International journal of diabetes mellitus最新文献

{"title":"Medication adherence in low income elderly type-2 diabetes patients: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"I. Patel ,&nbsp;J. Chang ,&nbsp;R.A. Shenolikar ,&nbsp;R. Balkrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study objective was to determine the age associated medication adherence among low income type-2 diabetes patients enrolled in Medicaid. This was a retrospective cohort study consisting of patients aged 18–44<!--> <!-->years (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->681), 45–64<!--> <!-->years (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2327) and 65+ years (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->161), respectively newly starting antidiabetic medication between July 2001 and June 2002. Medication adherence was measured as medication possession ratio using prescription refill patterns. Multiple regression analyzes showed that compared to age group 18–44<!--> <!-->years, age groups 65+ and 44–64<!--> <!-->years had significantly higher adherence rate by 13.4% and 12.5%, respectively. Better oral antidiabetic medication adherence was associated with increased age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 122-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological evaluation of (3β)-STIGMAST-5-EN-3-OL as potent anti-diabetic agent in regulating glucose transport using in vitro model","authors":"S. Sujatha,&nbsp;S. Anand,&nbsp;K.N. Sangeetha,&nbsp;K. Shilpa,&nbsp;J. Lakshmi,&nbsp;A. Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;B.S. Lakshmi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2009.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2009.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Insulin resistance is characterized by alterations in insulin signaling components thereby resulting in reduced glucose uptake. The mechanistic role of (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol in augmenting glucose uptake to overcome insulin resistance is deciphered in this study.</p></div><div><h3>Main methods</h3><p>L6 myotubes, rat skeletal muscle model have been used to check the effect of (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol, a plant phytosterol isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of <em>Adathoda vasica</em> on glucose transport. The influence of (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol on various cellular targets of insulin signaling cascade has been evaluated using inhibitors on glucose uptake as well as gene and protein expression to unravel the mechanistic action in triggering glucose uptake.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>(3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol promoted glucose uptake in a dose dependent manner under insulin resistant condition. As assessed by inhibitor studies using Genistein (IRTK inhibitor) and Wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), gene expression and protein expression studies using specific primers and antibodies, an activation of IR-β, IRS-1, PI3K, AKT/PKB, PKC by both the crude and (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol were observed. This suggested that (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol induced glucose uptake functions through the PI3K dependent pathway in L6 myotubes. Both, the crude and (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol activates GLUT 4 transport (evident from increased mRNA levels and redistribution of GLUT4 from intracellular membrane to plasma membrane through translocation studies). Confocal microscopy revealed a substantial increase in redistribution of FITC tagged GLUT4 throughout the cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results emphasize the insulin-like effect of (3β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol in stimulating glucose transport <em>in vitro</em> and provide evidence in its beneficial role possessing antidiabetic property apart from its existing cholesterol lowering efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 101-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2009.12.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consideration of the validity of glycemic index using blood glucose and insulin levels and breath hydrogen excretion in healthy subjects","authors":"Tsuneyuki Oku,&nbsp;Mariko Nakamura,&nbsp;Sadako Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Although glycemic index (GI) is very important in choosing appropriate foods for patients with diabetes mellitus, GI itself does not provide sufficient information for choosing adequate foods. The validity of GI is considered by measurement of blood glucose and insulin levels, and breath hydrogen excretion, testing several cultivars in the same type food.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twelve females, 23.8<!--> <!-->y participated in this within-subject, repeated-measures study. To clarify variations in GI in inter-cultivars of various foods, we examined four white rice and three potato cultivars and three noodle brands. Starchy-foods with a glucose equivalent of 50<!--> <!-->g were repeatedly and randomly given to each subject. Blood and end-expiration were collected at selected periods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The significant difference of GI and insulinemic index (II) was not observed among the four white rice cultivars, though II of one cultivar were smaller than those of other three white rice cultivars. GI of three potato cultivars was relatively small, but the range of II was very large among three cultivars. Moreover, GI did not correspond to II among three noodle brands. AUC-3<!--> <!-->h-glucose and AUC-3<!--> <!-->h-insulin scores of white rice and noodle were significantly larger than those for 2<!--> <!-->h. The amount of breath hydrogen excretion showed a negative correlation to GI of tested foods.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We should recognize that rare foods in which GI does not correspond to II exist in the cultivar of foods used for diet therapy of diabetes mellitus. We propose the addition of other information such as II and breath hydrogen excretion of selected foods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 88-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The kidneys as an emerging target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus: What we know, thought we knew and hope to gain","authors":"Mohamed H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glucose filtered by kidneys is reabsorbed into the proximal tubule through the sodium-coupled glucose co-transporter (SGLT2). This promotes urinary excretion of glucose and results in lowering of plasma glucose level. Administration of agents (e.g. dapagliflozin) that inhibits SGLT2 transporter have shown to be associated with improvement in hyperglycaemia without clinically persistent electrolytes disturbances or change in osmolarity. This may suggest that administration of dapagliflozin is effective and safe as treatment for hyperglycaemia. Ongoing clinical trials will reveal the potential benefit and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors as part of the therapy of type 2 diabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 125-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of switching to biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (BIAsp 30) under the routine diabetic care in patients with type 2 diabetes: The IMPROVE™ observational study in the Gulf region","authors":"Saied Khader ,&nbsp;Waleed AbdelFattah ,&nbsp;Abdulqawi Almansari ,&nbsp;Nabil K. Elnnagar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The IMPROVE™ study was a 26-week, multinational, open-label, non-randomized study, carried out in 11 countries.