Biomedical imaging and intervention journal最新文献

{"title":"Do the majority of Malaysian women have dense breasts on mammogram?","authors":"Ma Zulfiqar,&nbsp;I Rohazly,&nbsp;Ma Rahmah","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>TO DETERMINE: (i) the mammographic parenchymal patterns in Malaysian women and whether the breasts are dense on mammogram; (ii) the effect of age on breast density; (iii) the effect of parity on breast density; (iv) the difference in breast parenchymal patterns among the major races of women in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 1,784 patients (981 Malays, 571 Chinese, 214 Indians and 18 others) who had undergone mammography during the 1-year study period. Majority of women (41.7%) were aged between 51 and 60 years and majority (43%) had 3-4 children. The Tabar classification (Pattern I - V) was used to evaluate breast parenchymal patterns on mammogram. Tabar Pattern I was further divided into 3 sub-groups (Pattern IA, IB, and IC). The different patterns were then grouped into dense (IB, IC, IV, V) and not dense (IA, II, III) breasts. The SPSS package was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority (59%) of Malaysian women had dense breasts (Pattern IB 29%, IC 20%, IV 5%, and V 5%) and 41% did not have dense breasts (Pattern IA 28%, II 6%, and III 7%). Age and parity were inversely related to breast density (p < 0.0001). Chinese women (65.7%) had the highest percentage of dense breasts (p = 0.69, odds ratio = 1.22), followed by the Indians (57.2%) and the Malays (50.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Majority of women had dense breasts but Pattern IV, which has been associated with increased risk of breast cancer, was seen in only 5% of the women. The breast density reduced steadily with increasing age and parity. There was no statistically significant difference in breast density in the three main races.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30424732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paget's disease of the breast: clinical, imaging and pathologic findings: a review of 16 patients.","authors":"M Muttarak,&nbsp;B Siriya,&nbsp;P Kongmebhol,&nbsp;B Chaiwun,&nbsp;N Sukhamwang","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the clinical, imaging and pathological findings of Paget's disease of the breast.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Approval by Institutional Review Board was granted and informed consent was waived. Retrospective review of the pathological diagnosis of 2,361 women with breast carcinoma between January 2004 and April 2010 revealed 27 patients with Paget's disease of the breast. The clinical, mammographic and ultrasonographic images were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Paget's disease of the breast was 1.14% of all breast carcinoma at this institution. Of the 27 patients with Paget's disease, only 16 had imaging studies and this group constituted the basis of this study. All 16 patients were women, with ages ranging from 36-68 years (mean age 50.31 years). Eleven patients presented with clinical findings suggestive of Paget's disease of the breast. Seven of these 11 patients also had associated palpable mass(es). Four patients presented with a palpable mass alone and one presented with bloody nipple discharge alone. Mammography was performed in all 16 patients and ultrasonography (US) in 15 patients. Of the 16 mammographic studies, two were negative. Of the 15 US studies, three were negative. Of these three negative US studies, two also had negative mammography and one had pleomorphic microcalcifications on mammogram. US was helpful in detecting multifocality in two patients. Mammography was 100% positive in patients who presented with palpable breast mass(es) and bloody nipple discharge, but 50% positive in patients who had clinically suggestive Paget's disease alone. Almost all patients (15/16) had underlying breast malignancies. Seven patients had multifocality or multicentricity. Modified radical mastectomy was performed in 13 patients, simple mastectomy in two, and wide local excision in one patient. Pathological findings were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n = 3), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (n = 10), metaplastic carcinoma (n = 1), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (n = 1), and only Paget's disease of the nipple without underlying breast carcinoma (n = 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with Paget's disease of the breast have a high incidence of an underlying breast carcinoma. Most of the patients in this study presented late and were more likely to have positive mammograms. Mammography should be performed to identify the underlying breast carcinoma. Those who have only nipple areolar changes and no palpable mass have less positive mammography and less invasive carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30421200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency ablation of a misdiagnosed Brodie's abscess.","authors":"Rs Chan,&nbsp;Bjj Abdullah,&nbsp;S Aik,&nbsp;Ch Tok","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy is recognised as a safe and effective treatment option for osteoid osteoma. This case report describes a 27-year-old man who underwent computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous RFA for a femoral osteoid osteoma, which was diagnosed based on his clinical presentation and CT findings. The patient developed worsening symptoms complicated by osteomyelitis after