{"title":"Progress on the study of grain growth and tensile cycling effects on the damping performance in Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloy thin sheets","authors":"Dusan Milosavljevic, N. Lecis, S. Cinquemani","doi":"10.1117/12.2658393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2658393","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art research shows that an increase in relative grain size in Cu-Al-Mn SMA leads to improved damping and SME performance. Building on that knowledge, the authors of this paper seek to understand if it is possible to exploit these improvements within a Cu-Al-Mn alloy, specifically, in the form of thin sheets. A series of thermomechanical treatments were applied to as-cast ingots of a Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloy with the goal of obtaining thin sheets characterized by a high value of relative grain size. Additionally, samples of Cu-Al-Mn sheets were subjected to tensile cycling for the purpose of SMA “training”. Through optical microscopy, the authors of this paper investigated the effects of the applied treatments on the alloy structure. Furthermore, the phase transformation and damping behavior were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Methodology and preliminary results are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"27 1","pages":"124830L - 124830L-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83076288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive piezoelectric metamaterials leveraging non-uniform local resonators","authors":"Ting Wang, J. Dupont, J. Tang","doi":"10.1117/12.2658616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2658616","url":null,"abstract":"Metamaterials with locally resonant unit cells based on piezoelectric shunting have led to a new way of realizing elastic/acoustic wave manipulation with online tuning capability. One limitation of uniform locally resonant metamaterials with identical unit cells is their relatively narrow bandgap. Recently, the concept of graded metamaterials with non-uniform local resonators has emerged as a promising approach for improvement. In this research, we explore an adaptive piezoelectric metamaterial-based metamaterial design with spatially varying piezoelectric shunt circuits integrated with negative capacitance. Through systematic parametric analysis, a new design is identified to take advantage of the graded resonant shunt to enhance wave manipulation performance and enlarge the bandgap. Case investigations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"42 1","pages":"1248308 - 1248308-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77329497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dispersion characteristics of a ZPR hourglass lattice structure","authors":"Amanpreet Singh, Vivek Gupta, B. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1117/12.2658349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2658349","url":null,"abstract":"2-D lattice structures have gained considerable attention over the past few decades due to their high strengthto- weight ratio. Enormous studies have been conducted on various shapes of the 2D lattice structures. Different shapes of the 2-D lattices exhibit different Poisson's ratio values. The Poisson's ratio ranges from negative to positive values for conventional lattice structures such as honeycomb and auxetic honeycomb lattice structures. However, there exist such lattice structures that exhibit Zero Poisson's Ratio (ZPR). In this article, we propose a novel hourglass structure (HG) that exhibits Zero Poisson's Ratio (ZPR HG), studied dispersion behaviour, and compared with negative (Aux HG) and positive (Hcb HG) Poisson's Ratios. The emergence of the band structure in the HG-ZPR has been studied analytically and compared with the conventional hourglass structures that exhibit positive/ negative Poisson's ratio. The dependency of the band structure on Poisson's ratio has been investigated. A significant variation in the band structure has been observed as the microstructure of the hourglass structure varies. This study intends to provide the necessary physical insights showing the dependency of the band structure on Poisson's ratio.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"28 1","pages":"1248305 - 1248305-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74102639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dusan Milosavljevic, L. Caprio, Matteo Busatto, S. Cinquemani, N. Lecis, B. Previtali
{"title":"Effects of laser cutting on the chemical composition and phase transformation capacity in Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloy sheets","authors":"Dusan Milosavljevic, L. Caprio, Matteo Busatto, S. Cinquemani, N. Lecis, B. Previtali","doi":"10.1117/12.2661849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2661849","url":null,"abstract":"Application of laser cutting operations on thin sheets of Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloys can be used for shaping, or for producing different types of holes and hole patterns within the SMA sheets. In this paper, the authors evaluate the effects of laser cutting under different process parameters on the phase and chemical composition in Cu-Al-Mn sheet samples. The effects are observed using optical and scanning electron microscopy (OM and SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"86 1","pages":"124830P - 124830P-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79948570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Printing electrodes for P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) actuators using a consumer-grade inkjet printer","authors":"K. K. Baelz, A. Hunt","doi":"10.1117/12.2660469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2660469","url":null,"abstract":"This work addresses inkjet printing and material selection in the fabrication of P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) actuators. It investigates different substrate (PEN, polyimide and a PET-based) and conductive ink (metal- and carbon-based) combinations to minimize process complexity and need for specialized equipment. Fabrication study indicated that PEN and carbon black combination best meets these objectives, attaining an actuator's electrical bandwidth of 9.36 kHz. The manufactured actuators achieved 206 μm tip deflections upon quasi-static excitation, and up to 3 mm in resonant operation at 115 Hz. Therefore, manufacturing flexible designs of well-performing smart material actuators is viable using widely available and low-budget equipment.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"32 1","pages":"124820P - 124820P-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86133365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An origami-inspired tensegrity structure with multistability","authors":"Richard Rodriguez-Feliciano, Kon-Well Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2658027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2658027","url":null,"abstract":"Tensegrity structures have been harnessed in the design of many reconfigurable and deployable systems due to their high strength to weight ratio, stiffness tunability and multistability programmability. In this paper, we present a design methodology of an origami-inspired multistable tensegrity structure that can achieve up to three stable configurations in one unit cell. This class-3 tensegrity structure can achieve equilibrium states at the fully deployed and flat folded states, and the transition between its stable states is controlled with a one directional displacement, a feature not observed in previous tensegrity elements. To design this system the required input are the three heights at which a stable configuration is desired. At each height the total strain energy of the system of strings is evaluated to select the unstretched length and stiffness values of each string that satisfy the conditions of stability. Analytically it was found that achieving a stable configuration at each height is affected by the number of strings that are in tension at this point, and the deformation path, stiffness and unstretched length of each string.