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) in patients with type 2 diabetes under routine clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>There were no prescribed procedures for this study except for the collection of data.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Data obtained at baseline and Week 26 in patients from the Gulf region is presented. From the Gulf region, 1613 patients (61% males) were enrolled with a mean age of 50.5<!--> <!-->years and a mean BMI of 30.4<!--> <!-->kg/m². The majority of the patients (57.0%) were treated with OAD only, while 34.3% patients were previously treated with insulin ±OAD and 8.7% were treatment naive. After 26<!--> <!-->weeks of treatment, the mean HbA_1c was reduced by 1.4% from 9.3% at baseline to 7.9% at Week 26. The mean FBG was reduced by 66.6<!--> <!-->mg/dL from 212.4<!--> <!-->mg/dL at baseline to 145.8<!--> <!-->mg/dL at Week 26. No major hypoglycaemic episodes were reported as SADRs during the study. The rate of major hypoglycaemic episodes was reduced from 0.13 episodes/patient year at baseline to 0.05 episodes/patient year at Week 26. A lower risk of minor hypoglycaemia was also observed. Body weight was reduced by 0.6<!--> <!-->kg from 85.4<!--> <!-->kg at baseline to 84.7<!--> <!-->kg at Week 26.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>BIAsp 30 improved glycaemic control without increasing the risk of hypoglycaemic episodes and weight gain after 26<!--> <!-->weeks’ treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes from the Gulf region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia","authors":"Asim Hassan,&nbsp;Tariq Javed Sheikh,&nbsp;Turki Jazi Al Harbi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 137-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54385017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of genetic factors associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudis: The lessons from European studies","authors":"Stéphane Cauchi ,&nbsp;Philippe Froguel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 133-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54385051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocyte plasma membrane redox system in first degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients","authors":"Syed Ibrahim Rizvi,&nbsp;Neeti Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes mellitus (TDM) is strongly associated with oxidative stress. Human erythrocytes contain a plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) which transfers electrons from intracellular donors (NADH, ascorbate) to extracellular acceptors outside the cell. We show that the activity of erythrocyte PMRS and AFR reductase becomes elevated in first degree relatives of type 2 diabetics and in TDM subjects. The increase in PMRS and AFR reductase signifies compensatory mechanisms to mitigate increased oxidative stress. These findings show that an impaired redox balance may be a cause the disturbance of homeostasis in type 2 diabetic families, even before the development of the disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 119-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained gains from a diabetes prevention program and the role of telephone support","authors":"James A. Dunbar ,&nbsp;Nathalie Davis-Lameloise ,&nbsp;Benjamin Philpot ,&nbsp;Prasuna Reddy ,&nbsp;Stephen Bunker ,&nbsp;Sami Heistaro ,&nbsp;Tiina Laatikainen ,&nbsp;Edward D. Janus","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>An evaluation of the sustainability of lifestyle changes was undertaken for participants completing a 12<!--> <!-->month diabetes prevention program. This second part of the study also tested whether regular structured telephone calls could be effective in maintaining lifestyle changes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Originally, 237 participants completed a 12<!--> <!-->month group-based lifestyle intervention study. They were aged 40–75<!--> <!-->years, with a moderate to high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Participants were then randomised to telephone support (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->107) or self-care only (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->98) for 18<!--> <!-->months, and re-assessed using anthropometric, clinical, psychological and general health measures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 164 participants (85 telephone support and 79 self-care only) completed the follow-up. Changes between 12 and 30<!--> <!-->months for the telephone support group were not significantly different from those found in the self-care only group. Beneficial lifestyle changes achieved by participants were generally sustained after the diabetes prevention program, with the exception of fasting plasma glucose and some psychological measures.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Positive outcomes achieved at 12<!--> <!-->months were generally maintained after a further 18<!--> <!-->months. Telephone support did not appear to produce additional benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54384892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ramadan fasting on children with Type 1 diabetes","authors":"Ibrahim AlAlwan ,&nbsp;Abdulhameed Al Banyan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some children with diabetes, despite their exemption, insist on fasting in Ramadan. We evaluated the safety of fasting among children with Type-1 diabetes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>During Ramadan 2007, 20 children with Type-I diabetes were recruited and divided into two groups. Short term diabetes complications were recorded. Changes in weight, HbA1C and lipid profile before and after Ramadan were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fasting group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->12, mean age 12.4<!--> <!-->years). Non-fasting group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8, mean age 10.5years) showed no significant difference in HbA1c (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.9), weight (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.96) or fasting lipid profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Supervised fasting with close observation may be safe with no short-term parameter changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89155,"journal":{"name":"International journal of diabetes mellitus","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 127-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ijdm.2010.05.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54385001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}