Biogeochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Effects of tree pollen on throughfall element fluxes in European forests","authors":"Arne Verstraeten,&nbsp;Nicolas Bruffaerts,&nbsp;Fabiana Cristofolini,&nbsp;Elena Vanguelova,&nbsp;Johan Neirynck,&nbsp;Gerrit Genouw,&nbsp;Bruno De Vos,&nbsp;Peter Waldner,&nbsp;Anne Thimonier,&nbsp;Anita Nussbaumer,&nbsp;Mathias Neumann,&nbsp;Sue Benham,&nbsp;Pasi Rautio,&nbsp;Liisa Ukonmaanaho,&nbsp;Päivi Merilä,&nbsp;Antti-Jussi Lindroos,&nbsp;Annika Saarto,&nbsp;Jukka Reiniharju,&nbsp;Nicholas Clarke,&nbsp;Volkmar Timmermann,&nbsp;Manuel Nicolas,&nbsp;Maria Schmitt,&nbsp;Katrin Meusburger,&nbsp;Anna Kowalska,&nbsp;Idalia Kasprzyk,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kluska,&nbsp;Łukasz Grewling,&nbsp;Małgorzata Malkiewicz,&nbsp;Lars Vesterdal,&nbsp;Morten Ingerslev,&nbsp;Miklós Manninger,&nbsp;Donát Magyar,&nbsp;Hugues Titeux,&nbsp;Gunilla Pihl Karlsson,&nbsp;Regula Gehrig,&nbsp;Sandy Adriaenssens,&nbsp;Agneta Ekebom,&nbsp;Åslög Dahl,&nbsp;Marco Ferretti,&nbsp;Elena Gottardini","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01082-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01082-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of tree pollen on precipitation chemistry are not fully understood and this can lead to misinterpretations of element deposition in European forests. We investigated the relationship between forest throughfall (TF) element fluxes and the Seasonal Pollen Integral (SPIn) using linear mixed-effects modelling (LME). TF was measured in 1990–2018 during the main pollen season (MPS, arbitrary two months) in 61 managed, mostly pure, even-aged <i>Fagus</i>, <i>Quercus</i>, <i>Pinus</i>, and <i>Picea</i> stands which are part of the ICP Forests Level II network. The SPIn for the dominant tree genus was observed at 56 aerobiological monitoring stations in nearby cities. The net contribution of pollen was estimated as the TF flux in the MPS minus the fluxes in the preceding and succeeding months. In stands of <i>Fagus</i> and <i>Picea</i>, two genera that do not form large amounts of flowers every year, TF fluxes of potassium (K⁺), ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) showed a positive relationship with SPIn. However- for <i>Fagus</i>- a negative relationship was found between TF nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) fluxes and SPIn. For <i>Quercus</i> and <i>Pinus</i>, two genera producing many flowers each year, SPIn displayed limited variability and no clear association with TF element fluxes. Overall, pollen contributed on average 4.1–10.6% of the annual TF fluxes of K⁺ &gt; DOC &gt; DON &gt; NH₄⁺-N with the highest contribution in <i>Quercus</i> &gt; <i>Fagus</i> &gt; <i>Pinus</i> &gt; <i>Picea</i> stands. Tree pollen appears to affect TF inorganic nitrogen fluxes both qualitatively and quantitatively, acting as a source of NH₄⁺-N and a sink of NO₃⁻-N. Pollen appears to play a more complex role in nutrient cycling than previously thought.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 3","pages":"311 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50482746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-fire soil emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) across global ecosystems: a review","authors":"Elizah Z. Stephens,&nbsp;Peter M. Homyak","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01072-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01072-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wildfires may increase soil emissions of trace nitrogen (N) gases like nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) by changing soil physicochemical conditions and altering microbial processes like nitrification and denitrification. When 34 studies were synthesized, we found a significant increase in both NO and N₂O emissions up to 1 year post-fire across studies spanning ecosystems globally. However, when fluxes were separated by ecosystem type, we found that individual ecosystem types responded uniquely to fire. Forest soils tended to emit more N₂O after fire, but there was no significant effect on NO. Shrubland soils showed significant increases in both NO and N₂O emissions after fires; often with extremely large but short-lived NO pulses occurring immediately after fire. Grassland NO emissions increased after fire, but the size of this effect was small relative to shrublands. N₂O emissions from burned grasslands were highly variable with no significant effect. To better understand the variation in responses to fire across global ecosystems, more consistent measurements of variables recognized as important controls on soil fluxes of NO and N₂O (e.g., N cycling rates, soil water content, pH, and substrate availability) are needed across studies. We also suggest that fire-specific elements like burn severity, microbial community succession, and the presence of char be considered