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"6 1","pages":"1248302 - 1248302-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86622573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel anti-collision strategy with integrated tensegrity for the bridge pier","authors":"Lu Zhang, Yanfang Wei, Hongyu Li, Tonghao Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.2657620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657620","url":null,"abstract":"Bridge pier is the key components for transferring loads between the bridge and foundation. Its status significantly impacts on the safety of the entire bridge. While the sudden external force (e.g. vehicle collision, explosion, earthquake etc.) could cause catastrophic properties loss and casualties. Therefore, many anti-collision implementations are used in the bridge pier. The rigid protections and soft buffer structures, which are the conventional anti-collision methods. The former cannot lower the damage to vehicle and passengers, and the latter is capable of withstanding the minor or moderate vehicle collision only. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional anti-collision method, tensegrity as a prestressed tensioned structure is proposed to be integrated with the bridge pier as a shielding component. The integrated tensegrity can absorb impact energy of the vehicle-pier-collision through large deformation or localized damage to protect the core pier. Therefore, this paper proposed a detailed anti-collision design with integration of tensegrity for the bridge pier. Additionally, the assessments of its statics and dynamics are given. Furthermore, the anti-collision effect has been illustrated, numerically. The process of the vehicle-pier-collision in three different velocities were simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA; the energy absorption is analyzed. The relationship between deformation state and absorbed energy was also obtained. Therefore, the feasibility of the proposed design has been fully explained. It provides an option for the anti-collision design in the bridge pier.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1248306 - 1248306-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krunal Koshiya, S. Gratz-Kelly, Paul Motzki, G. Rizzello
{"title":"An embedded self-sensing motion control system for a strip-shaped dielectric elastomer actuators","authors":"Krunal Koshiya, S. Gratz-Kelly, Paul Motzki, G. Rizzello","doi":"10.1117/12.2657131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657131","url":null,"abstract":"When dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are actuated via high voltage, their electrical capacitance changes according to the geometry. Therefore, displacement of the actuator can be correlated to the change in capacitance, thus opening up the possibility of self-sensing DEA devices. Self-sensing can be exploited to achieve a sensorless closed loop DEA system, which is attractive from size, weight, and cost perspectives. This research work presents an embedded control system, which enables self-sensing closed loop position control of a DEA. The proposed architecture is cost effective, compact in size, easy to integrate as well as to reprogram in comparison to previous self-sensing implementations relying on FPGA systems. In the developed setup, the online self-sensing algorithm is used for estimation of displacement in a spring-biased strip DEA. For this system, understanding and mapping the correlation between estimated capacitance, applied voltage, and resulting displacement is essential for achieving an accurate DEA position reconstruction. An experimental setup is developed, and used to test a spring-biased DEA system. Self-sensing based feedback control is then used to achieve a tight regulation of the actuator displacement. To verify the effectiveness of the sensorless closed loop control system, its performance is finally compared to sensor-based feedback architectures.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"5 1","pages":"124820I - 124820I-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84658884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianan Yi, Volodymyr Shamraienko, A. Eychmüller, Iain A. Anderson, Andreas Richter, M. Henke
{"title":"Effects of the soft matrices in dielectric elastomer actuator electrodes on their actuation performance","authors":"Jianan Yi, Volodymyr Shamraienko, A. Eychmüller, Iain A. Anderson, Andreas Richter, M. Henke","doi":"10.1117/12.2657669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657669","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) based flexible and stretchable electronics have attracted considerable attention over the past decades. The electrode components play an important role in the DEA performance. In this work, we studied how the incorporation of soft matrices in the electrodes affects the DEA actuation. The ultrasonic spraying was used to fabricate multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based electrodes for DEA. The results indicated that the addition of a water-soluble block polymer and silicone gel (acting as the soft matrices) could improve the actuation of the DEA with neat MWCNT electrodes by ~10% and ~24%, respectively. An inkjet printing ink, consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), carbon black (CB) and chlorobenzene, was further developed. The stability, particle size, resistance, and morphology of 1-3 printing layers were characterized. The DEA with the inkjet-printed CB/PDMS electrodes showed 50% area stain at 2500 V, which is higher than the actuation with neat CB powder or CNT electrodes reported previously. Both results of the ultrasonic spraying and inkjet printing confirmed that the incorporation of soft matrices in the electrodes is helpful for DEA actuation.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"20 1","pages":"124820F - 124820F-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84486750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An environmentally friendly copper-based superhydrophobic coating on steel substrate via electrodeposition to reduce corrosion","authors":"P. Chauhan, Preeti Kumari, Aditya Kumar","doi":"10.1117/12.2657279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657279","url":null,"abstract":"Steel is employed almost everywhere, including biomedical devices and surgical tools, domestic and industrial equipment, and transportation. However, steel is prone to deterioration during contact with water which leads to biofouling and corrosion, resulting in degradation in durability and function ability. Inspiration from nature, such as lotus leaves, is getting more attention to fabricating water-repellent superhydrophobic coatings on steel surfaces to solve aforesaid problems. In this present study, superhydrophobicity on steel surfaces was achieved by a two-step process: copper coating on the steel substrate via an environmentally friendly and time-efficient electrodeposition method, followed by immersion of copper-coated steel in long-alkyl chain solution. The wettability was measured through the water contact angle using the goniometer, which confirmed the achievement of superhydrophobicity. To demonstrate the application of this coating in a corrosive environment, a considerable reduction has been observed on the superhydrophobic surface.","PeriodicalId":89272,"journal":{"name":"Smart structures and materials. Nondestructive evaluation for health monitoring and diagnostics","volume":"1 1","pages":"124810E - 124810E-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77355596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}