the procedure. His clinical progression and subsequent MRI findings had led to a revised diagnosis of a Brodie's abscess, which was further supported by the eventual resolution of his symptoms following a combination of antibiotics treatment and surgical irrigations. This case report illustrates the unusual MRI features of osteomyelitis mimicking soft tissue tumours following RFA of a misdiagnosed Brodie's abscess and highlights the importance of a confirmatory histopathological diagnosis for an osteoid osteoma prior to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30424670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief history of interventional radiology in Singapore and its current status.","authors":"Tkb Teo,&nbsp;Bs Tan,&nbsp;Kh Tay","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>X-ray services were first established in Singapore in 1898. With the opening of the General Hospital in 1926, there was subsequent increase in workload. However, a radiology department was not formed until the 1950s. Angiography was introduced in the same decade initially for diagnosis. By the 1960s and 1970s, both vascular and non-vascular interventions were performed. Subsequently, interventional radiology experienced exponential growth, with newer technology and better facilities established over the past 3 decades. With more trained interventional radiologists, the service is currently available in all public hospitals and in most private hospitals in Singapore today. It is envisaged that structured training and formal credentialing will be established, eventually leading to recognition of interventional radiology as a specialty in its own right.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e13","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30424731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of imaging performance of major image guidance systems.","authors":"Mf Chan,&nbsp;J Yang,&nbsp;Y Song,&nbsp;C Burman,&nbsp;P Chan,&nbsp;S Li","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The imaging characteristics of two popular kV cone-beam CT (CBCT) and two MVCT systems utilised in image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was performed on Varian Clinac iX, Elekta Synergy S, Siemens Oncor, and Tomotherapy. A CT phantom (Catphan-504, Phantom Laboratory, Salem, NY) was scanned for measurements of image quality including image noise, uniformity, density accuracy, spatial resolution, contrast linearity, and contrast resolution. The measurement results were analysed using in-house image analysis software. Reproducibility, position correction, and geometric accuracy were also evaluated with markers in a smaller alignment phantom. The performance evaluation compared volumetric image properties from these four systems with those from a conventional diagnostic CT (CCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was shown that the linearity of the two kV CBCT was fairly consistent with CCT. The Elekta CBCT with half-circle 27-cm FOV had higher CT numbers than the other three systems. The image noises of the Elekta kV CBCT, Siemens MV CBCT, and Tomotherapy fan-beam CT (FBCT) are about 2-4 times higher than that of the Varian CBCT. The spatial resolutions of two kV CBCTs and two MV CBCTs were 8-11 lp/cm and 3-5 lp/cm, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elekta CBCT provided a faster image reconstruction and low dose per scan for half-circle scanning. Varian CBCT had relatively lower image noise. Tomotherapy FBCT had the best uniformity.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30421271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising the scan delay for arterial phase imaging of the liver using the bolus tracking technique.","authors":"Rs Chan,&nbsp;G Kumar,&nbsp;Bjj Abdullah,&nbsp;Kh Ng,&nbsp;A Vijayananthan,&nbsp;H Mohd Nor,&nbsp;Yw Liew","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.2.e12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.2.e12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To optimize the delay time before the initiation of arterial phase scan in the detection of focal liver lesions in contrast enhanced 5 phase liver CT using the bolus tracking technique.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Delay - the interval between threshold enhancement of 100 hounsfield unit (HU) in the abdominal aorta and commencement of the first arterial phase scan. Using a 16 slice CT scanner, a plain CT of the liver was done followed by an intravenous bolus of 120 ml nonionic iodinated contrast media (370 mg I/ml) at the rate of 4 mL/s. The second phase scan started immediately after the first phase scan. The portal venous and delay phases were obtained at a fixed delay of 60 s and 90 s from the beginning of contrast injection. Contrast enhancement index (CEI) and subjective visual conspicuity scores for each lesion were compared among the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>84 lesions (11 hepatocellular carcinomas, 17 hemangiomas, 39 other hypervascular lesions and 45 cysts) were evaluated. CEI for hepatocellular carcinomas appears to be higher during the first arterial phase in the 6 seconds delay group. No significant difference in CEI and mean conspicuity scores among the three groups for hemangioma, other hypervascular lesions and cysts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conspicuity of hepatocellular carcinomas appeared better during the early arterial phase using a bolus tracking technique with a scan delay of 6 seconds from the 100 HU threshold in the abdominal aorta.