Bioelectromagnetics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Viral Inactivation on Dry Surface by High Peak Power Microwave (HPPM) Exposure","authors":"Ibtissam Echchgadda,&nbsp;Jody C. Cantu,&nbsp;Joey Butterworth,&nbsp;Bryan Gamboa,&nbsp;Ronald Barnes,&nbsp;David A. Freeman,&nbsp;Francis A. Ruhr,&nbsp;Weston C. Williams,&nbsp;Leland R. Johnson,&nbsp;Jason Payne,&nbsp;Robert J. Thomas,&nbsp;William P. Roach,&nbsp;Bennett L. Ibey","doi":"10.1002/bem.22435","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22435","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has shown that virus infectivity can be dramatically reduced by radio frequency exposure in the gigahertz (GHz) frequency range. Given the worldwide SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which has caused over 1 million deaths and has had a profound global economic impact, there is a need for a noninvasive technology that can reduce the transmission of virus among humans. RF is a potential wide area-of-effect viral decontamination technology that could be used in hospital rooms where patients are expelling virus, in grocery and convenience stores where local populations mix, and in first responder settings where rapid medical response spans many potentially infected locations within hours. In this study, we used bovine coronavirus (BCoV) as a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2 and exposed it to high peak power microwave (HPPM) pulses at four narrowband frequencies: 2.8, 5.6, 8.5, and 9.3 GHz. Exposures consisted of 2 µs pulses delivered at 500 Hz, with pulse counts varied by decades between 1 and 10,000. The peak field intensities (i.e. the instantaneous power density of each pulse) ranged between 0.6 and 6.5 MW/m², depending on the microwave frequency. The HPPM exposures were delivered to plastic coverslips containing BCoV dried on the surface. Hemagglutination (HA) and cytopathic effect analyses were performed 6 days after inoculation of host cells to assess viral infectivity. No change in viral infectivity was seen with increasing dose (pulse number) across the tested frequencies. Under all conditions tested, exposure did not reduce infectivity more than 1.0 log_10. For the conditions studied, high peak power pulsed RF exposures in the 2–10 GHz range appear ineffective as a virucidal approach for hard surface decontamination. © 2023 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"44 1-2","pages":"5-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9179261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bem.22432","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 8","pages":"449-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bem.22432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47924063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to 10 Hz Pulsed Magnetic Field Induced Slight Apoptosis and Reactive Oxygen Species in Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts","authors":"Zheng Huang,&nbsp;Cheng Ding,&nbsp;Xinzhao Huang,&nbsp;Chuan Sun,&nbsp;Liangjun Zhong","doi":"10.1002/bem.22428","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22428","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (MFs) have been increasingly used as an effective method in oral therapy, but its potential impact on health has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the impact of 10 Hz pulsed MF exposure on primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) derived from eight healthy persons (four males and four females). Cells were exposed to 10 Hz pulsed MFs at 1.0 mT for 24 h. Cell apoptosis, cell cycle progression, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, DNA damage, and cell proliferation were determined after exposure. The results showed that 10 Hz pulsed MFs exposure have slight effects on cellular apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage in primary HGFs from some but not all samples. In addition, no significant effect was found on cell proliferation. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 8","pages":"476-490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10433073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 40 Hz Magnetic Field Application in Posttraumatic Muscular Atrophy Development on Muscle Mass and Contractions in Rats","authors":"Figen Cicek,&nbsp;Bora Tastekin,&nbsp;Ilknur Baldan,&nbsp;Murat Tokus,&nbsp;Aykut Pelit,&nbsp;Isil Ocal,&nbsp;Ismail Gunay,&nbsp;Hasan U. Ogur,&nbsp;Hakan Cicek","doi":"10.1002/bem.22429","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22429","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Muscle atrophy refers to the deterioration of muscle tissue due to a long-term decrease in muscle function. In the present study, we simulated rectus femoris muscle atrophy experimentally and investigated the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) application on the atrophy development through muscle mass, maximal contraction force, and contraction–relaxation time. A quadriceps tendon rupture with a total tenotomy was created on the rats’ hind limbs, inhibiting knee extension for 6 weeks, and this restriction of the movement led to the development of disuse atrophy, while the control group underwent no surgery. The operated and control groups were divided into subgroups according to PEMF application (1.5 mT for 45 days) or no PEMF. All groups were sacrificed after 6 weeks and had their entire rectus femoris removed. To measure the contraction force, the muscles were placed in an organ bath connected to a transducer. As a result of the atrophy, muscle mass and strength were reduced in the operated group, while no muscle mass loss was observed in the operated PEMF group. Furthermore, measurements of single, incomplete and full tetanic contraction force and contraction time (CT) did not change significantly in the operated group that received the PEMF application. The PEMF application prevented atrophy resulting from 6 weeks of immobility, according to the contraction parameters. The effects of PEMF on contraction force and CT provide a basis for further studies in which PEMF is investigated as a noninvasive therapy for disuse atrophy development. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 8","pages":"453-461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10434682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypomagnetic Field Exposure Affecting Gut Microbiota, Reactive Oxygen Species Levels, and Colonic Cell Proliferation in Mice","authors":"Aisheng Zhan,&nbsp;Yukai Luo,&nbsp;Huafeng Qin,&nbsp;Wei Lin,&nbsp;Lanxiang Tian","doi":"10.1002/bem.22427","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The gut microbiota has been considered one of the key factors in host health, which is influenced by many environmental factors. The geomagnetic field (GMF) represents one of the important environmental conditions for living organisms. Previous studies have shown that the elimination of GMF, the so-called hypomagnetic field (HMF), could affect the physiological functions and resistance to antibiotics of some microorganisms. However, whether long-term HMF exposure could alter the gut microbiota to some extent in mammals remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term (8- and 12-week) HMF exposure on the gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice. Our results clearly showed that 8-week HMF significantly affected the diversity and function of the mouse gut microbiota. Compared with the GMF group, the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids tended to decrease in the HMF group. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that HMF promoted colonic cell proliferation, concomitant with an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To our knowledge, this is the first <i>in vivo</i> finding that long-term HMF exposure could affect the mouse gut microbiota, ROS levels, and colonic cell proliferation in the colon. Moreover, the changes in gut microbiota can be restored by returning mice to the GMF environment, thus the possible harm to the microbiota caused by HMF exposure can be alleviated. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 8","pages":"462-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10544554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bem.22430","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 7","pages":"395-397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bem.22430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47987066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Treatment in a Rat Model of Senile Osteoporosis In Vivo","authors":"Jun Zhou,&nbsp;Jinling Wang,&nbsp;Mengjian Qu,&nbsp;Xiarong Huang,&nbsp;Linwei Yin,&nbsp;Yang Liao,&nbsp;Fujin Huang,&nbsp;Pengyun Ning,&nbsp;Peirui Zhong,&nbsp;Yahua Zeng","doi":"10.1002/bem.22423","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study assessed the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) in a rat model of senile osteoporosis and the underlying molecular events. 24-month-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control and PEMF groups (<i>n</i> = 8 per group) using a random digit table, while 3-month-old male SD rats were set as the young-age control group. Rats in the PEMF group were treated by PEMF for 40 min/day for 5 days/week. Bone mineral density/microarchitecture, level of serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling genes in rat bone marrow cells were then analyzed. The 12-week PEMF intervention showed a significant effect on inhibition of age-induced bone density loss and deterioration of trabecular bone structures in the PEMF group rats versus control rats, that is, the treatment enhanced bone mineral density of the proximal femoral metaphysis and the fifth lumbar (L5) vertebral body and improved the proximal tibia and L4 vertebral body parameters using bone histomorphometry analysis. Furthermore, the BALP level in the bones was significantly increased, but the TRACP5b level was reduced in the PEMF group of rats versus control rats. PEMF also dramatically upregulated expression of Wnt3a, LRP5, β-catenin, and Runx2 but downregulated PPAR-γ expression in the aged rats. The results demonstrated that PEMF could prevent bone loss and architectural deterioration due to the improvement of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation and proliferation abilities and activating the Wnt signaling pathway. Future clinical studies are needed to validate these findings. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 7","pages":"438-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40476850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study Evaluating the Feasibility of Testing for an Acute Impact of Human Exposure to a Power-line Frequency Magnetic Field on Blood Cortisol and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone","authors":"Alexandre Legros,&nbsp;Michael Corbacio,&nbsp;Sébastien Villard,&nbsp;Martine Souques,&nbsp;Jacques Lambrozo","doi":"10.1002/bem.22426","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous studies have been carried out on the potential effects of an extremely low frequency (ELF—0–300 Hz) magnetic field (MF) on human health. However, there is limited data on the effect of a high exposure level to ELF MFs for a prolonged period. Therefore, the objective of this pilot work was to demonstrate the feasibility of a study evaluating the stress hormone concentrations resulting from a 10-min exposure to a 60 Hz MF of several tens of thousands of µT. In this pilot study, human volunteers were thus exposed for the first time to a 60 Hz, 50 mT MF for a duration of 10 min. Stress hormone levels were measured before (once), during (twice) and after (once) this 10-min exposure period. The small sample size (<i>n</i> = 5) did not allow to conduct standard inferential statistical tests and no conclusion regarding the exposure effects can be drawn. However, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using a simple blood testing material in a protocol testing for the effect of a 10-min exposure to a high MF level in healthy human volunteers. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 7","pages":"399-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9828214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10512885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid Baroreceptor Magnetic Activation and Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability, Implications to Treat Abrupt Blood Pressure Elevation in Labile Hypertension","authors":"Juraj Gmitrov","doi":"10.1002/bem.22425","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mounting evidence suggests enhanced blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) independent role in cardiovascular (CV) damage. The goal was to estimate the effect of the carotid baroreceptor (CB) magnetic stimulation on sudden high BP elevation. Mean femoral arterial BP (MAP), heart rate (HR), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and ear lobe skin microcirculatory blood flow, by microphotoelectric plethysmography (MPPG), were simultaneously recorded in conscious rabbits sedated by pentobarbital intravenous (i.v.) infusion (5 mg/kg/h) after 40 min CB exposure to 350 mT static magnetic field (SMF), by Nd₂-Fe₁₄-B magnets (<i>n</i> = 14), or sham magnets exposure (<i>n</i> = 14). BRS was assessed from HR and MAP responses to abrupt hypotension induced by i.v. bolus injections of nitroprusside (Ni) and abrupt MAP elevation (MAP_AE) by i.v. bolus of phenylephrine (Ph). Beat-to-beat BPV was estimated by MAP standard deviation. SMF CB exposure significantly increased BRS_Ni (74.5 ± 17.8%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and microcirculation (23.8% ± 11.0%, <i>P</i> = 0.039); decreased MAP (−5.7 ± 1.7%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.014) and phenylephrine-induced MAP_AE (−19.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.043). MAP_AE positively correlated with resting MAP (<i>r</i> = 0.342, <i>P</i> = 0.0383) and MAP SD (<i>r</i> = 0.383, <i>P</i> = 0.0194), and inversely with BRS_Ph (<i>r</i> = −0.47, <i>P</i> = 0.0156). SMF CB exposure enhanced the nitroprusside, which acts by releasing nitric oxide (NO), vasodilatory effect. This indicates arterial baroreflex to improve vessel sensitivity to NO, which is a new physiology with BP buffering effect. A positive correlation of MAP SD to phenylephrine BP ramps suggests a causal relationship and BPV prognostic significance to forecast abrupt BP elevation. Mechano/baroreceptor magneto-sensing property proposed to be the basic physiology by which SMFs boost CV autonomic regulation with potential implementation in high CV risk labile arterial hypertensive disease. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 7","pages":"413-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40474895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Capacitive Coupling of Proximal Electromagnetic Sources With Biological Bodies","authors":"Andreas Christ,&nbsp;Arya Fallahi,&nbsp;Esra Neufeld,&nbsp;Quirino Balzano,&nbsp;Niels Kuster","doi":"10.1002/bem.22422","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bem.22422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the absorption of the induced E-field in homogeneous biological tissue exposed to highly localized field sources in proximity of the body, such as the charged tips of antennas, where E-field coupling dominates. These conditions are relevant for compliance testing of modern mobile phones where exposure is evaluated at small separation between radiators and the body. We derive an approximation that characterizes the decay of the induced E-field in the tissue as a function of distance. The absorption is quantified in terms of the local specific absorption rate (SAR) at the tissue surface as a function of the charge at the antenna tip. The approximation is based on the analytical evaluation of the E-fields of a charged disk under quasi-static conditions. We validate this approximation using full-wave simulations of dipoles. We demonstrate that the coupling mechanism of the E-field is dominated by the perpendicular field component and that wave propagation need not be considered for the characterization of the exposure. The surface SAR decreases approximately with the fourth power of the distance and with the square of the ratio of the permittivities of the tissue and free-space. The approximation predicts the induced maximum E-field with an accuracy of better than 1.5 dB. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8956,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectromagnetics","volume":"43 7","pages":"404-412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40446240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}