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Autoimmune Hepatitis: An Update on Current Animal Models 自身免疫性肝炎:当前动物模型的最新进展
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-04-10 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010039
D. Bogdanos, U. Christen
{"title":"Autoimmune Hepatitis: An Update on Current Animal Models","authors":"D. Bogdanos, U. Christen","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010039","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease of unknown origin characterized serologically by the presence of hyperglobulinemia and high-titre autoantibodies and histologically by interface hepatitis leading to cirrhosis. The immunopathogenesis of AIH is not well understood. Hepatocyte destruction in AIH is likely to originate from an autoimmune attack but what it is responsible for the loss of immunological tolerance to disease-related autoantigens is un- known. In this review, we critically evaluate the current experimental AIH models and discuss their advantages and dis- advantages in relation to the human disease.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77967507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Diagnostic 'Errors' in a Single Urogenital Pathology Unit 单一泌尿生殖病理单位的诊断“错误”
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-03-18 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010031
M. Cardillo
{"title":"Diagnostic 'Errors' in a Single Urogenital Pathology Unit","authors":"M. Cardillo","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010031","url":null,"abstract":"To understand better the factors that contribute to diagnostic errors in urogenital pathology units, as part of our ongoing research into urogenital cancers, from a consecutive series of 6304 histologic reports for the years 2003 to 2006 we selected for review those containing more than one evident error. We reviewed 1746 urogenital histopathologic diag- noses, 1459 (83.56%) referred to biopsies and 287 (16.43%) to surgical specimens. Of the 1746 reports reviewed, 1643 diagnoses (94.10%) were in agreement and 103 (5.89%) in disagreement with the reviewer's rating. Among these 103 di- agnoses, 77 (70.75%) had justifiable and 27 (26.21%) unjustifiable discordances. Of these 27 discordances, 23 were un- justifiable discordances containing errors with consequences that affected patient management. The poor diagnostic effi- ciency found in a single anatomopathological unit raises concern and suggests considerable room for improvement. Effi- ciency could be substantially improved if pathological services strictly applied the existing international measures for quality control.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76878462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primary Rectal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: Report of a Case with Extensive FISH Study 原发性直肠粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤:一例广泛的FISH研究报告
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-03-11 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010028
W. Hwang, H. Ye, Shu-Hui Lin, S. Chuang
{"title":"Primary Rectal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: Report of a Case with Extensive FISH Study","authors":"W. Hwang, H. Ye, Shu-Hui Lin, S. Chuang","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010028","url":null,"abstract":"Primary rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a very rare entity with scarce cytoge- netic/molecular genetic data. We presented a polypoid rectal MALT lymphoma in a 75 year-old male. The tumor com- prised small atypical lymphocytes forming focal lymphoepithelial lesions and expressing CD20 but not CD5, CD23, CD43, or cyclin D1. They were negative for translocations involving IGH, MALT1, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 genes, and the copy numbers of chromosomes 3, 12, and 18 were normal by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The patient was dis- ease-free for 83 months after oral endoxan and prednisolone and concurrent local radiotherapy. With increasing awareness of this disease and accumulating reports on clinicopathological and molecular data, the pathogenesis, best treatment strat- egy and clinical course of such tumors will be uncovered.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"28-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86743670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pathomorphosis of Uterine Myomas in Women 女性子宫肌瘤的病理形态
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-02-12 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010019
P. Madej, J. Madej
