Journal of yoga & physical therapy最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Yoga on Oxidative Stress in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Subjects","authors":"Shreelaxmi Vh, A. Prabha, K. Shashidhar, S. Rajeshwari, A. Kalpana","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Aging along with increased oxidative stress has been suggested as contributory factors for initiation and progression of complications in diabetes mellitus. Present study aims to evaluate the effect of 3 month yoga on oxidative stress, BMI, blood pressure and glycaemic status in elderly type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Yoga was delivered to elderly diabetic (age>60, n=42) and younger diabetes subjects (age<60, n=45) for 3 months. Both groups continued their normal medication and diet. Results: Malondialdehyde showed a positive correlation with age in participants. Antioxidants showed a negative correlation with age and malondialdehyde. Yoga resulted in significant reduction in malondialdehyde, BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose and improvement in glutathione levels in both groups. Vitamin C and glycosylated haemoglobin showed improvement in younger subjects. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is higher in elderly type 2 diabetes patients when compared to younger patients. Yoga may be beneficial for reducing oxidative stress, BMI and blood pressure in diabetes subjects irrespective of age. Yoga can be an aid for management of diabetes in improving the antioxidant potential which deteriorates with age. Glycemic status improved in younger diabetes subjects.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pranayama Breathing is better for Brain Function","authors":"An, Shetty","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000E126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000E126","url":null,"abstract":"Pranayama (breathing exercises) has been practiced in India for more than several centuries. It is spreading all over the world due to its benefits on structural and functional aspects of all tissues in the body, specifically on cardio-respiratory system. Although the shortterm effects of pranayama is on the respiratory system, the long-term effect has shown to improve nervous system, circulatory system, endocrine system, and helps to maintain homeostasis of internal organs and their functions [1,2]. It provides a balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic physiology of the body. Although the ancient practitioners of pranayama never dissected or studied the internal organs of the body, they felt the changes taking place due to practice of pranayama. They also have developed the proper practicing modules and sequences for each of the pranayama exercises.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70371055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Contraction of Knee Stabilizer Muscles during Sustained Squat Posture (A Yogic Posture) in Athletes","authors":"Sanjeev Nara, Manvinder Kaur, D. Bhatia, D. Shaw","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000256","url":null,"abstract":"Simultaneous activation of muscles across a joint can be defined as muscle co-contraction. Its purpose is to augment the ligament function in maintenance of joint stability, provide resistance to rotation at a joint, and equalize the pressure distribution at the articular surface. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Co-contraction of selected knee stabilizer muscles as a measure of neuromuscular fatigue in relation to gender, performance and side (left and right) of male (n1=32) and female (n2=18) during sustained squat posture (yogic posture). Squat Posture was performed at an angle of 135o-150o because strength of knee stabilizers (muscles) varies from angle to angle and 135o to 150o is prominent angle range having high consideration for the performance of numerous physical daily routine activities such as walking, running, cycling, stepping and driving including development of fundamental skills for different sports across all ages and sex. Vastus Medialis (VM) and Vastus Lateralis (VL) muscles from the Quadriceps group were the knee stabilizers chosen for recording the EMG simultaneously from both right and left legs as these muscles are considered important for stabilization and protection of patellofemoral joint. The statistical analysis applied were ANOVA with post hoc analysis to determine the influence of fatigue in terms of gender, performance and side (left and right). The results showed significant female dominance behavior over males in coactivation of VM and VL muscles along with bilateral Asymetricity during sustained squat posture. The results of this study would help in better understanding the changes in knee stabilizers activation strategies that can help the clinicians and trainers in planning, execution of rehabilitation related to patellofemoral joint injuries.