The Internet journal of mental health最新文献

{"title":"Critical Study Of Near Drowning Cases At A Pediatric Emergency Department In West Africa","authors":"E. Onyekwelu","doi":"10.5580/125b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/125b","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drowning is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood globally. Children in the developed world are thought to be affected most by this event. However recent figures have shown that drowning contributes significantly to childhood deaths in developing countries. Drowning have been redefined. Method: To determine the pattern of near drowning in this setting a retrospective review of inpatient records of cases of childhood drowning and near drowning from september1999 to September 2008 was undertaken. Results. Seven cases were identified .Male children were more likely to drown, The manner of drowning was mostly accidental. The river was the most common place of these events. There was no pre-morbid psychopathology. Two cases were brought in already dead.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80297412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative A Boon In Disguise!","authors":"Arjit Kumar","doi":"10.5580/16a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/16a","url":null,"abstract":"In 1991, UNICEF and WHO launched the Baby?Friendly Hospital Initiative with the aim of increasing rates of breastfeeding. “Baby?Friendly” is a designation a maternity site can receive by demonstrating to external assessors compliance with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. The Ten Steps are a series of best practice standards describing a pattern of care where commonly found practices harmful to breastfeeding are replaced with evidence based practices proven to increase breastfeeding outcome. Currently, approximately 19 250 hospitals worldwide have achieved Baby?Friendly status, less than 500 of which are found in industrialised nations. The Baby?Friendly initiative has increased breastfeeding rates, reduced complications, and improved mothers' health care experiences. There is a small, quiet revolution going on. An important indicator of good health appears to be rising faster in areas of social deprivation. This may not be unique, but it is certainly unusual. Breastfeeding, which has long been associated with the higher socioeconomic groups in industrialised countries, is now growing rapidly in some of the most socially deprived areas of the UK and USA.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76284013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health And Social Problems Of Geriatric Population In An Urban Setting Of Gujarat, India","authors":"H. Chandwani, Parimal J Jivarajani, Harsha P Jivarajani","doi":"10.5580/27b7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/27b7","url":null,"abstract":"Change in socio-economic status and various health problems adversely affect an individual's way of life during old age .The present study attempts to assess the health and social problems of the elderly and their attitude towards life in an urban area of Gujarat. A total of 311 elderly persons (60 years old and above) were interviewed using a pre-tested schedule. Around 66% of the patients belonged to the age group of 60-69 years old. Nearly 13% of the respondents were illiterate. Around 56% felt they were not happy in life. A majority of them had health problems such as hypertension followed by arthritis, diabetes, constipation etc. About 44% of the respondents said that they were not loved by family members. The results of the study showed that there is a need for geriatric counseling centers that can take care of their physical and psychological needs. The study was done by the Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73769466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The question of pain relief on execution; An assignment or History been made","authors":"H. Hamalawy","doi":"10.5580/1b2d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1b2d","url":null,"abstract":"Reading the research letter published in the Lancet 1412-1414, Vol365 April 16, 2005 about Inadequate anaesthesia in lethal injection for execution (1) (A study conceived by LG Koniaris and JP Sheldon ). I was amazed by the concept that had always proven correct, (Reach for a taken for granted agreeable theorem and think about it, Challenge it and you are on your way to surprise the world.) Here is a mean of execution in the USA that I had always thought of as most human if compared to the violent Electric chair, Hanging, Gas Champers, or Shooting. DR Koniaris challenged that agreeable concept and researched it to find almost 40% of people executed that way were possibly aware of the horrible feeling of being paralysed and unable to wink, hypoxic and feeling the burning sensation of potassium shot injected into them. It was also revival of the logical debate, Should Doctors be part of execution when we all sworn to maintain life and cause no harm. Or should a doctor who knows so much about reducing human suffering by pharmacological means, Sets on his backside watching Somebody been hanged , shoot or electrocuted, With the scenery of Sadam Hussein not to far back in our memory . Moslem scholars are in agreement about executing the murder and cutting the hand of the violent rubber and dismembering those who spread evil community destructions, Are all just and deterring and by reducing crimes that would establish God kingdom on earth, That had never appealed to westerners, Although some see the logic of it. I personally heard of a highly regarded Islamic Scholar (2) that people by enlarge tends to sympathise with the victims of execution, But they never think how did these victims mange to get to such mischief in the first place , That would make any state determined to want to punish them, Whom did he or she had killed, rapped or violated, True I thought. Back in the hot summer of Al madinna Almunwara (Hejaz, Saudi Arabia)1985 Late afternoon on a Wednesday and following a busy day in the operating theatres,(3 I was called by the hospital director who had given my name as the Anaesthetist who will accompany the ambulance on the next Friday to attend Qesas after Friday mass prayer near by Prophet Mohamed PBUH masjed A yard known as Narring (Qessas) Area,( Where Islamic law punishments were implemented) Oh no not again I nearly shouted with visions of a