Korean diabetes journal最新文献

{"title":"O-GlcNAc Modification: Friend or Foe in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Udayakumar Karunakaran,&nbsp;Nam Ho Jeoung","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>O-Linked β-N-acetyl glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a dynamic post-translational modification that occurs on serine and threonine residues of cytosolic and nuclear proteins in all cell types, including those involved in the cardiovascular system. O-GlcNAcylation is thought to act in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation. O-GlcNAcylation rapidly cycles on/off proteins in a time scale similar to that for phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of proteins. Several studies indicate that O-GlcNAc might induce nuclear localization of some transcription factors and may affect their DNA binding activities. However, at the cellular level, it has been shown that O-GlcNAc levels increase in response to stress and augmentation of this response suppresses cell survival. Increased levels of O-GlcNAc have been implicated as a pathogenic contributor to glucose toxicity and insulin resistance, which are major hallmarks of type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Thus, O-GlcNAc and its metabolic functions are not yet well-understood; focusing on the role of O-GlcNAc in the cardiovascular system is a viable target for biomedical investigation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc on the regulation of cell function and survival in the cardiovascular system.</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"211-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter: effects of rosiglitazone on inflammation in Otsuka long-evans Tokushima Fatty rats (korean diabetes j 2010;34:191-9).","authors":"Soo Jin Yang,&nbsp;Cheol-Young Park","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.261","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes and associated complications [1]. The inflammatory pathways activated by metabolic stress promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attract immune-inflammatory cells (e.g., macrophages and lymphocytes) into inflamed tissues. Subsequently, initiated inflammatory signals impair insulin action in insulin-responsive tissues such as the liver and skeletal muscles, inducing systemic insulin resistance throughout the body. \u0000 \u0000Thiazolidinediones (TZD), which are used as anti-diabetic drugs, are agonists for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a nuclear transcription factor primarily involved in insulin action, lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis [2,3]. Several lines of evidence indicate that TZD can improve inflammation in peripheral tissues including muscle via the inhibition of specific pro-inflammatory signaling pathways (e.g., inhibitors of kappa B kinase beta/nuclear factor-kappa B [NF-κB]) [4-6], but the anti-inflammatory effects of TZD on skeletal muscle have not been extensively investigated. \u0000 \u0000The June issue of Korean Diabetes J included an important study by Lee et al. [7] on the effect of rosiglitazone (RGZ) on skeletal muscle inflammation in a rat model of moderate obesity and type 2 diabetes. The authors used Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats as a rodent model of type 2 diabetes and demonstrated that RGZ administration results in the attenuation of diabetes and skeletal muscle inflammation. Interestingly, skeletal muscle inflammation was shown to be attenuated by the inhibition of two inflammatory pathways, ERK1/2 and NF-κB. We fully agree that RGZ improves insulin resistance in part due to anti-inflammatory effects in skeletal muscle as well as other peripheral tissues, and that the anti-inflammatory effects of RGZ are likely mediated by the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathways. However, one issue that attracted our attention is that plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were lower in OLETF rats than in Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats although there is no alteration in plasma FFAs with RGZ treatment in OLETF rats. The current knowledge, as reflected in previous publications regarding skeletal muscle inflammation, is that excessive influx of FFA into skeletal muscle leads to pro-inflammatory states in skeletal muscle that in turn exert detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity [8,9]. Without the excessive influx of FFA from the systemic circulation into skeletal muscle, it is unclear what triggers the pro-inflammatory state in obese and insulin resistant OLETF rats. There may be a possible explanation that systemic glucose toxicity in OLETF rats can induce pro-inflammatory states regardless of the absence of excessive FFA influx. To explain this, it would be helpful to analyze other lipid profiles such as triglycerides and total cholesterol. With respect to no significant effects on","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"261-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Lung Function and Metabolic Syndrome in Obese and Non-Obese Korean Adult Males.","authors":"Soo Kyoung Kim,&nbsp;Kyu Yeon Hur,&nbsp;Yoon Ho Choi,&nbsp;Sun Wook Kim,&nbsp;Jae Hoon Chung,&nbsp;Hee Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Moon-Kyu Lee,&nbsp;Yong-Ki Min,&nbsp;Kwang-Won Kim,&nbsp;Jae Hyeon Kim","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The existence of an association between lung function and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been debated in cases involving non-obese subjects. To address this debate, we performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between lung function and MetS in both obese and non-obese populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study consisted of a total of 1,951 Korean male subjects. In this study group, we investigated relationships between lung function and MetS risk factors such as fasting serum glucose, systolic blood pressure (SBP), insulin resistance index, waist circumference (WC), and hemoglobin A(1C) level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forced vital capacity (FVC) values were significantly lower in the MetS group compared with those of the non-MetS group. In both non-obese (body mass index [BMI] < 25 kg/m(2)) and obese subjects (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)), fasting serum glucose, hemoglobin A(1C) level, insulin resistance index, SBP, WC, and the prevalences of diabetes and MetS were significantly higher in subjects in the lowest FVC quartile compared with those in the highest FVC quartile. Odds ratios for the presence of MetS risk factors, after adjusting for age and height, ranged from 1.21 to 1.39 (P < 0.01) for a one standard deviation decrease in FVC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study suggest that decreased vital capacity in Korean adult male subjects is associated with MetS, irrespective of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"253-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: effects of rosiglitazone on inflammation in Otsuka long-evans Tokushima Fatty rats (korean diabetes j 2010;34:191-9).","authors":"Eun Sook Kim","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.263","url":null,"abstract":"matory cytokines such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL6, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in the pancreas [7,8]. In our study, we investigated the effects of the insulin-sensitizing anti-diabetic agent rosiglitazone on the progression of skeletal muscle inflammation in OLETF rats. We found that rosigli tazone decreased the concentrations of glucose, insulin and inflammatory cytokines in the sera of OLETF rats. Rosiglitazone also inhibited mRNA expression of inflammatory cyto kines in skeletal muscle by blocking the NF-κB pathway. There fore, our findings suggest that rosiglitazone may improve in sulin sensitivity with its anti-inflammatory activity in the skel etal muscle of diabetic rats. Our results concur with the findings of previous studies that PPAR-γ agonists can improve inflammation in peripheral tis sues (including the muscle and pancreas) via the inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways [9,10]. Recently, TZD was discovered to have anti-inflammatory effects, and its potential was reevaluated for treating diabetes. Several studies have reported that TZD including rosiglitazone decreases serum levels of inflammatory makers TNF- α, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and FFAs in an experimental model of induced type 2 diabetes in high-fat-diet albino rats [11,12]. In our study, FFA levels were lower in the OLETF group compared to the LETO group at the 40th week (Fig. 1). In contrast, we observed no decrease in FFA levels in the group treated with rosiglitazone. We still do not know why rosiglitazone did not decrease se","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"263-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adiponectin/leptin ratio and metabolic syndrome in healthy korean adult males.","authors":"Seung-Hyun Ko","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.220","url":null,"abstract":"Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, quantitative measurements of insulin resistance are clinically meaningful and may help researchers to better understand the etiologies of this disease. The best-established methods of quantitative measurement of insulin resistance are the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, minimal model assessment and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) methods [1]. However, given the dominant role of obesity in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, plasma leptin and adiponectin levels, and the ratio of these two best-characterized adipocytokines, have been suggested as parameters to assess insulin resistance [2].","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"220-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Patients according to Family History of Diabetes.","authors":"Seung Uk Jeong,&nbsp;Dong Gu Kang,&nbsp;Dae Ho Lee,&nbsp;Kang Woo Lee,&nbsp;Dong-Mee Lim,&nbsp;Byung Joon Kim,&nbsp;Keun-Yong Park,&nbsp;Hyoun-Jung Chin,&nbsp;Gwanpyo Koh","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a strong genetic component, and its prevalence is notably increased in the family members of T2DM patients. However, there are few studies about the family history of T2DM. We carried out this study to assess the influences of family history on clinical characteristics in T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study involving 651 T2DM patients. Patient history and physical examination were performed and fasting blood was taken. If any first degree relative was diabetic, a family history of diabetes was considered to exist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total 621 patients, 38.4% had a family history of diabetes. Patients with a family history had a younger age, higher weight, younger age at diagnosis and higher triglyceride level than did those without a family history. Dyslipidemia medication and metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in familial diabetes. Sex, blood pressure, previous treatment for diabetes, HbA1c, C-peptide, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were not different between familial and non-familial diabetes. Upon multiple linear regression analysis, the family history of diabetes remained significantly associated with serum triglyceride level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In T2DM patients with a family history of diabetes, the disease tended to develop earlier. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors are more prevalent in familial T2DM than they were in non-familial T2DM. These results support the necessity of earlier screening for diabetes in family members of T2DM patients and more active prevention against cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients with a family history.</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"222-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Author's Name Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 182 in vol. 34, PMID: 20617079.].