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 2","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.2.e12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30421198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image-guided facet joint injection.","authors":"Wcg Peh","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.1.e4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.1.e4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic spine pain poses a peculiar diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to multiple pain sources, overlapping clinical features and nonspecific radiological findings. Facet joint injection is an interventional pain management tool for facet-related spinal pain that can be effectively administered by a radiologist. This technique is the gold standard for identifying facet joints as the source of spinal pain. The major indications for facet injections include strong clinical suspicion of the facet syndrome, focal tenderness over the facet joints, low back pain with normal radiological findings, post-laminectomy syndrome with no evidence of arachnoiditis or recurrent disc disease, and persistent low back pain after spinal fusion. The contraindications are more ancillary, with none being absolute. Like any synovial joint degeneration, inflammation and injury can lead to pain on motion, initiating a vicious cycle of physical deconditioning, irritation of facet innervations and muscle spasm. Image-guided injection of local anesthetic and steroid into or around the facet joint aims to break this vicious cycle and thereby provide pain relief. This outpatient procedure has high diagnostic accuracy, safety and reproducibility but the therapeutic outcome is variable.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.1.e4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30224170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocontrast cystosonography versus micturating cystourethrography in the detection of vesicoureteric reflux.","authors":"Mz Faizah,&nbsp;Y Kanaheswari,&nbsp;Cr Thambidorai,&nbsp;Ma Zulfiqar","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.1.e7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.1.e7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare echocontrast cystosonography (ECS) using in-vivo agitated saline with fluoroscopic micturating cystourethrography (MCU) in the detection and grading of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a prospective study of 25 children, who had MCU between 2007 and 2009. ECS was performed and findings documented prior to MCU. Baseline renal and bladder sonograms were obtained. The bladder was filled with normal saline followed by introduction of 10-20 mls of air to generate microbubbles. Detection of VUR was based on two sonographic criteria: (1) presence of microbubbles in the pelvicaliceal system (PCS), and (2) increase in dilatation of the PCS. VUR was graded as (1) Grade I: microbubbles seen in ureter only; (2) Grade II: microbubbles seen in non-dilated PCS; and (3) Grade III-V: microbubbles seen in dilated PCS. The ECS findings were compared using MCU as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 50 kidney-ureter (K-U) units studied, ECS detected 9 of 10 K-U units with VUR on MCU. ECS did not detect a Grade II VUR. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for criterion 1 was 90%, 87.5%, 88%, 64.3% and 97%, respectively, compared to criterion 2 which was 70%, 90%, 86%, 64% and 92%, respectively. The grading of VUR was similar on both ECS and MCU except for one case.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECS using agitated saline was a sensitive technique for the detection of VUR. ECS grading was comparable with MCU grading of VUR.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.1.e7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30226153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superselective embolisation for control of intractable epistaxis from maxillary artery injury.","authors":"P Singam,&nbsp;J Thanabalan,&nbsp;Z Mohammed","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.1.e3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.7.1.e3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic intractable epistaxis following fractures of the facial and base of skull rarely may be life-threatening. Common sites of injury are the internal carotid and maxillary artery. When conventional methods of arresting haemorrhage fail, the choices are then an open arterial ligation or superselective embolisation. This paper presents a patient with life-threatening epistaxis from a Le Fort type II fracture. Angiography revealed a maxillary artery injury in which superselective embolisation was performed and the haemorrhage was successfully arrested. A literature review of this technique is discussed, including its advantages and the relationship of the internal maxillary artery to facial fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2349/biij.7.1.e3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30224169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging overutilisation: Is enough being done globally?","authors":"B Rehani","doi":"10.2349/biij.7.1.e6","DOIUrl":"10.2349/biij.7.1.e6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89331,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical imaging and intervention journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30224174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}