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-Dimensional Model of Dysfunctional Breathing and Integrative Breathing Therapy - Commentary on The functions of Breathing and Its Dysfunctions and Their Relationship to Breathing Therapy","authors":"R. Courtney","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000257","url":null,"abstract":"Dysfunctional breathing can be defined as breathing that does not fulfill its primary or secondary functions. It is not efficient, adaptive or appropriate for the changing needs of the individual. Dysfunctional breathing has 3 key dimensions biochemical, biomechanical and psychophysiological. This article discusses this multi-dimensional model of dysfunctional breathing, describes its evolution and application in a clinical setting. The article titled “functions of breathing and its dysfunctions and their relationship to breathing therapy” explores biomechanical, physiological and psychological aspects of breathing. It discusses the characteristics of neuromuscular, biochemical and psychophysiological dysfunctions of breathing, identifies common causes of these and describes the impact that dysfunctional breathing has on posture and motor control, hemodynamics, function of the lymphatic system, physiological regulation and the autonomic nervous system. It also briefly reviews some of the research on using breathing as therapy. In this commentary I will expand on the on the multi-dimensional model of dysfunctional breathing that underpins this article, describe the evolution of this model and discuss the practical application of this model in a clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7595.1000257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Yoga Research: Current Status and Recent Developments","authors":"P. Salmon, René Bayley-Veloso","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Foot Orthotics Study: Commentary","authors":"A. Rosner","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000255","url":null,"abstract":"A recent study was designed to assess the effect of orthotics upon both manual muscle testing and the duration of effects produced by the chiropractic manipulation of the spine [1]. It accomplished this by challenging the manipulation with daily activities (including walking and standing) and determining whether the use of custom foot orthotics prolongs the effects of manipulation which are presumably diminished over time by these activities. Using a means of testing several muscles bilaterally (gluteus maximus, popliteus, lower trapezius, middle deltoid, and neck extensors) in what is known as an applied kinesiology technique, it followed the natural history of indicator muscles of back pain upon their testing with or without orthotics and correlated these results with those of pain and disability, determining whether manual muscle testing results might be predictive indicators of pain and disability as well. The design of the investigation was a randomized controlled trial, in which one group received a custom fitted orthotic sole and the other a contoured sham device. The effects of manipulation were assessed by two primary outcome measures: (1) the Quadruple Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and (2) the Roland-Morris Disability Scale (RMS), and two secondary measures: (1) the determination of the number and location of vertebral fixations [FIX] as determined by palpation and challenge, (2) the determination of the number of weak muscles [WkMus] by a qualified AK clinician, the muscles having been considered relevant by the tenets of applied kinesiology (AK).","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-Based Clinical Application of Yoga for Stress Management","authors":"Da Li, Man C. M. Tsui, Guofu Zhang","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000253","url":null,"abstract":"A recent systematic review reports the effects of yoga on stress reduction. It inspires mental health professionals on the application of yoga for stress management in clinical practice [1]. Indeed, the causes of stress are multi-factorial and so are the management strategies [2]. This makes the consideration of various intervention modalities necessary. One should be open-minded enough to the potential application of pharmacological treatment and non-pharmacological treatment. In the authors’ clinical practices, it is not uncommon to find that medical professionals (including doctors and nurses) tend to mainly focus on biological mechanisms of interventions and sometimes neglect or even ignore the psychological basis. The reverse is true for non-medical personnel (such as social workers). In fact, while the main parameters of pharmacological treatment are physiological, it does not mean that physiological parameters do not exist in nonpharmacological treatment. Yoga is a good example which yields positive effects in both physiological and psychological aspects. A stress-diathesis model can be used to illustrate the interaction between these two aspects [3]. In this model, the diathesis (physiological predisposition) interacts with stressors (e.g. life events) to trigger psychological disorders such as depression. The greater the diathesis, the less stress is needed to trigger the disorder. Stress is thus well regarded as a determining factor which precipitates the illness and probably perpetuates it. In this regard, stress reduction is a crucial key to managing the illness. The findings of the systematic review highlight that practicing yoga yields psychological effects by empowering self-management of stress, and biological effects by better regulating the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal system [1].","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70369271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate differentiation of dyssynergic defecation patients from normal subjects based on abnormal anorectal angle in MR defecography","authors":"Afsaneh Nikjooy, N. Maroufi, E. Ebrahimi, H. Kharazi, B. Mahjoubi, H. S. Rad","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000251","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: We aimed to study the kinematic indices of the pelvic floor, anorectal angle and the descent of perinea, and the differing movement, in dyssynergic defecation patients in comparison with healthy controls, based on MR defecography. Methods: Twenty-two individuals involved with dyssynergic defecation