International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Cornea Verticillata: A Case Report","authors":"R. Sharma, T. Sood, K. Chaudhary","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic medications may reach the cornea via the tear film, aqueous humor, and limbal vasculature. The corneal changes are often the result of the underlying chemical properties of medications. Amphiphilic medications (Amiodarone, chloroquine, suramin, clofazimine, etc.) may produce a drug-induced lipidosis and development of a vortex keratopathy. it is thought that shearing force of upper lid, which is maximal at apex of cornea results in preferential loss of epithelial cells at the corneal apex acting as a stimulus for the centripetal movement of cells from limbus to central cornea The area with the radiating lines of vortex pattern concentrate just below the limit of excursion of upper lid. Any line, dot or spot on cornea needs to be examined thoroughly not to be overlooked. Vortex keratopathy also stresses the importance of scanning for accumulation of such drugs in other organs. The physician who has initiated the drug regime needs to informed about potential deposition of such drugs in other body systems. We hereby intend to report a case of clofazimine induced cornea verticillata.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stop Medication to Avoid Oculoplastic Surgery: Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy","authors":"Maya Kalev-L, Oy, A. Achiron","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000171","url":null,"abstract":"A 65 year old patient was diagnosed with ocular hypertension his right eye (RE) and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma in his left eye (LE). He was treated bilaterally for several years with Lumigan (Bimatoprost 0.03%). However, in 2010 his LE intraocular pressure (IOP) was no longer medically controlled and he underwent a trabeculectomy surgery. LE IOP was subsequently controlled, without any medications. The patient continued to take the Lumigan to control IOP in his RE. On April 2014 the patient requested a referral for oculoplastic surgery (LE blepharoplasty), to treat a disturbing asymmetry in his eyes appearance. On examination we observed blepharochalasis in the LE which was prominent due to severe prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy (PAP) in the RE, (Figure 1). RE Lumigan was stopped and we started him on Betoptic-S (Betaxolol HCl 0.25%). 5 months later we observed a symmetric blepharochalasis bilaterally and disappearance of the LE PAP, (Figure 2). The Patient was content and was not interested in further intervention. \u0000The mechanism behind PAP include activation of prostaglandin F receptors, which are highly concentrated the in the eyelid tissue, cause an inhibition of preadipocyte differentiation. Orbital fat atrophy, due to lipolysis of adipocytes, leads to the loss preaponeurotic fat and upper eyelid fullness [3]. PAP is often reversible and discontinuation of PGAs is recommended when symptoms of patients overcome the need to reduce the IOP","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amantadine Corneal Toxicity:Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Alej, R. Rodríguez-García, S. Gonzalez-Godinez, Yol, A. Macías-Rodriguez","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report a case of bilateral corneal edema in a patient with a history of cocaine abuse and bipolar-depression treated with amantadine for 6 months, and to review the literature on amantadine corneal toxicity. \u0000Methods: The clinical record of a patient with amantadine corneal toxicity and the existing literature on this subject were extensively reviewed for prevalence, clinical presentation, pathogenesis and therapy. \u0000Results: A 27 year-old male who suffered from depression and cocaine abuse presented with sudden visual loss (20/150 OD and 20/200 OS) caused by bilateral corneal stromal edema without ocular inflammation. Corneal edema was related to amantadine therapy (200 mg per day) for 6 months. Visual acuity improved to 20/20 OU and corneal edema resolved after one month of cessation of therapy. Corneal endothelial cell density after 3 months of discontinuation of amantadine therapy was 636 ± 359 cells/mm² in the right eye and 1,176 ± 238 cells/mm² in the left eye. There was also increased pleomorphism (45.3% 6A cells OD, 56.4% 6A cells OS) and polymegatism (coefficient of variation, 39.04 ± 6.38 OD and 34.76 ± 2.68 OS). \u0000Conclusions: Amantadine therapy has become popularized for the treatment of many neurologic and behavioral disorders at all ages. It has been associated with reversible corneal edema but may cause irreversible endothelial cell damage after prolonged administration. This report summarizes the information currently available in the literature regarding amantadine corneal toxicity.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70881968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Inhibitors Binding Site of Ebola L Polymerase Based on its Homology Model","authors":"H. Amir, Gargouri Salma, B. Saloua, Ennouri Amine, S. Dorra, Feki Jamel","doi":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8955.