by future studies. Our synthesis suggests that fires can exacerbate ecosystem N loss long after they burn, increasing soil emissions of NO and N₂O with implications for ecosystem N loss, climate, and regional air quality as wildfires increase globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 3","pages":"291 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-023-01072-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50470477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum-induced changes in the net carbon fixation and carbon decomposition of a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum","authors":"Linbin Zhou,&nbsp;Fengjie Liu,&nbsp;Yehui Tan,&nbsp;Claude Fortin,&nbsp;Liangmin Huang,&nbsp;Peter G. C. Campbell","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01081-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01081-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent studies suggest aluminum (Al) likely plays a role in the ocean carbon cycle by altering the biological carbon fixation and carbon decomposition of marine diatoms. However, it remains speculative whether Al has similar effects on other ecologically important phytoplankton groups such as the globally important nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, <i>Trichodesmium</i>. Here we report the influence of Al on carbon fixation and decomposition in non-axenic cultures of <i>Trichodesmium erythraeum</i> IMS101 (CCMP 1985). By using radiocarbon, and adding oceanic relevant amounts of dissolved Al (yielding concentrations of 40 and 200 nM) along with non-Al-amended controls, we investigated the changes in particulate organic carbon (POC) of <i>Trichodesmium</i> (&gt; 2 μm, <i>Trichodesmium</i> POC), and free-living bacteria (0.2–2 μm, bacterial POC), and dissolved organic carbon (&lt; 0.2 μm, DOC) over a 116-day growth period. The results showed that the rates of increase of POC in the declining growth phase of <i>T. erythraeum</i> were significantly higher (by 11–14%) in the Al-enriched treatments than in the control, and this Al-enhanced carbon fixation is consistent with previous observations on marine diatoms. On the other hand, unlike diatoms, the POC from <i>T. erythraeum</i> decomposed faster in the Al-enriched treatments during the first decay phase when bacterial POC and DOC increased along with the decomposition of <i>Trichodesmium</i> POC. Further addition of the same amounts of Al (again calculated to increase the Al concentration by 40 and 200 nM) was performed on day 71. This treatment was designed to mimic Al supply from sediment after the settling of <i>Trichodesmium</i> colonies to the ocean bottom. Following this second addition, the decomposition rate of both <i>Trichodesmium</i> POC and DOC slowed down by 20–27% and 31–62%, respectively, during the second decay phase, when DOC and bacterial POC decreased. The study suggests that Al fertilization in the surface ocean via dust deposition may increase the net carbon fixation and associated nitrogen fixation by <i>Trichodesmium</i>, and thus the supply of new nitrogen to the euphotic zone, whereas Al from sediment may decrease the decomposition rate of decaying <i>Trichodesmium</i> settled to the ocean bottom.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 3","pages":"277 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44431576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation and importance of catchment area composition for transport of bioavailable carbon to the Baltic Sea","authors":"Kevin Jones,&nbsp;Martin Berggren,&nbsp;Johanna Sjöstedt","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01079-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01079-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transport of terrestrial carbon through riverine systems to coastal water has a negative impact on oxygen concentration in coastal areas. However, information on seasonal variation and the impact of catchment composition on the bioavailability of allochthonous carbon is lacking. In this project we address this knowledge gap by investigating the reactivity of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at river mouths which originate from agricultural or forested dominated catchments over a year. Using a high-capacity oxygen sensing system biological oxygen demand (BOD) was measured and converted to carbon utilization rate. This allowed a spatial and temporal resolution necessary to understand how concentrations of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, DOC, as well as carbon composition influence carbon bioavailability. Seasonality and the differing catchment compositions yielded variable results about which factors were significantly contributing to reactivity. In addition, we found that carbon utilization rate was highest during April, June, and October for most rivers. The bioavailable fraction (BFc) was significantly higher