constipation and fourteen healthy asymptomatic subjects fell into this study. In four dynamic pelvic floor MRI indices, namely paradox (unusual change of anorectal angle), perineal descent during straining, perineal ascent, and narrowing of anorectal angle at squeeze, were measured in patients and healthy subjects. Results: Paradox Index had the highest sensitivity (95.45%) and specificity (92.86%) for detection of dyssynergic defecation, with an R2 value of near 1 (0.902). The sensitivity and specificity of other indices were not high; therefore, no significant improvement could be achieved using other indices along with Paradox Index. Negative Predictive Value (92.85%) and Positive Predictive Value (95.45%) were only high in Paradox Index. Conclusion: Paradox Index was indicated to be the best finding of MR defecography for identifying dyssynergic defecation patients from healthy controls. Hence, MR defecography could be exploited as an authentic tool to manifest the patients the paradoxical function and the relevant muscles of pelvic floor, which could enhance their imagination of the correct defecation pattern during their treatment.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7595.1000251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70368749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Meditation and Yoga on Oxidative DNA Damage in Sperm: ClinicalImplications","authors":"S. Gautam, V. K. Biswas, S. Bisht, Sudheer Yi, R. Dada","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000250","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to the disruption of cellular homeostasis, a condition known as Oxidative Stress (OS). There is damage caused to almost all biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and even nucleic acids by several ways like programmed cell death with apoptosis, autophagy and the promotion of aging dependent processes. Free radicals subserve numerous functions at physiological levels; however supraphysiological levels are detrimental to all biomolecules and several redox dependent reactions. Almost every cell (both somatic and germ cells) is targeted by free radicals. However, the sperm is most vulnerable to OS. The uniqueness of sperm, a highly polarized cell, lies in its morphology, chromatin structure and function, characterized by a myriad of changes which occur during spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. Human sperm chromatin is relatively less compact as it retains 5–15% of histones in comparison to other mammalian species like bulls, stallions, hamsters, and mice, which retain <5% of histones. To aid in its functions, it assumes hydrodynamic shape post spermiogenesis and loses majority of its cytoplasm. This results in loss of majority of its antioxidants and compaction of sperm nucleus to a size 1/6th to 1/20th to that of somatic cell. Due to this highly compact chromatin sperm assumes a relatively transcriptionally and translationally inert state. But, Ioannou et al. reported the epigenetic role for the retained histones as the peripheral histone bound nucleosome complex remains transcriptionally active and susceptible to the environmental insult [1]. The contribution of sperm to embryonic development is frequently overlooked and is considered to be quiescent, whose only function is thought to be mere a delivery vehicle of the paternal genome to the oocyte. But oxidative damage to sperm DNA disrupts the integrity of its DNA and RNA so limits not only its fertilizing potential but also adversely affects development potential of embryo through dysregulation of sperm transcripts.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7595.1000250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70368713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Hyperthermia Applicators: Σ-60 or Σ-Eye?","authors":"D. Fatehi, G. Rhoon","doi":"10.4172/2157-7595.1000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7595.1000249","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim: The goal of this study was functional evaluation of two deep hyperthermia (DHT) applicators to know whether we can replace Σ-60 with Σ-Eye (or vice versa). Methods: Data of all 48 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who were treated within both applicators were analyzed. No performance of the longitudinal SAR-steering (SAR: specific absorption rate) option of Σ-Eye was done; thus, Σ-Eye was used as an Σ-60 with a modified water-bolus and shape. Temperature and RF-power (RF: radio frequency) indices were analyzed. Additionally a subgroup-analysis was applied for subgroups, categorized for the reasons of switching between the two applicators. Results: Analysis demonstrated a significant difference for power indices as applied to the two applicators; however, no difference was seen for temperature indices. The subgroup analyses revealed that when we applied Σ-Eye the power indices were mildly higher than those for the Σ-60. Contrarily, in majority of the patients applying Σ-Eye, number of off-switches and total switch-off time were lower than those for Σ-60. For the largest subgroup patients treated within the Σ-Eye, all temperature indices were slightly lower (ΔT=0.2–0.5°C) than those for the Σ-60 (p<0.028). Conclusion: In case of severe patients discomfort for DHT applicator, or when we are not satisfactory for the achieved temperatures, one can freely switch between the Σ-60 and Σ-Eye or vice versa during a DHT treatment series without loss in quality of treatment.","PeriodicalId":89697,"journal":{"name":"Journal of yoga & physical therapy","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70368543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}