Biomedical Reviews最新文献_第2页

On the new prospects in biology inspired by epigenetics 论表观遗传学对生物学的启示

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7702

M. Krasteva

{"title":"On the new prospects in biology inspired by epigenetics","authors":"M. Krasteva","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7702","url":null,"abstract":"The epigenetic revolution that has happened very recently in biology has challenged the long-term traditional views of the genetic code. A new scientific era has emerged. These outstanding data made us reconsider major concepts in molecular genetics and outlined new perspectives, some of which are discussed here. First, it became apparent that heredity is determined not only by the primary DNA sequence but also by epigenetic factors controlling whether and when a gene will be turned on or off. These include modifications in the DNA or the associated proteins, which modulate gene function by causing changes in chromatin that affect DNA accessibility. Second, it turned out that though conservative, the genome is dynamic and changeable in response to environmental conditions. Third, a new value to nature vs. nurture debate was added demonstrating that these are not separate aspects but have a combined influence mediated through epigenetics. Forth, the epigenetics outburst contributed also to another controversial scientific field – the transgenerational inheritance. Evidence was provided that there are mechanisms for epigenetic transmission of environmentally induced changes that occur long before conception from a parent to the offspring. Fifth, the role of the psyche was given greater importance after the discovery that emotional stress may cause epigenetic changes in our heredity molecules. And sixth, a role of epigenetics in the disease was also established since epigenetic changes were related to many human disorders, thus providing possibilities for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. Biomed Rev 2020;","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78024683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Role of NANOG in glioma malignancy development and potential as therapeutic target NANOG在胶质瘤恶性发展中的作用及其作为治疗靶点的潜力

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7703

Fergie Runtu, Novi Silvia Hardyani

{"title":"Role of NANOG in glioma malignancy development and potential as therapeutic target","authors":"Fergie Runtu, Novi Silvia Hardyani","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7703","url":null,"abstract":"Recent discoveries have indicated that tumorigenesis arises from a population of cells with self-renewability and pluripotency characteristics. These led to the theory of cancer stem cells, in which these cells carry molecular signatures similar to embryonic stem cells. Homeobox protein NANOG is a transcription factor that helps embryonic stem cells maintain pluripotency. It has been identified to be highly expressed in several types of tumors. Further studies have shown the linkage of NANOG overexpression to malignancy and therapeutic resistance, however very limited research has clearly identified NANOG role in malignancy and therapeutic response of glioma. NANOG expression is regulated by p53, a cancer suppressor, which when lost, led to NANOG overexpression. The latter overexpression in glioma led to increase in its growth. NANOG was also found to be regulator of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a matricellular protein responsible for motility of tumor cells in metastases. NANOG overexpression is indirectly induced by the use of temozolomide through c-MET activation. Despite its therapeutic resistance effect, resveratrol is a promising therapy for limiting NANOG expression. The findings in the present review argues for NANOG utilization as a therapeutic target for glioma. Biomed Rev 2020; resveratrol","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74409910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Brainstem expression of SLC6A4, HTR2C, NGF, BDNF, TRKANGF, TRKBBDNF and P75NTR following paternal alcohol exposure in the male mouse 雄性小鼠在父亲酒精暴露后脑干SLC6A4、HTR2C、NGF、BDNF、TRKANGF、TRKBBDNF和P75NTR的表达

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7707

G. Ferraguti, C. Codazzo, C. Petrella, R. Coccurello, M. Ceccanti, M. Fiore

{"title":"Brainstem expression of SLC6A4, HTR2C, NGF, BDNF, TRKANGF, TRKBBDNF and P75NTR following paternal alcohol exposure in the male mouse","authors":"G. Ferraguti, C. Codazzo, C. Petrella, R. Coccurello, M. Ceccanti, M. Fiore","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7707","url":null,"abstract":"We previously showed in the mouse that paternal preconception alcohol exposure (PPAE) affects alcohol sensitivity by analyzing postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. In this mouse study by using the same animals of the previous investigation we aimed at examining whether or not PPAE may disrupt the epigenetic regulation of postnatal alcohol sensitivity in the offspring by investigating pathways regulating mood, emotion, serotonergic tone and neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We analyzed the brainstem gene expression of serotonin transporter Solute Carrier Family 6 Member4 (SLC6A4), 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2C (HTR2C) binding the neurotransmitter serotonin, and NGF, BDNF and their tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA NGF ) and B (TrKB BDNF ) (high-affinity NGF and BDNF receptors) and p75 NTR (low-affinity, pan-neurotrophins receptor) in adult offspring that underwent or not postnatal alcohol exposure. We found SLC6A4 elevation and decreased HTR2C in the offspring of chronic alcohol-exposed sires. We also disclosed p75 NTR elevation in the offspring of chronically exposed sires as well as postnatal sensitization to low alcohol doses in the offspring of chronically exposed sires for both TrKB BDNF and BDNF. In our PPAE mouse model, where genotype effects can be carefully measured, we observed that the sires’ exposure to alcohol before mating might disrupt the sensitivity to the serotonergic/neurotrophic-associated effects of alcohol influencing the postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 75-89","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"346 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90234071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Supplementary information in defense of murburn explanation for aerobic respiration 为有氧呼吸的默本解释辩护的补充资料