</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphisms of the reg1α gene and early onset type 2 diabetes in the korean population.","authors":"Bo Kyung Koo,&nbsp;Young Min Cho,&nbsp;Kuchan Kimm,&nbsp;Jong-Young Lee,&nbsp;Bermseok Oh,&nbsp;Byung Lae Park,&nbsp;Hyun Sub Cheong,&nbsp;Hyoung Doo Shin,&nbsp;Kyung Soo Ko,&nbsp;Sang Gyu Park,&nbsp;Hong Kyu Lee,&nbsp;Kyong Soo Park","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Reg gene has been reported to be expressed in regenerating islets and Reg1 protein to be up-regulated at an early stage of diabetes in mice. As human Reg1α is homologous with murine Reg1, we investigated whether common variants in Reg1α are associated with type 2 diabetes in the Korean population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We sequenced the Reg1α gene to identify common polymorphisms using 24 Korean DNA samples. Of 11 polymorphisms found, five common ones (g.-385T>C [rs10165462], g.-36T>G [rs25689789], g.209G>T [rs2070707], g.1385C>G [novel], and g.2199G>A [novel]) were genotyped in 752 type 2 diabetic patients and 642 non-diabetic subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No polymorphism was associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, g.-385C and g.2199A lowered the risk of early-onset type 2 diabetes, defined as a diagnosis in subjects whose age at diagnosis was 25 years or more but less than 40 years (odds ratio [OR], 0.721 [0.535 to 0.971] and 0.731 [0.546 to 0.977] for g.-385C and g.2199A, respectively) and g.1385G increased the risk of early-onset diabetes (OR, 1.398 [1.055 to 1.854]). Although adjusting for errors in multiple hypotheses-testing showed no statistically significant association between the three individual polymorphisms and early-onset diabetes, the haplotype H1, composed of g.-385C, g.1385C, and g.2199A, was associated with a reduced risk of early-onset diabetes (OR, 0.590 [0.396 to 0.877], P = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polymorphisms in the Reg1α were not found to be associated with overall susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, though some showed modest associations with early-onset type 2 diabetes in the Korean population.</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"229-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of endurance exercise and high-fat diet on insulin resistance and ceramide contents of skeletal muscle in sprague-dawley rats.","authors":"Hyun Lyung Jung,&nbsp;Ho Youl Kang","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We evaluated the effects of endurance exercise and a high-fat diet on insulin resistance and ceramide contents of skeletal muscle in Sprague-Dawley rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomly divided 32 rats into four groups: control (CON, n = 8), high fat diet (HF, n = 8), exercise (Ex, 24 m/min for 2 hours, 5 days/wk, n = 8), HF/Ex (n = 8). After 4-week treatments, plasma lipid profiles, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. The triglycerides (TG), ceramide, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) contents were measured in the skeletal muscle. The rate of glucose transport was determined under submaximal insulin concentration during the muscle incubation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in CON and HF than Ex (P = 0.032). Plasma glucose levels in HF were significantly higher than the two Ex groups (P = 0.002), and insulin levels were significantly higher in HF than in other three groups (P = 0.021). Muscular TG concentrations were significantly higher in HF than CON and Ex and also in HF/Ex than Ex, respectively (P = 0.005). Hepatic TG concentrations were significantly higher in HF than other three groups but Ex was significantly lower than HF/Ex (P = 0.000). Muscular ceramide content in HF was significantly greater than that in either Ex or HF/Ex (P = 0.031). GLUT-4 levels in CON and HF were significantly lower than those in Ex and HF/Ex (P = 0.009, P = 0.003). The glucose transport rate in submaximal insulin concentration was lower in CON than in either Ex or HF/Ex (P = 0.043), but not different from HF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that high fat diet for 4 weeks selectively impairs insulin resistance, but not glucose transport rate, GLUT-4 and ceramide content in skeletal muscle per se. However, endurance exercise markedly affects the content of ceramide and insulin resistance in muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 4","pages":"244-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.4.244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40063196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changes in early phase insulin secretion in newly diagnosed, drug naive korean prediabetes subjects.","authors":"Sang Youl Rhee,&nbsp;Joo Young Kim,&nbsp;Suk Chon,&nbsp;You Cheol Hwang,&nbsp;In Kyung Jeong,&nbsp;Seungjoon Oh,&nbsp;Kyu Jeung Ahn,&nbsp;Ho Yeon Chung,&nbsp;Jeong-Taek Woo,&nbsp;Sung Woon Kim,&nbsp;Jin-Woo Kim,&nbsp;Young Seol Kim","doi":"10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been no systematic observations regarding changes in early phase insulin secretion among Korean prediabetes and early stage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in 873 subjects with suspected abnormal glucose tolerance. All subjects were diagnosed as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (preDM), or T2DM according to the OGTT results and the insulin secretory and insulin resistance indices of each subject were calculated. Additionally, we analyzed the changes in early phase insulin secretion according to changes in fasting (Glc(0)), post-prandial (Glc(120)) glucose and HbA1c (A1c) levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As compared to subjects with NGT, the insulin secretory indices of the preDM and T2DM subjects progressively declined, and the insulin resistance indices were progressively aggravated. Early phase insulin secretion decreased rapidly according to the increments of Glc(0), Glc(120) and A1c, and these changes were most prominent in the NGT stage. Compared to the control group, the early phase insulin secretion levels of the preDM or T2DM subjects were less than 50% when Glc(0) was over 100 mg/dL, Glc(120) was over 145 mg/dL, and A1c was over 5.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that progressive beta cell dysfunction in Koreans may be initiated and rapidly aggravated during the period generally designated as 'normal.'</p>","PeriodicalId":88924,"journal":{"name":"Korean diabetes journal","volume":"34 3","pages":"157-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/b4/kdj-34-157.PMC2898929.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29113007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}