Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis最新文献

{"title":"Fish Behaviors in Electromagnetic Fields","authors":"E. Foroozandeh, P. Derakhshan-Barjoei","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000377","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic Fields (ELFs) may change biological organisms' behaviors and brain mechanisms. There are some findings about laboratory animal’s behaviors after exposure to electromagnetic fields but the findings about changes in marine especially fish are limited. In this mini review after presentation of brain structure in teleost fish, the effects of ELFs on behaviors of fish are expressed.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"2018 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70335678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Immunohistochemistry Assay Results with Gene Expression Profiling Methods for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Subtype Identification in Matched Patient Samples","authors":"M. Schaffer, S. Chaturvedi, J. Alvarez, Sandy Frans, R. Aquino, B. Hall, M. Wildgust, S. Balasubramanian","doi":"10.4172/21559929.1000386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/21559929.1000386","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The cell of origin (COO) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has prognostic importance. While the COO was originally classified into germinal center B-cell (GCB) or activated B-cell (ABC) subtypes by microarray analysis, routine use was not practical. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)–based methods are widely used with varying results due to lack of standardization. Several classification methods have been developed recently; understanding the concordance between these and existing methods is essential to their practical application. Therefore, we evaluated concordance between 3 commercial assays: a standardized Hans-based IHC method and 2 gene expression profiling (GEP) methods and compared these to the accepted microarray classification.Methods: 137 DLBCL-confirmed tumor samples were evaluated using a standardized Hans-based IHC method for GCB or non-GCB subtype, by a published microarray-based assay, a digital gene expression-based Lymphoma Subtyping Test (LST) and a next-generation sequencing-based assay (EdgeSeq COO). Subtype calls from the 3 GEP methods were harmonized to “GCB” or “non-GCB” and assessed for concordance.Results: Concordance between the Hans-based IHC assay and the microarray-based assay, LST assay and EdgeSeq assay was 79.6% (N=137), 80.0% (N=125) and 78.2% (N=64), respectively; the positive percent agreement (PPA) in non-GCB was 88.9%, 87.0% and 78.1%, respectively. Concordance for the Hans-based IHC assay versus GEP methods was especially high for direct GCB calls (91.0%, 88.3% and 78.1% for microarray, LST and EdgeSeq COO methods, respectively). The newly developed GEP assays performed well against the microarray GEP method, against which they were calibrated (concordance 93.7% and 87.5% and PPA 94.3% and 92.9%, respectively, for LST and EdgeSeq COO).Conclusion: These results demonstrated good consistency between various platforms for stratification of DLBCL into COO subtype classifications. Application of a standardized Hans-based IHC assay offers a robust, rapid and easily accessible platform to classify DLBCL into prognostically important subtypes.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/21559929.1000386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70335988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Diagnostic Approach Prevails Superior Over Conventional GelElectrophoresis Method in Detecting Sickle Cell Anemia","authors":"K. Begum, M. Mannan, M. Sanyal, Md. Ismail Hosen, Sajib Chakraborty, H. Shekhar","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000382","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle cell anemia is defined as homozygosity caused by the mutation of the glutamic acid residue to valine in the β-globin gene. Sickle cell disease is an increasing global health burden with the estimated number of patients increasing in a concerning manner. Here we report a very interesting and clinically insightful case of hemoglobinopathy which was initially suspected to be Hb S/D Punjab- a rare type of hemoglobinopathy as diagnosed by the hemoglobinelectrophoresis technique. Despite the diagnosis report indicating the rare Hb S/D Punjab, the uncharacteristic clinical presentation of the patient which was not coherent with the classical symptoms of Hb S/D Punjab, forced the clinicians to turn their attention to molecular diagnosis. To clarify the etiology of the clinical case, a sequencing-based molecular diagnosis approach was adopted that revealed the mutational signature of sickle cell anemia (SCA). This case can be regarded as a prominent example where the molecular techniques lead to the correct diagnosis matching with the clinical symptoms while the conventional diagnostic approach failed.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70335889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Relationships between miRNAs used for Colorectal Cancer Screening","authors":"M. Herreros-Villanueva, R. Pérez-Palacios, Sergio Castillo, C. Segú, Teresa Sardon, J. Mas, A. C. Martín, R. Arroyo","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000398","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs have been proposed to function as biomarkers in several disorders including cancer. Particularly, those present in plasma samples have been validated for colon cancer screening purposes. However, mechanisms underlying miRNA regulating CRC development have not been fully investigated yet. The aim of this study was to perform a biological contextualization of a particular 6 miRNAs signature (Hsa-miR-15b-5p, Hsa-miR-18a-5p, Hsa-miR-29a-3p, Hsa-miR335-5p, Hsa-miR-19a-3p and Hsa-miR-19b-3p) already described as CRC screening tool in terms of its downstream targets and associated pathways, to understand how this set of miRNAs could be regulating colon cancer development. Our results demonstrated that Hsa-miR-15b-5p, Hsa-miR-18a-5p and HsamiR-29a-3p are the best contributors to the diagnostic value of the signature by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transformation though a gained balance of inhibiting tumoral suppressors genes such as ETS2, TP53, TLE3, ACVR2A.