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report an unusual association between posterior scleritis and cat scratch disease. \u0000Design: Observational case report. \u0000Methods: Review of the clinical, laboratory, photographic, angiographic, OCT scans, ultrasound and orbital MRI records of a patient with posterior scleritis secondary to cat scratch disease. \u0000Results: A 44- year- old female patient, with no history of inflammatory or systemic diseases, developed a rapid progressive loss of vision in her left eye associated with mild pain and redness. Best corrected visual acuity was at 8/20 in the left eye and 20/20 in the right eye. The mobilization of the eye ball was remarkably painfull. There was no afferent pupillary defect. Slitlamp examination showed a conjunctival hyperemia and a mild inflammation of the anterior chamber. Fundus examination revealed optic disc edema and choroidoretinal folds at the posterior pole. The right eye was normal. B- mode ultrasound examination revealed a thickened sclera with T-sign. Fluorescein angiography showed early hyperfluorescence of the optic disc and highlighted the choroidoretinal folds. OCT scans showed continuous undulations of the retina layers. Mantoux skin test result was negative. Initial laboratory tests revealed a biological inflammatory syndrome and a negative ANA and rheumatoid factors. A review by a specialist in rheumatology and internal medicine was unremarkable. The patient was treated then with oral corticosteroids. This resulted in the extension of both optic disc edema and choroidoretinal folds. Intensive workup revealed immunoglobulin M againt Bartonella Hanselae responsable of the cat scratch disease. Doxycycline was started and corticosteroids were tapered off. At the second week’s control, both optic disc edema and macular folds had completely resolved. \u0000Conclusion: Posterior scleritis due to cat scratch disease is rare. Antibiotic treatment is recommended to ensure a good visual outcome.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70248160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet Aggregation as a Predicting Factor of Normal-Tension Glaucoma","authors":"Dyah Retnaningsih Arida Widyastuti, Retno Ekantini, W. Gunawan","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000184","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the odds ratio of platelet aggregation as a risk factor of normal-tension glaucoma. Methods: This is a case control study with consecutive sampling technique. Samples were divided into 2 groups: (1) individuals with normal-tension glaucoma (case group) and (2) individuals without normal-tension glaucoma (control group). Each group consists of 30 individuals. Inclusion criteria for case groups: (1) Normal-tension glaucoma patient, (2) Age ≤ 50 years old, and (3) Provided written informed consent. Inclusion criteria for control group: (1) Subjects with age ≤ 50 years old, (2) No glaucomatous optical nerve papilla found in direct ophthalmoscope examination, (3) Intraocular pressure < 21 mmHg, (4) Provided written informed consent. Exlusion criteria includes normal-tension glaucoma or a non-glaucoma patient but with a tendency of platelet hyperaggregation such as in thrombotic stroke, myocard infarct, diabetes mellitus; or platelet hypoaggregation such as in uremia, liver diseases, myeloproliferative diseases, dengue fever; or drug use (aspirin, sulphinpyrazone, dipiridamol, thienopyridine, clopidogrel, glycoprotein blockers). Association between platelet aggregations with normal-tension glaucoma was evaluated with odds ratio, while association between platelet aggregation values with confounding factors was measured with multivariate analysis with coefficient of regression. Results: Three reagents were used to measure risk factors of normal-tension glaucoma. ADP 10 μM was shown to be stronger in predicting hyperaggregation in normal-tension glaucoma than ADP 5 μM or ADP 2 μM. However, no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among effects of each reagents on platelet hyperaggregation in normal-tension glaucoma patients were found. Conclusion: Normal-tension glaucoma risk factor was found in the utilization of ADP 10 μM and ADP 5 μM. Higher platelet aggregation results in higher risk of normal-tension glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal Nevus with Choroidal Detachment Simulating Intraocular Melanoma - Imageand Pathology Studies","authors":"Chun-Ju Lin, Jane-Ming Lin, Wen-Lu Chen, P. Tien, Y. Tsai","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000188","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Malignant uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumors in adults. Choroidal detachment and choroidal nevus may be confused with choroidal tumors. We report a case of choroidal nevus and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) complicated with macular pucker and choroidal detachment simulating intraocular melanoma. Method: Interventional case report. Results: A 59-year-old woman complained of visual disturbances and superior temporal visual defect for 1 month in the left eye. Funduscopy revealed macular pucker with lower RD and an elevated lesion with pigment mottling in the nasal-lower quadrant. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan showed macular pucker with subretinal fluid. B scan ultrasonography showed low to moderate internal reflectivity. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated irregular pattern of mixed hypo- and hyperfluorescence in the elevated lesion and dye pooling on the posterior pole. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an intraocular enhancing mass. Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed no abnormal 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake. Because the evidence of malignancy was not solid and the patient also sought to improve her vision, the small gauge vitrectomy was performed. A retinal break was found on the slope of choroidal detachment intraoperatively. Specimens were taken through the retinal break. Internal limiting membrane peeling, air-fluid exchange, focal laser around the retinal break and C3F8 tamponade were done. The postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no clue of enlargement. Due to mild hyperintensity on T1-weighted imaging, choroidal melanoma was suspected by the radiologist. However, pathology showed no malignancy. The retina was attached and the retinal break was sealed on the slope during 34-month follow up. Conclusion: Choroidal nevus and choroidal hemorrhage with detachment should be carefully differentiated from choroidal melanoma. Apart from CT and MRI, PET/CT can assess both anatomical morphology and cell metabolism in one single examination. Long term follow-up is necessary.