Wildlife biology in practice (Online)最新文献_第2页

Local community perception towards bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Caves in South central Mindanao, Philippines: Threats and Implication for conservation 菲律宾棉兰老岛中南部洞穴中当地社区对蝙蝠(哺乳目:翼目目)的看法:对保护的威胁和启示

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2016-05-30 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2016.12.2

K. Tanalgo, Reggie D. Teves, Florence Roy P. Salvaña, R. Baleva, J. Tabora

{"title":"Local community perception towards bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Caves in South central Mindanao, Philippines: Threats and Implication for conservation","authors":"K. Tanalgo, Reggie D. Teves, Florence Roy P. Salvaña, R. Baleva, J. Tabora","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2016.12.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2016.12.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the tropics, bats are an essential component of many native ecosystems, through providing various ecological services including pollination and insect pest control, in addition to seed dispersal. Many Philippine bat species roost in caves and underground habitats. However, many caves are disturbed by people, to exploit resources for food, recreation, and mineral and guano extraction. The misunderstanding of the importance of bats to the ecosystem is also considered a threat to many cave roosting species. Understanding the conflicts between humans and ecosystems which provide essential services is important to maintain ecosystem service provision. A total of 100 local respondents from the village of Pisan, Kabacan North Cotabato in south central Mindanao were interviewed through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Respondents were asked about their views, levels of knowledge, use, interaction, and awareness towards both the caves and bats in their locality. Our survey found that most of the respondents are aware of the presence of bats from the caves in their locality. Unfortunately, a large proportion of the respondents noted that bats are hunted in caves for bush meat and trade, and most people perceived bats as pest to fruit crops such as durian. These factors are among the main factors of the execution of many bat colonies in caves of south central Mindanao. In general, cave bats are under appreciated species in caves. The unregulated tourism, hunting for bush meat and trade, and guano extraction are among the alarming threats occurring for both caves and bats in the locality and possibly to other localities in the country. Furthermore, the establishment of strong and effective model conservation education programs and the strengthening the participation of local government, academic, and community are essential steps to preserve the current state of cave bats in the area.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"92 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83758171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Factors Affecting Jaguar and Puma Predation on Livestock in Costa Rica 影响哥斯达黎加美洲虎和美洲狮捕食牲畜的因素

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2016-05-30 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2016.12.3

Víctor H. Montalvo

引用次数: 6

Potential impact of Wild boar (Sus scrofa) on Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) nesting success 潜在影响的野猪(野猪)雉(Phasianus colchicus)嵌套的成功

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2016-05-30 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2016.12.4

F. Santilli, D. Senserini

引用次数: 9

Rapid assessment and extinction prediction using stochastic modeling of the endangered amargosa vole 基于随机模型的濒危amargosa田鼠快速评估与灭绝预测

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2016-04-26 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2016.12.1

J. Foley, P. Foley

{"title":"Rapid assessment and extinction prediction using stochastic modeling of the endangered amargosa vole","authors":"J. Foley, P. Foley","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2016.12.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2016.12.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Amargosa vole, Microtus californicus scirpensis, is an endangered microtine rodent obligately found in marshes near the Amargosa River, Mojave Desert in California. Very few data to inform modeling and adaptive management. If interventions are postponed until data are available, the vole could go extinct in the interim, making a more flexible modeling approach imperative. The voles face threats from environmental and demographic stochasticity, Allee effects, inbreeding, genetic drift, intense predation, and disease. The modeling approach used here is based on diffusion methods for time series of population size constrained by a carrying capacity, focusing on environmental stochasticity and the probability that the variance in population growth could allow the population to encounter the lower “absorbing” boundary and go extinct. We parameterized the model with Amargosa vole data that stand as Bayesian “priors” for carrying capacity, until more data can be obtained and allow us to refine a more accurate estimate. There are no multiple-year time series data or data for most demographic characteristics of the Amargosa vole, forcing us to look to California vole time series as a Bayesian prior. Our analysis indicated expected 20-24 years to extinction and 4-5% probability of extinction in one year due to environmental stochasticity: the real time could even be shorter if there is significant demographic stochasticity. Implementation of management based on best available modeling will be crucial to avert this risk. This modeling approach also has merit for other species in urgent need of management even in the face of early projects lacking mature data sets.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87153407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Validation of an Et-Aas Method for the Determination of Pb and Cd in Liver and Kidney Samples of Brown Hare (Lepus Europaeus P.) et -原子吸收光谱法测定褐兔肝脏和肾脏中铅和镉的验证

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-11-17 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.7

D. Beuković

引用次数: 3

Defecation rate of Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) and European Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus) 东棉尾和欧洲褐兔的排便率

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-11-17 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.6

J. Cerri, M. Ferretti, Erika Merci, L. Petralia

{"title":"Defecation rate of Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) and European Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)","authors":"J. Cerri, M. Ferretti, Erika Merci, L. Petralia","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2015.11.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2015.11.6","url":null,"abstract":"Pellet count techniques are a useful tool to assess the density of many mammal species, such as European Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus) and Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus). Different methods have been developed, some of them accounting for the decay rate of pellets in the study area, nevertheless all of them require the estimated number of droppings produced through time by the single individual, the “defecation rate\". Despite this very few papers define this value for the two species. Daily droppings produced by five caged individuals of Eastern Cottontail were collected from November 2013 to March 2014 and the daily number of pellets produced by four couples of caged European Brown Hare was estimated from March to October 2013. The effect of environmental temperature on the production of pellet was measured, to check for potential seasonal differences. A defecation rate of 485.9 ± 34.05 pellets per day was estimated for S.floridanus, whereas a value of 394.9 ± 16.94 pellets per day was estimated for L.europaeus. Environmental temperature did not influence the defecation rate of the two species.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"65 1","pages":"56-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75044892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Perimortality in a Captive Reared Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina).