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70336221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Beta-Trace Protein and Cystatin C as Biomarkers for Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Bishoy El-Aarag, A. M. Abdu-Allah, Mohamed Aid Abo-Alfa, I. Sayed","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000399","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a major public health threat worldwide with consequences of kidney failure. Around 10% of the global adult population has CKD. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the diagnostic role of cystatin C (Cys-C) and beta-trace protein (BTP) as biomarkers for the detection of renal impairment in patients with CKD. The study included 89 individuals classified to healthy volunteers (n=30), patients with renal impairment (pre-hemodialysis) (n=29), and patients undergoing haemodialysis (n=30). The serum levels of Cys-C and BTP were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Cys-C and BTP levels were gradually increased in patients with renal impairment followed by patients undergoing hemodialysis in comparison with healthy volunteers. Also, there are significant correlations between the two markers with urea, creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate. ROC curve analyses data revealed that BTP and creatinine showed better diagnostic performance (AUC=1, Sensitivity: 100%, Specificity: 100%, and accuracy: 100%) compared to Cys-C (AUC=0.996, Sensitivity: 96.61%, Specificity: 96.67%, and accuracy: 96.63%). Taken together, these results recommended that BTP and Cys-C are potential markers than creatinine for the early detection of renal impairment in patients with CKD.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70336268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalized Serum EGF Levels as a Potential Biomarker in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Role of Platelets","authors":"Gonzalez-Perez Idania, Caceres Lavernia Haslen Hassiul, R. Camilo, C. Adriana, Leon Monzon Kalet","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000402","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Literature reports contradictory findings regarding the capacity of serum EGF concentrations ([EGF]) to differentiate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from healthy individuals. Therefore, the diagnostic capacity of [EGF], suggestive of dependency on this growth factor in NSCLC patients (tumors) and hence indicative of possible response to therapies directed to EGF/EGFR, is still an open question. Inconsistencies likely derive from the lack of harmonization and standardization in methodologies for blood and sera processing. Methods: A cohort of NSCLC patients was evaluated at diagnosis (25) and after first-line-therapy (18/25). Sera were collected 1 h and 4 h after phlebotomy, controlling the variables influencing [EGF]. EGF was quantified by ELISA. Platelets count was also estimated. The values obtained for several combined and/or normalized by platelets count, variables, were compared to those in selected cohorts of healthy controls. Results: We found differences between healthy individuals and NSCLC patients in the accessibility of EGF to circulation, but not in the total available EGF stock. Indeed, we observed a higher fraction of free EGF in the circulation of patients and consequently a lower amount of EGF stored in platelets. Interestingly, an aberrant relationship between EGF and platelets counts was also observed, especially in patients with thrombocytosis. Moreover, several EGF-related variables, with enough accuracy for discrimination, were identified. Particularly, those variables normalized by platelets count made more evident the differences between patients and healthy controls. Therefore, they might be potential biomarkers in NSCLC. Conclusion: Our results suggest the increase in free/accessible EGF in blood circulation as relevant to the biology of NSCLC, most likely because it reflects a higher accessibility of this growth factor for the tumor. They also suggest some of the study variables to be further evaluated on its predictive value, to select good responders to CIMAvax-EGF® or other therapies targeting the EGF/EGFR system.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70336811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Potential of Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs in Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"M. Ilmer, B. Renz","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000e128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000e128","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic options for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and, in particular, for unresectable cases are still limited. Hence, overall survival rates remain low and estimates suggest that PDAC will move up the ladder to become the number two in cancer-related deaths over the next decades [1,2]. Various factors endow PDAC with this drug resistance; one of the main contributors is the cancer niche which acts as an unsurmountable fortress due to its desmoplastic and poorly vascularized nature [3] as well as the additional activation of cancer stem cell (CSC) pathways in PDAC cells [4]. Hence, alternative treatment choices are profoundly necessary and need to be evaluated. Renz and colleagues discussed FDA-approved drugs on their theoretical antineoplastic potential in their