in rivers with agricultural compared to forest dominated catchments during January, April, June, and October. However, rivers with agricultural dominated catchment had a significantly higher carbon utilization rate in August. This indicate that rivers dominated by forest transport larger and more refractory pools of carbon, while rivers with agricultural dominated catchments have a higher percentage of BFc. Based on these results we suggest that management efforts, to reduce the transport of bioavailable carbon, would be most efficient during spring and autumn with equal importance on rivers with catchment areas dominated by agriculture and forest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 3","pages":"265 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-023-01079-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42755467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid denitrification of nitrate-contaminated groundwater in a low-gradient blackwater stream valley","authors":"Scott Raulerson,&nbsp;Johnson B. Jeffers,&nbsp;Natalie A. Griffiths,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Rau,&nbsp;Cody Matteson,&nbsp;C. Rhett Jackson","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01077-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01077-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leaching of excess nitrogen (N) to groundwater in fertilized landscapes can overwhelm natural biogeochemical processes and cause long-term eutrophication of aquatic systems. We investigated N fate and transport from an intensively managed short-rotation woody crop (<i>Pinus taeda</i>) plantation through the riparian zone of an intermittent, low-gradient blackwater stream. Fertilization of the <i>P. taeda</i> plantation on the uplands resulted in contamination of groundwater with nitrate concentrations between 0.9 and 1.9 mg N L⁻¹. No corresponding increase in nitrate was observed in stream water or shallow groundwater in the riparian zone. Groundwater travel-time modeling predicted that N from near-stream, upland plantation areas should have reached streams during the monitoring period. Two years of measuring N species in well water in contrasting landscape positions (within the plantation, swale, riparian edge, forested hillslope, and valley), indicated rapid nitrate transformation and denitrification within the forested wetland valleys. Denitrification in the shallow groundwater system within the toeslopes and the riparian zone was estimated to have removed &gt; 90% of nitrate. These results highlight the importance of riparian zones as pathways for the removal of N and for controlling downstream N loads.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"166 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47919309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical, sedimentological and microbial diversity in two thermokarst lakes of far Eastern Siberia","authors":"Ove H. Meisel,&nbsp;Ruud Rijkers,&nbsp;Joshua F. Dean,&nbsp;Michiel H. in ‘t Zandt,&nbsp;Jacobus van Huissteden,&nbsp;Trofim C. Maximov,&nbsp;Sergey V. Karsanaev,&nbsp;Luca Belelli Marchesini,&nbsp;Arne Goovaerts,&nbsp;Lukas Wacker,&nbsp;Gert-Jan Reichart,&nbsp;Steven Bouillon,&nbsp;Cornelia U. Welte,&nbsp;Mike S. M. Jetten,&nbsp;Jorien E. Vonk,&nbsp;Han Dolman","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01076-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01076-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermokarst lakes are important conduits for organic carbon sequestration, soil organic matter (soil-OM) decomposition and release of atmospheric greenhouse gases in the Arctic. They can be classified as either floating-ice lakes, which sustain a zone of unfrozen sediment (talik) at the lakebed year-round, or as bedfast-ice lakes, which freeze all the way to the lakebed in winter. Another key characteristic of thermokarst lakes are their eroding shorelines, depending on the surrounding landscape, they can play a major role in supplying the lakebeds with sediment and OM. These differences in winter ice regime and eroding shorelines are key factors which determine the quantity and quality of OM in thermokarst lake sediments. We used an array of physical, geochemical, and microbiological tools to identify the differences in the environmental conditions, sedimentary characteristics, carbon stocks and microbial community compositions in the sediments of a bedfast-ice and a floating-ice lake in Far East Siberia with different eroding shorelines. Our data show strong differences across most of the measured parameters between the two lakes. For example, the floating-ice lake contains considerably lower amounts of sediment organic matter and dissolved organic carbon, both of which also appear to be more degraded in comparison to the bedfast-ice lake, based on their stable carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C). We also document