mans head flying of his body, Brought back as a living memory, It was of a man who had killed his brother 16 years back. And an event that I had witnessed among thousands others not a long time back then. Do you really need an Anaesthetist for that? I asked. And The Director said a senior doctor had to accompany the ambulance for resuscitation should that be necessary, Sir what resuscitation when the head fly away and both Carotids drain like a fountain of blood all over the ground? I so that once and never hoped to ever see it again. No he said it is hands only this time. And I f you care to come to ","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"414 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80926005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Ascorbic Acid In Hypercholestrlaemic Subjects","authors":"P. Igbinaduwa, R. Okosun, I. Lauretta","doi":"10.5580/e73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/e73","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma Ascorbic acid, total cholesterol, High density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and Total cholesterol/High density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio were determined in 52 newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemic subjects and 48 normocholesterolaemic subjects. Hypercholesterolaemic subjects were defined as those with plasma total cholesterol ≥200mg/dl. The results showed that the mean plasma ascorbic acid levels were significantly lower in hypercholesterolaemic subjects when compared to normocholesterolaemics (P< 0.005) while total cholesterol , high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio were higher in hypercholesterolaemics than control (P<0.005). The low ascorbic acid levels observed in hypercholesterolaemics may be due to increased lipid peroxidation and hence low ascorbic acid levels may play a role in the aetiology of hypercholesterolaemia and therefore vitamin C supplements maybe useful in the management of Hypercholesterolaemia. INTRODUCTION Plasma lipids have many physiological functions and they have been incriminated as aetiological factors in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease 1 . Hypercholesterolaemia is due to an increase in both free and esterified cholesterol. It could be genetic, acquired or may be secondary to other disorders or to dietary factors 2 . The beneficial effect of lowering serum cholesterol have been demonstrated in several experiments and results show that reducing serum cholesterol on average by just 1 mmol/l (34.6 mg/dl) with diet or drugs resulted in significant decreases in the incidence of coronary heart disease and rate of progression of coronary lesions 3 . Ascorbic acid has antioxidant properties protecting cellular membranes 4 and could therefore protect against atherosclerosis 5 ; of which hypercholesterolaemia is a risk factor. This study is aimed at determining the level of ascorbic acid in hypercholesterolaemics. MATERIALS AND METHODS SUBJECTS AND SAMPLES Patients attending the medical outpatient of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, had their plasma total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol estimated and those with total cholesterol levels ≥ 200 mg/dl were selected for the study as hypercholesterolaemic subjects. 52 newly diagnosed subjects were selected for this study and 48 apparently healthy normocholesterolaemic subjects were used as control. Prior to the study, the subjects were not on Ascorbic acid supplement and were also not on treatment as they had no knowledge of their cholesterol levels. 10 ml of venous blood sample were collected in appropriately labeled potassium EDTA anticoagulated containers. These were centrifuged and plasma separated into appropriately labeled containers. The cholesterol was assayed immediately while the plasma was stored frozen and the Ascorbic acid assayed within 48 hours. ESTIMATION OF PLASMA ASCORBIC ACID REAGENTS Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 5 %( w/v)","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87587000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentia Effects Of Calabash Chalk On The Histology Of The Liver Of Adult Wister Rats","authors":"Moses B. Ekong, A. O. Akpantah, Ofon Samuel Ibok, M. Eluwa, T. Ekanem","doi":"10.5580/1c9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1c9","url":null,"abstract":"The environment we live contains different chemicals we consume oblivious of its detrimental effects. One of such is calabash chalk. This study was to ascertain the effect of two commonly available preparation of this chalk on the histology of the liver of adult Wistar rats. Twenty-four adult female Wistar rats of weight 90-110g were assigned into two groups (1, 2, and 3). Group 1 was the control and the animals received distilled water, while groups 2 and 3 were treated by oral gavage each with 40mg/kg of non-salted and salted calabash chalk respectively for 14 days. The liver sections of the non-salted group showed sinusoids enlargement and fragmented parenchyma, while the salted group presented no obvious pathology compared to the control. Besides liver histological and may be functional damage, this may prone the liver to susceptibility to other form of toxins. We thus infer that the non-salted calabash chalk is detrimental to health unlike the salted calabash chalk.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88189263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Correlates Of Domestic Violence In Married Women In Urban Area Of Ludhiana, Punjab, India","authors":"A. Chaudhary, Sangeeta Girdhar, R. Soni","doi":"10.5580/2631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2631","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Domestic violence against women is the most pervasive human rights violation in the world today. Almost two out of five ever married women in India are subject to spousal violence. Objectives: To estimate the extent of problem in married women attending OPD at Urban Health Centre.To ascertain various epidemiological factors associated with domestic violence. And to estimate the strength of association between epidemiological variables and domestic violence. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the population covered under the urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana city, Punjab, India. All the married women in the age group of 15-45 years attending OPD at Urban Health Centre from Jan to June 2006 were included in the study. Results: Out of 276 women interviewed, 147(53.3%) reported occurrence of domestic violence. It was found to be significantly higher in those women who were working (68.4%) as compared to housewives. In women whose husbands were alcoholic, 87.5% had ever experienced violence. Emotional abuse occurred in 40.6% followed by economical abuse (37.0%) and physical violence (22.4%). The predominant cause of domestic violence was observed to be stress in the family.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91147458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information Level, Risk Perception And HIV/AIDS Socio-Cultural Aspects Relation In Young People Of Itabuna, Northeast, Brazil.","authors":"S. B. Matos, A. P. Ramos, S. Lima, K. Borges, Verônica C. R. Pacheco, M. Moreli","doi":"10.5580/164d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/164d","url":null,"abstract":"The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is chronic and progressive diseases where the lack of knowledge and prevention increases the infection rate and contribute to young people death. The educational campaigns are pointed as the best alternatives of prevention. We aimed to explore essential points to approach in future HIV/AIDS preventive campaigns . We used the evaluation of a questionnaire completed by 450 individuals included in the research. It was concluded that the television was the main source of information about HIV/AIDS. The participants showed a good knowledge about general aspects related to HIV/AIDS, but they did not think thems3elves to be vulnerable to the virus. So this fact is very important to be mentioned in future campaigns in order to make it more efficient and to achieve all the proposed objectives.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88960680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endemicity And Intensity Of Vesical Schistosomiasis: Epidemiological Profile Of Two Local Government Areas Of Benue State - Nigeria","authors":"R. Houmsou, S. Kela, M. Suleiman, J. Ogidi","doi":"10.5580/21b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/21b","url":null,"abstract":"Vesical schistosomiasis is one of the major public health problems facing developing countries with severe social and economic consequences. Studies were carried out to ascertain the prevalence, incidence, intensities and aspects of morbidities in Schistosoma haematobium infection in two Local Government Areas of Benue State, Central –Nigeria. The study was conducted in the dry season between November 2008 and March 2009. Seven hundred and fifty (750) urine samples were obtained from primary schools, secondary schools and communities. Using the urine filtration technique for the quantification of Schistosoma haematobium eggs, an overall infection of 44.6% was observed out of the 750 urine examined. The months of February 2009 and March 2009 recorded the peak of infection with 52.0% each and no significant difference was observed between monthly infection (X 2 =27, P>0.05). A linear relationship was observed between the season of greatest risk (dry season) and prevalence of infection (r = 0.1, p<.01). The age groups (7-10), (11-13) and (15-18) years had the highest prevalence rates of 7.2%, 15.1% and 12.8% respectively. Males recorded higher infection than females, 24.8% and 19.8% respectively, there was no significant difference in infection between age groups, and between males and females (X 2 = 15.7, P>0.05). Painful urination, urinary frequency, visible haematuria and terminal haematuria were the common symptoms encountered in the study area and were significantly associated to infection (r = 0.3; r = 0.3; r = 0.4; r = 0.5 respectively, p<.01). The study revealed that Schistosoma haematobium infection is endemic and is considered as a public health problem in the areas. Therefore, treatment of infected people and health education are recommended as the first line of intervention.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88580685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morbidity Profile And Drug Distribution Pattern At A Newly Established Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"M. Sharma, D. Agrawal, Dinesh Kumar, N. Goel","doi":"10.5580/acb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/acb","url":null,"abstract":"Disease variation is a common phenomenon, yet at single place there exists some pattern, knowledge of which is important, for planning new hospitals/health care establishments and/or running one of the already existing. The drug utilization pattern to manage the diseases is also equally important. The study aiming at finding out the pattern of disease & drug distribution was conducted with the above objectives on 2964 patients (males 1019, females 1945) attending general OPD of Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida during July 13 to October 31, 2006. The respective prevalence of systolic hypertension & diastolic hypertension was 9.4% & 12.8% in males and 12.1% & 15.6% in females. Under-nutrition was more common than over-nutrition in both sexes (in males under-nutrition 54.1%, over-nutrition 7.2% and in females under-nutrition 46.2%, over-nutrition 11%). Among males percent proportion of morbidity in the form of upper respiratory infection (URI), low backache (LBA), lower respiratory infection (LRI), acid peptic disease (APD), intestinal parasitosis (IP), bronchial asthma (BA), scabies, malaria and anaemia was 12.6, 9.1, 7.2, 7.0, 7.0, 6.9, 3.7, 2.6, and 0.4% respectively. In females similar figures were 7.6, 18.3, 3.7, 13.6, 4.4, 2.4, 2.2, 1.5 and 3.2 along with the 8.7% additional proportional morbidity in the form of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Proportion wise drug distribution amongst males was analgesics & antipyretics (24.3%), antihistaminic (21.0%), antibiotics (14.8%), vitamins & minerals (12.8%), anti-parasites (7.0%) and antacids (5.8%). For females similar figures were 24.9%, 16.7%, 18.8%, 11.6%, 18.8%, 6.7% and 8.9% respectively. The category � �other drugs, � � the proportion use of which was 12.8% in males & 6.6% in females, included deriphyllin, scabizole, alprazolam, antihypertensives & chloroquine.","PeriodicalId":89628,"journal":{"name":"The Internet journal of mental health","volume":"451 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77025804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}