recent comprehensive review ‘Repurposing Established Compounds to Target Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs)’ [5].","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000e128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70337674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Placental Extracts Improve Ovarian Function by Reducing Follicular Atresia in Mice With CTX-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure","authors":"Bao-fang Zhang, Lei Yu, Yueh-Feng Liu, Xue-ke Zhao, Li Zhu, M. Cheng, Ya-xin Hu","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000373","url":null,"abstract":"The details of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying premature ovarian failure (POF) remain unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that primordial follicle inactivity, disorders affecting follicular survival and growth and follicular atresia may affect an individual’s susceptibility to POF. The Rictor/mTORC2/Akt/Foxo3a pathway plays a central role in cytoskeletal construction and follicle survival. As a stronger alkylating agent that exerts immunosuppressive effects, cyclophosphamide (CTX) is widely used in clinical practice, especially in cancer. However, it also has significant reproductive toxicity. CTX accelerates the development of ovarian follicles into mature follicles, resulting in a decreased follicular reserve and ultimately leading to ovarian failure or even POF. We have sought to research effective methods to reduce the damage caused by CTX. Here, we investigated the protective role of human placental extracts on CTX-induced ovarian injury in mice. We describe the effects of HEP on histopathology, the number of atretic follicles, the weight of the ovary, serum hormone levels and apoptosis in granulosa cells. Our data show that ovarian injury can be effectively attenuated by HPE administration. Ovarian weight was higher, the number of atretic follicles was lower, the serum levels of the hormones E2 and P were higher, and the rate of apoptosis and the serum levels of the hormones LH and FSH were lower in granulosa cells in mice treated with HPE for 2 weeks than in the control group. A t the molecular level, our results demonstrated that HPE can be used to inhibit the expression of p-Rictor, Bad, Bax and PPAR and activate the expression of p-Akt and p-Foxo3a, thus preventing follicular granulosa cells from undergoing a higher rate of apoptosis and blocking atresia follicle formation. These effects alleviated CTX-induced ovarian injury by affecting the Rictor/mTORC2/Akt/Foxo3a signalling pathway.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70335520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: An Unusual Case of Purtscher's Retinopathy","authors":"Sunila Jain, S. Babiker, T. Keenan","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000374","url":null,"abstract":"Purtscher retinopathy is a hemorrhagic and vasoocclusive vasculopathy and was first described as a syndrome of sudden blindness associated with severe head trauma. We present a case report of an unusual case of this condition where this is unilateral and without direct head trauma. We also discuss the current literature about this rare condition.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70335570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Correlation between Serum Prolidase and Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels in Egyptian Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"M. Aly, O. Aly, H. Mahmoud, N. Ali","doi":"10.4172/2155-9929.1000389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000389","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts as the sixth most common neoplasm on a global scale and the third most lethal with >600,000 deaths per year worldwide. Despite regular surveillance to detect small HCC, HCC is often diagnosed at advanced stage, after the symptoms related to HCC have appeared, and the 5-year survival rate for patients is only 7%. If HCC could be diagnosed at an early stage, potentially curative option, such as resection, ablation, and transplantation may be considered. Prolidase is an important enzyme that cleaves the bonds of dipeptides containing proline (X-pro), and plays a vital role in collagen turnover, matrix remodeling and cell growth. Metastatic tumor cell produce enhanced number of proteases that enable them to penetrate basement membrane and extracellular matrix. Therefore, tumor progression might depend on the breakdown of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. Aim of the work: Assess the possible diagnostic role of serum prolidase compared to alpha- fetoprotein which is the slandered marker used for diagnosis of HCC. Methods: The study was conducted upon 90 subjects who were divided into three groups: group I included 40 patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, group II included 40 patients with HCV related liver cirrhosis without HCC, group III had 10 healthy subjects as controls. Plasma prolidase was measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant human peptidase D/prolidase (PEPD) ELISA kit lot. Results: In this study, the serum levels of serum prolidase were highest in patients of group I with HCC compared to those with liver cirrhosis and the control groups. Also, prolidase values increased with tumor number, overall size but not with vascular invasion nor with BCLC. Conclusion: There was a direct significant correlation between serum prolidase level and serum AFP level in HCC patients. Serum prolidase levels directly correlated to the tumor number and overall size so it has a good prognostic value.","PeriodicalId":89808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biomarkers & diagnosis","volume":"28 25 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2155-9929.1000389","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70336340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}