clear differences in the microbial community composition, for both archaea and bacteria. We identified the lake water depth (bedfast-ice vs. floating-ice) and shoreline erosion to be the two most likely main drivers of the sedimentary, microbial and biogeochemical diversity in thermokarst lakes. With ongoing climate warming, it is likely that an increasing number of lakes will shift from a bedfast- to a floating-ice state, and that increasing levels of shoreline erosion will supply the lakes with sediments. Yet, still little is known about the physical, biogeochemical and microbial differences in the sediments of these lake types and how different eroding shorelines impact these lake systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 3","pages":"239 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-023-01076-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47900477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent responses of belowground carbon investment in Quercus spp. and Acer saccharum to reduced precipitation","authors":"N. Raczka, C. Walter, J. Carrara, E. Brzostek","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01078-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-023-01078-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 1","pages":"227 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48536458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mitigation of microbial carbon and nitrogen limitations by shrub encroachment: extracellular enzyme stoichiometry of the alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Tingjiu Zhang, Wenming Ma, Yu Tian, S. Bai, Zuoma Dengzheng, Dong-ying Zhang, X. Ma, X. Mu","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01075-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-023-01075-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 1","pages":"205 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44493567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature and carbon availability interact to enhance nitrous oxide production via denitrification in alluvial plain river sediments","authors":"Shannon L. Speir, J. Tank, Jason M. Taylor, Amelia L. Grose","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01074-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-023-01074-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 1","pages":"191 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44579111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic carbon removal from alkaline soils: an underappreciated influence on soil organic carbon measurements in an elevated CO2 experiment","authors":"Kelsey H. Jensen,&nbsp;Jed P. Sparks","doi":"10.1007/s10533-023-01073-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-023-01073-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Isolating soil organic carbon (SOC) from soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is necessary to quantify SOC stocks and understanding SOC dynamics. Inorganic acids are commonly used to remove SIC and several methods have been developed to minimize the impacts these acid treatments have on the residual SOC. Negative impacts on the SOC pool, such as underestimating SOC stocks, are caused in part due to differences in the amount and composition of the organic matter pool. The effects of SIC removal on SOC are often ignored within experimental studies based on the assumption that soils from the same site do not differ enough to impact results. However, some experimental treatments, such as elevated atmospheric CO₂, change SOC pools in both concentration and composition. Therefore, SIC removal can introduce different biases in control and treatment soils that may differ by method. In this work, we compare two commonly used methods of SIC removal on a set of soil samples from the same elevated CO₂?experiment. We use soils from the Nevada Desert Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment Facility to quantify how SIC removal with either acid washing or acid fumigation affect SOC in control and elevated CO₂ plots. We then use the difference in SOC (%C and δ¹³C) between methods to infer changes in the SOC pool driven by the elevated CO₂ treatment. Our results show that acid washing underestimates SOC relative to fumigation and that this difference is larger in soils from control CO₂ plots than elevated CO₂ plots. This may suggest that stabilization mechanisms sensitive to acidification, such as calcium bridging, are disrupted under elevated CO₂ treatment and therefore are less susceptible to SOC loss during acid washing. Our results present future research avenues for exploring the effects of acidic organic compounds, such as root exudates, on SOC stability in alkaline soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"165 1","pages":"15 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4237836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}