{"title":"Pathomorphosis of Uterine Myomas in Women","authors":"P. Madej, J. Madej","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010019","url":null,"abstract":"Taking stroma (ECM-extracellular matrix) and not tumour parenchyma as a criterion of categorization, the tu- mours can be divided into two groups, i.e. those which produce stroma (non-epithelial malignant tumours) or sarcomas and the tumours which take advantage of the local tissue stroma (malignant epithelial tumours) or carcinomas. Involve- ment of stroma is noted also within the reciprocal relationship between stroma and tumour cells, which has been described in detail on the example of uterine myoma. ECM also \"collaborates\" with CAM (cell adhesion molecules), particularly in development of neoplastic metastases. Pathomorphosis of myomas, myosarcomas and of \"stromal\" uterine tumours was described with particular attention given to differential diagnosis and the resulting clinic predictive and prognostic implications. A probable mechanism of neopla- sia based on dissipative structures of cells was presented and introduction of a disoric zone of a tumour, i.e. of a marginal zone between the tumour and the morphologically normal tissue was suggested. The zone seems extremely important in prediction and prognosis related to relapse and/or tumour metastases.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82786727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Utility of Prostatic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of Adenocarcinomas Not Otherwise Specified from metastatic Tumours of the Oral Cavity 前列腺标记物在鉴别口腔转移性肿瘤腺癌中的应用
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-02-06 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010013
A. Epivatianos, A. Poulopoulos, A. Kiziridou, M. Belazi, Savas Iordanidis, D. Antoniades, H. Zairi
{"title":"Utility of Prostatic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of Adenocarcinomas Not Otherwise Specified from metastatic Tumours of the Oral Cavity","authors":"A. Epivatianos, A. Poulopoulos, A. Kiziridou, M. Belazi, Savas Iordanidis, D. Antoniades, H. Zairi","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010013","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and ( alpha)- methylacyl-CoA racemase gene ( P504S) in normal salivary glands and adenocarcinomas not otherwise specified (NOS). Material & Methods: Tissue specimens of 18 normal salivary glands and 22 cases of adenocarcinomas NOS of the oral cavity, formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded were studied by using monoclonal antibodies for PSA, PAP and P504S. Results: Positive staining for PSA was detected with one of the two used monoclonal antibodies in normal salivary glands (89%) and adenocarcinomas NOS ( 45.45%) whereas negative staining was observed for PAP and P504S. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the detection of prostatic markers such as PAP, P504s with the use of monoclonal antibodies may offer an adjunctive aid in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinomas NOS from metastatic carcinomas, when the origin of the primary tumours is unknown.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81108350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cell Origin of Tumors and the Persistence of Cancer Propagating Cells in Tumor Lesions 肿瘤的细胞起源和肿瘤病变中肿瘤增殖细胞的持续存在
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-01-28 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010006
D. Aldinucci, R. Perris
{"title":"Cell Origin of Tumors and the Persistence of Cancer Propagating Cells in Tumor Lesions","authors":"D. Aldinucci, R. Perris","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010006","url":null,"abstract":"Cells defined as \"cancer stem cells\" because of a postulated ability to self-renew in a stem cell-like fashion and regenerate a tumor analogous to that of provenience upon transplantation have been described in a range of myeloid leu- kemia, breast, prostate, brain, colon and ovarian cancers. However, the precise origin of these cells remains an enigma. Surgical pathologists have suspected for decades that connective tissue tumors could arise through the neoplastic trans- formation of an immature multipotent cell and that this cell persisted in the lesion in a transformed state. This hypothesis was later supported by some experimental data generated by hematologists who demonstrated the presence of stem/progenitor-type cells in different types of leukemia. In fact, increasing evidence now suggests that quiescent leuke- mic cells resembling normal hematopoietic stem cells and displaying a clonogenic self-renewal capacity are central in sus- taining these pathologies. Although it remains technically challenging to verify the precise origin of a tumor, recent ex- perimental findings in animal models incite a revisiting of the dogma that epithelial tumors may solely form as a conse- quence of a multistep \"dedifferentiation process\" of specialized epithelial cells. Moreover, despite the fact that progressive accumulation of genetic aberrations may remain the primary event leading to malignant transformation, some gastrointes- tinal tumors have been proposed to originate from stem cells residing within discrete niches of the intestinal crypta. Thus, the recent identification of discrete populations of tumor initiating cells in a number of carcinomas, melanomas and brain tumors, may be interpreted as to assign a more predominat role than previously thought to immature progenitor cells just as the ones specifically targeted by neoplastic transformation.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88253213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Oral Inverted Ductal Papilloma: Report of a Case with Immunohistochemical Study 口腔内翻导管乳头状瘤:免疫组织化学研究1例报告