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-11-17 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.8

G. Garcia

{"title":"Perimortality in a Captive Reared Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina).","authors":"G. Garcia","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2015.11.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2015.11.8","url":null,"abstract":"Perinatal mortality has been reported in cattle, swine, goats, sheep and rabbits; however, there have been no documented reports on this phenomenon in agouti (Dasyprocta leporina). The agouti is a Neotropical polytocous rodent, hunted for its meat. This study reports on an incident of perinatal mortalities in a captive reared agouti from the wildlife unit of the Faculty of Food and Agriculture. The pluriparous female agouti was reared in captivity from birth and had delivered three (3) previous litters successfully. These ranged from 2-3 young, with a 100% survival rate. This case presented a difficult labor, with delivery of three (3) healthy female precocious offspring (434g, 378g and 402g), and three (3) perinatal mortalities (285g, 368g and 300g). The female agouti died during delivery and postmortem results indicated that Dystocia resulting in Secondary Uterine Inertia as the cause of death. This abnormally large litter may have been as a result of captive conditions, where an abundance of food and a lack of predators may have dulled the animal’s survival instinct. The agouti’s ability and the time taken to deliver all six (6) young may also have contributed to the animals delivery stress.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"110 1","pages":"70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80545359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Survival and Dispersal of White-tailed Deer in an Agricultural Landscape 白尾鹿在农业景观中的生存与传播

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-06-02 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.5

C. Anderson, C. Nielsen, E. Schauber

{"title":"Survival and Dispersal of White-tailed Deer in an Agricultural Landscape","authors":"C. Anderson, C. Nielsen, E. Schauber","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2015.11.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2015.11.5","url":null,"abstract":"White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are a keystone species \u0000throughout their range in North America. The recent presence of diseases \u0000such as chronic wasting disease and bovine tuberculosis in Midwestern \u0000North America dictates the examination of influences of those diseases on \u0000deer populations, and survival and dispersal rates are important parameters \u0000when modeling potential disease spread. We quantified survival and \u0000dispersal rates of 105 deer in agriculturally-dominated east-central Illinois \u0000during 2005-2009. We used Program MARK to estimate rates of annual \u0000survival, seasonal survival, and dispersal for fawn, yearling, and adult \u0000age-classes. Male and female seasonal (winter/spring [16 Dec–14 May], \u0000summer [15 May–30 Sep], and fall/winter [1 Oct–15 Dec]) survival ranged \u0000from 0.56-0.95 and 0.84-0.96, respectively. Male survival was lower than \u0000female survival during the fall/winter season. Dispersal rates for yearling \u0000and fawn males and yearling and fawn females were 0.44 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± \u00000.07, respectively. The dispersal rate of adult males was 0.46 ± 0.15 and no \u0000adult females dispersed. Deer survival appears to be higher than previously \u0000reported in the region, with important implications for potential disease \u0000spread. Furthermore, the observation of long-distance dispersal (42–96 km) \u0000combined with greater estimates of survival may impact current chronic \u0000wasting disease modeling efforts.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"112 1","pages":"26-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87623202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Communal nesting of the small Japanese field mouse in tree cavities in early spring 早春，小日本田鼠在树洞里共同筑巢

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-05-20 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.2

Ryuji G. Furukawa, Kei K. Suzuki, T. Shimamoto, H. Yanagawa

引用次数: 0

Using stomach contents for diet analysis of carnivores through DNA barcoding 利用胃内容物通过DNA条形码对食肉动物进行饮食分析

Wildlife biology in practice (Online) Pub Date : 2015-05-20 DOI: 10.2461/WBP.2015.11.4

T. Santos, C. Fonseca, Tânia Barros, R. Godinho, C. Bastos-Silveira, V. Bandeira, R. G. Rocha

{"title":"Using stomach contents for diet analysis of carnivores through DNA barcoding","authors":"T. Santos, C. Fonseca, Tânia Barros, R. Godinho, C. Bastos-Silveira, V. Bandeira, R. G. Rocha","doi":"10.2461/WBP.2015.11.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2461/WBP.2015.11.4","url":null,"abstract":"Diet studies based exclusively on morphological analyses commonly show high percentages of unidentified items due to intense deterioration. In this study we explore the advantages and disadvantages of the application of DNA barcoding in the dietary studies of carnivores, using the Egyptian mongoose as a model species. To do so, we extracted and amplified DNA of samples from stomach contents, using the COI marker. We were able to identify six prey species that had already been mentioned in other studies, but we also identified five new species in the diet of this carnivore. Although we did not find contamination with the predator’s DNA, we reported five cases of cross-contamination among vertebrate items within the same stomach content, and 14 vertebrate tissues that were identified as arthropods and nematodes. This suggested that molecular identification of stomach contents must be carefully evaluated. Despite some problems with the DNA barcoding, this is a useful tool for determining the diet of carnivores, and thus should be considered as a complementary tool to morphological analysis.","PeriodicalId":89522,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife biology in practice (Online)","volume":"47 1","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87325497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9