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7714

K. Manoj

引用次数: 0

From pathogenesis to therapy of COVID-19 从COVID-19的发病机制到治疗

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7712

S. Yanev, G. Chaldakov

引用次数: 0

Editor's Foreword

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/bmr.v31.7695

Editor's Foreword Editor's Foreword

引用次数: 0

Transcription factor ZBTB20: What expression is telling us of its cellular function? 转录因子ZBTB20:什么表达告诉我们它的细胞功能?

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7700

Dimo Stoyanov, A. Tonchev

引用次数: 0

Wale A.R. Sulaiman: The master of knowledge, neurosurgery and humanity Wale A.R. Sulaiman:知识、神经外科和人性的大师

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7696

G. Chaldakov

引用次数: 0

Interactions between the endogenous cannabinoid system and the peptides of the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulate heat stress-induced analgesia 内源性大麻素系统和tyr1 - mif -1家族多肽之间的相互作用调节热应激诱导的镇痛

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7708

H. Nocheva, R. Tashev, A. Bocheva, D. Atanasova, A. Dandov, N. Lazarov

{"title":"Interactions between the endogenous cannabinoid system and the peptides of the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulate heat stress-induced analgesia","authors":"H. Nocheva, R. Tashev, A. Bocheva, D. Atanasova, A. Dandov, N. Lazarov","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7708","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at evaluating whether an interaction between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. For this purpose, adult male rats were subjected to 1 hour of heat stress. Pain perception was estimated in vivo by Paw pressure test. Immunohistochemical evaluation of CB1 receptors was also performed in the periaqueductal grey (PAG). Our results showed that the application of CB1-receptor agonist anandamide at the end of the stress led to a tendency of decrease in heat-SIA. We also found that each of the four Tyr-MIF-1 peptides interacted with the ECS after acute heat stress, resulting in changes in the PP-thresholds with different direction, degree, and duration. In particular, the administration of MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 after CB1-receptor agonist anandamide increased heat stress-induced analgesia (heat-SIA) after the 10 th min, while Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 produced only short-lasting analgesia. CB1-expression in the PAG was also estimated, showing an increase after Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with anandamide pretreatment, and a decrease after Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with the CB1-receptor antagonist AM251- or the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone pretreatment . In summary, it can be inferred that under heat stress conditions the peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family, interacting with opioid and non-opioid receptors, differently relate with the cannabinoid system and such an interaction modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. It also seems that Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 have a direct impact on CB1-expression in the PAG, while MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 probably act via second messengers or the activation of additional neurotransmitter system(s). Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 91-103 Nal-pretreated","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86752516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In defense of the murburn explanation for aerobic respiration 为默本对有氧呼吸的解释辩护

Biomedical Reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-07 DOI: 10.14748/BMR.V31.7713

K. Manoj

{"title":"In defense of the murburn explanation for aerobic respiration","authors":"K. Manoj","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7713","url":null,"abstract":"The murburn explanation for aerobic respiration was first published at Biomedical Reviews in 2017. Thereafter, via various analytical, theoretical and experimental arguments/evidence published in respected portals over the last three years, my group’s works had highlighted the untenable nature of the “electron transport chain (ETC)-driven chemiosmotic rotary ATP synthesis (CRAS)” explicatory paradigm for aerobic respiration. We have also presented strong evidence and arguments supporting the new murburn model of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos). Overlooking the vast majority of our critical dissections, CRAS hypothesis is still advocated by some. Further, queries are posed on the evidence-based murburn explanation without any committed effort to understand the new proposals. Herein, I expose the false attributions made to our works, point out the general and particular flaws/lacunae in the critical attention murburn model received, revisit/dissect the arguments critique(s) floated to support the chemiosmotic proposal, answer the specific queries on murburn explanation and defend/consolidate our proposals for mOxPhos. The current scientific discourse is crucial for correcting major historical errors and finding/founding new concepts of the powering logic and biophysical chemistry of life. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 135-148","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75198144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10