasm usually resolves spontaneously after 1-2 years from the head injury, but in some cases may persist for a long time and cycloplegics not provide an effective and definitive solution to the problem. We report a patient with a whiplash-associated accommodative spasm and pseudomyopia, treated with GABA-B receptor agonist (Baclofen) that improved accommodative spasm.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48212811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nephropathic Cystinosis with Ocular Involvement - Two Case Reports at Campinas and Brazil","authors":"Messias Pn, Sobrinho Mva, Hoehr Gc, Selegatto Lt","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000199","url":null,"abstract":"Cystinosis is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder which leads to an aminoalkanoic acid crystals accumulation in tissues. In eyes, crystals accumulate within the tissue layer inflicting photophobia and eventually sightlessness, requiring anaplastic. During this research, we have a tendency to represent 2 cases, which were reported in patients with identification of Nephropathic Cystinosis and ocular manifestations, from identification through medical care and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45005415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bensalem, A. Chebbi, A. Rouatbi, L. Baili, M. Korbi, W. Zbiba, F. Boussema, K. BenRomdhane, H. Boughila
{"title":"Choroidal Metastasis as the First Sign of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Case Report","authors":"M. Bensalem, A. Chebbi, A. Rouatbi, L. Baili, M. Korbi, W. Zbiba, F. Boussema, K. BenRomdhane, H. Boughila","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"Metastases to the choroid from renal carcinomas are extremely rare with no more than 10 cases described in the literature. We herein report a case of rare involvement of the eye with choroidal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma presenting as the initial manifestation of an undiagnosed primary tumor. The 32-year-old woman was presented with acute blurring of the vision in the right eye. Fundus examination revealed an amelanotic subretinal mass. Oncology work-up has confirmed the diagnoses of choroidal metastases of renal cell carcinoma with widespread disease and a very poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48050395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}