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclooxygenase Expression in Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"D. CapizCorrea, A. Robles-Contreras, G. Tejeda-rojas, F. Sánchez-Moreno","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine cyclooxygenase 1 and cyclooxygenase 2 expression in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Prospective experimental case series of 24 tissue samples diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma between 2010 and 2012 at Foundation Hospital Nuestra Senora de la Luz and determine cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 expression. Results: 24 slides with diagnosis of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma were processed; 50% from male patients and 50% from female patients. From the 24 samples; 23 rendered primary CSCC and 1 recurrent CSCC. In all of the samples, COX-2 and COX-1 were expressed, although these did not correlate to the level of invasion and grade of differentiation. Conclusions: We found the expression of COX-1 to be a predominant marker in conjunctival tissue. COX-2 expression was found in higher levels at zones or borders of the tumor; as confirmed by an histopathological result of squamous cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Limbal Cysts: An Unusual Presentation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma ofConjunctiva","authors":"S. Hasan, A. Pathak, Somya Ish, Chauhan Ds","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva or cornea is a rare entity with varying clinical presentations. Often it is misdiagnosed as pterygium and undertreated. Presentation: An unusual case of 40 year old male, vendor by occupation with multiple cystic lesions with partly gelatinous surface on left eye limbus from 7’o clock to 9’o clock position. It also had a prominent, tortuous blood vessel supplying the lesion. Excision biopsy with 2 mm of healthy conjunctiva was carried out with cryotherapy. Histopathological examination confirmed our diagnosis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Eye drop Mitomycin C (0.02%) was instituted for a total of 4 weeks with midcycle interval of one week. As the course of MMC finished, another cryo application was done. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma can present in various clinical picture like in our case it presents uniquely as a cystic mass which has not been described in literature. After excision biopsy, cryotherapies with topical Mitomycin C are effective methods to prevent recurrence.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Exogenous Female Sex Hormones is Associated with Increased Risk of Orbito-Cranial Meningioma in Females: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Agus Supartoto, I. Mahayana, R. N. Christine, Suhardjo, A. N. Agni, M. B. Sasongko","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000183","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of exposure to exogenous female sex hormones with orbito-cranial meningioma among females. Methods: This was a case-control study of 115 women (40 orbitocranial meningioma cases and 75 healthy controls). All cases were confirmed by Multi-sliced head CT scan and histopathological examination following the surgical procedure. Age-matched control (2 years) were meningioma-free, confirmed by clinical examination and head CT-scan. Detailed history of previous hormonal contraception, menstrual cycle, parity history and other demographic data were obtained by interview. The association of hormonal contraception with incident meningioma was estimated using logistic regression, adjusted for education level, age of menarche, length of menstrual cycle and number of parity. Results: The median age of cases vs. control was 46 vs. 47 years (p=0.92). Cases had older age of menarche (13 vs. 11 years; p<0.001) and had used longer hormonal contraception (55% vs. 27% had used more than 10 years; p=0.005) compared to controls. The use of hormonal contraception containing progesterone was significantly associated with increased risk of orbito-cranial meningioma (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.47; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.08 5.64; P=0.03). Exposure to hormonal contraception for more than 10 years was also significantly associated with increased risk of developing meningioma (OR 3.95, 95%CI 1.67-7.64; p= 0.002). After adjusting for education level, age of menarche, length of menstrual cycle and number of parity, only exposure to hormonal contraception for more than 10 years remained significant. Conclusion: In this study, the use of hormonal contraception containing progesterone was associated with increased risk of developing orbitocranial meningioma in females. This finding highlights the public health importance of the use of hormonal contraception and suggests that further studies to understand its mechanisms are warranted.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Idiopathic Solitary Granuloma of the Uveal Tract: Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Wonchon Lin, R. Beardsley, Alison H Skalet, David J. Wilson, J. Rosenbaum, Phoebe Lin","doi":"10.4172/2324-8599.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8599.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of sequential bilateral idiopathic solitary granuloma of the uveal tract in a 51 year-old woman, who underwent enucleation in one eye due to complications of this condition, but was then successfully treated in the contralateral eye with anti-tumor necrosis-alpha therapy followed shortly by intraocular steroids and a steroid-releasing implant. Her visual acuity at its worst was 20/200 due to vitreous haze and cystoid macular edema, but then stabilized after successful treatment with a final visual acuity of 20/25 in her only seeing eye at 1 year follow-up. This represents the first known biopsy-proven case of bilateral idiopathic solitary granuloma, which additionally, has responded favorably to treatment.","PeriodicalId":89944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Ophthalmic Pathology","volume":"4 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70882014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}