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2008-01-24 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010001
A. Epivatianos, D. Antoniades, T. Zaraboukas, A. Poulopoulos
{"title":"Oral Inverted Ductal Papilloma: Report of a Case with Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"A. Epivatianos, D. Antoniades, T. Zaraboukas, A. Poulopoulos","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010001","url":null,"abstract":"Oral inverted ductal papilloma (IDP) is a very uncommon lesion of minor salivary gland origin. Forty five cases have been reported in the literature. We describe a case of IDP developed as an asymptomatic submucosal mass in the hard palate of a middle-aged woman. Excisional biopsy was performed, and ten months of patient's follow-up showed no evidence of recurrence. The major portion of the tumour was made up of proliferating configurations containing epi- dermoid cells. Some microcysts and crypts were seen. Immunohistochemical analysis of the present case supports the hy- pothesis that IDP arises from excretory duct cells.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89759931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Collaborative Systems for Pathology Applications 病理学应用的协作系统
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2007-11-30 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700701010001
F. Marcano, N. D. Armas, A. Diaz-Cardama, O. Ferrer-Roca
{"title":"Collaborative Systems for Pathology Applications","authors":"F. Marcano, N. D. Armas, A. Diaz-Cardama, O. Ferrer-Roca","doi":"10.2174/1874375700701010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700701010001","url":null,"abstract":"Use of collaborative tools is essential in health applications, especially pathology. This paper presents the re- sults of a huge-size image data collaborative system based on SSVS©, suitable for telepathology work, which can be im- plemented in any system working with large images. Quality, image stitching performance in the JPEG200 wavelet do- main and image viewing performance were analyzed.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"12 1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78803951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Chorioamnionitis and Congenital Abnormalities of the Brainstem (Arcuate Nucleus and Pre-Bötzinger Complex Hypoplasia) in a Case of Late Unexplained Stillbirth 晚期不明原因死产一例绒毛膜羊膜炎和脑干先天性异常(弓状核和Pre-Bötzinger复合发育不全)
The open pathology journal Pub Date : 2007-02-25 DOI: 10.2174/1874375700802010024
R. Mingrone, E. Fulcheri, A. Lavezzi, L. Matturri
{"title":"Chorioamnionitis and Congenital Abnormalities of the Brainstem (Arcuate Nucleus and Pre-Bötzinger Complex Hypoplasia) in a Case of Late Unexplained Stillbirth","authors":"R. Mingrone, E. Fulcheri, A. Lavezzi, L. Matturri","doi":"10.2174/1874375700802010024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874375700802010024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fetal death (stillbirth), that occurs every 100-200 pregnancies in industrialized countries, has not significantly decreased in recent years, mostly because of scarce research activities in this field. Fetal death is often, in up to 60-80% of cases, unexplainable, even after routine diagnostic examinations. Objectives: This work aims to stress the importance of in-depth histopathological investigations of both the autonomic nervous system and the placenta in sudden fetal death. Methods: In a case of late fetal death at 40+ 3 weeks of pregnancy an in-depth histopathological examination of the brain- stem and of the placenta was performed. Results: The case investigated showed severe hypoplasia of the arcuate nucleus as well as of the reticular formation and particularly of the pre-Botzinger complex in the brainstem. Pulmonary hypoplasia was also present, associated with a pic- ture of severe (grade 3) chorioamnionitis, with inflammatory infiltrate, vasculitis of the umbilical vein and amniochorionic vessels. Conclusions: The chorioamnionitis can allegedly contribute to stillbirth, through cytokine release, enhancing any chemoreceptor neuronal dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":89507,"journal":{"name":"The open pathology journal","volume":"90 1","pages":"24-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80407879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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