Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology最新文献

{"title":"Ecological and social factors affecting the occurrence of kleptoparasitism in two recently established sympatric breeding falcons","authors":"Alessandro Berlusconi, Davide Scridel, Luca Eberle, Alessio Martinoli, Gaia Bazzi, Giacomo Assandri, Nunzio Grattini, Damiano Preatoni, Jacopo G. Cecere, Adriano Martinoli, Diego Rubolini, Michelangelo Morganti","doi":"10.1007/s00265-024-03433-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-024-03433-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Co-occurrence of ecologically similar species can lead to direct agonistic interactions, including kleptoparasitism, where one individual consumes trophic resources acquired by another. We documented facultative kleptoparasitism in two similarly-sized raptors, the lesser kestrel (<i>Falco naumanni</i>) and the red-footed falcon (<i>Falco vespertinus</i>). These two species currently co-occur in Northern Italy due to recent range shifts influenced by climate and land-use changes. Multi-year focal observations revealed that single or multiple red-footed falcons were associated with 72% of foraging groups of lesser kestrels. Red-footed falcons initiated kleptoparasitic attacks on lesser kestrels in 46% of foraging group observations, with a success rate of 34%. Attacks were more likely when the prey capture rate (i.e. a proxy of foraging efficiency) of lesser kestrels was high. Red-footed falcons were more successful in stealing prey when the food items carried by lesser kestrels were larger, and kleptoparasitic attacks by groups of red-footed falcons had a higher success rate than attacks by singletons. Overall, we propose that such frequent kleptoparasitic events, which have never been previously documented in these two species, may have emerged as a consequence of their recently established co-occurrence. Kleptoparasitism could reduce the foraging efficiency and fitness of lesser kestrels, potentially leading to broader ecological consequences, such as population declines or range shifts. These findings highlight how species redistributions associated with global changes may lead to novel interspecific interactions with unforeseen ecological implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139509769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deluded zombies: induced behavioral modification in a cobweb spider does not increase the survival of its parasitoid wasp","authors":"Thiago Gechel Kloss, Marcelo Oliveira Gonzaga, Thairine Mendes-Pereira, Stefany dos Santos de Almeida","doi":"10.1007/s00265-024-03428-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-024-03428-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Behavioral modifications induced by parasites have been extensively documented across multiple taxa. However, a major challenge is to experimentally determine whether such manipulations confer an adaptive advantage to the parasite. Behavioral alterations in spiders attacked by ichneumonid wasps are characterized by the construction of modified webs. These modified webs can enhance the survival chances of the parasitoid by reducing mortality due to natural enemies and environmental factors during the pupal stage. Additionally, some modified webs offer extra protection by keeping a centrally attached leaf shelter, originally used by the spider as a refuge, where parasitoids can build their cocoon. In these webs, it is possible that web modifications are not critical for the survival of parasitoid pupae. We evaluated the hypothesis that modifications made by parasitized spiders in a web with leaf shelter do not improve the survival of the parasitoid and presented details of behavioral modifications induced by the wasp <i>Zatypota alborhombarta</i> (Ichneumonidae) in its host spider <i>Cryptachaea migrans</i> (Theridiidae). We observed that modified webs built by parasitized spiders had silk thread around the web shelter, reduced vertical lines, and an increase in forked distal ends of lines. However, these changes in the host web did not improve the survival of parasitoid pupae. Our results indicate that the benefits of host behavioral modification for the parasitoids may vary across different host species. In addition, we suggested that the effects of altered web designs may depend on specific host-created web features and environmental factors like predation pressure.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Significance statement</h3><p>Behavioral manipulations of hosts induced by parasites are often suggested as an adaptive trait, increasing the fitness of the parasitic organism. Still, the influence of host characteristics on the parasite’s fitness is rarely experimentally assessed, raising questions about the extent of the adaptive nature of manipulation. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that behavioral modifications induced by Ichneumonidae wasps in a cobweb spider do not increase the survival of the parasitoids. We argue that the presence of shelters in these webs, used by parasitoids in their pupal stages, provides a safe environment for development, independent of other modifications. Furthermore, we suggest that the behavioral modification reflects the maintenance of a phylogenetically conserved trait. </p>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139501385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild and captive immature orangutans differ in their non-vocal communication with others, but not with their mothers","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03426-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03426-3","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>In many group-living species, individuals are required to flexibly modify their communicative behaviour in response to current social challenges. To unravel whether sociality and communication systems co-evolve, research efforts have often targeted the links between social organisation and communicative repertoires. However, it is still unclear which social or interactional factors directly predict communicative complexity. To address this issue, we studied wild and zoo-housed immature orangutans of two species to assess the impact of the socio-ecological setting on the production of non-vocal signal repertoires. Specifically, we compared repertoire size, dyadic repertoire similarity, and number of social goals (i.e. observer’s estimate of the signaller’s intended interaction outcome) for communicative interactions with mothers versus other conspecifics, controlling for critical individual and environmental factors. In this small sample of immature orangutans, wild-captive contrasts were statistically significant only for other-directed repertoires, but not for mother-directed repertoires, and not for the number of social goals that immatures communicated towards. While the repertoires of individuals living in the same research setting were more similar than those living in contrasting settings, this difference was most pronounced for other-directed repertoires of the less socially tolerant orangutan species. These results suggest that the boosted interactional opportunities in captivity rather than mere differences in environmental affordances or communicative needs drive the wild-captive contrast in orangutan communicative repertoires. Overall, this fine-grained analysis of repertoires further underscores that not only a species’ social organisation but also the targeted audience may have a profound impact on communicative behaviour.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Significance statement</h3> <p>Navigating a dynamic social environment often requires flexible signal use. While it has repeatedly been shown that the social organisation and structure of species predict the complexity of their communication systems, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are largely unknown. Because targeted studies to assess this issue in great apes are difficult, we take an alternative approach here: we compare the same species living in the wild and in artificial habitats in captivity. This contrast allows a direct test of how repertoires respond to the relevant difference in socio-ecological conditions. Our results show that the diversity of interaction partners (i.e. social opportunities), but not the diversity of social goals (i.e. possible interaction outcomes) or the broader physical opportunities (i.e. safe ground use), predict the size and consistency of wild and captive signalling repertoires.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139471256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brains vs Brawn: Relative brain size is sexually dimorphic amongst weapon-bearing ruminants","authors":"Nicole Lopez, Jonathon Moore Tupas, Theodore Stankowich","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03424-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03424-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"11 28","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential social facilitation through song in bird communities","authors":"Federica Rossetto, Paola Laiolo","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03427-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03427-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"12 6","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imperfect but effective crypsis and flower-visiting strategy in a crab spider","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00265-024-03429-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-024-03429-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;span&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Abstract&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;The camouflage of crab spiders on flowers have been extensively studied, primarily focusing on species with uniform coloration. In reality, more than 50 flower-visiting spider species from seven families do not possess uniform coloration. However, there is a lack of exploration regarding them, leaving their cryptic nature uncertain. Additionally, little is known about the flower-visiting strategies employed by spiders at different developmental stages. To address these issues, we investigated &lt;em&gt;Ebrechtella tricuspidata&lt;/em&gt;, a crab spider species exhibiting distinct abdomen and carapace colors. Notably, during our earlier field survey, we found that the juvenile spiders appeared on chamomile flowers (&lt;em&gt;Matricaria recutita&lt;/em&gt;) significantly more frequently compared to the females. Our visual modeling showed that the spider’s carapace on flower petals was detectable, whereas the abdomen matched the flower petals in both chromatic and achromatic contrast, making it unlikely to be detected by avian. Our predation experiment revealed that the probability of being detected and attacked was significantly lower for spiders on flower petals. Moreover, the attacked percentage of juveniles on petals was significantly lower than that of females. Combined with our previous field findings, we predict that spiders in different developmental stages may employ different flower-visiting strategies according to their predation risk. Overall, our study demonstrated that imperfect crypsis of &lt;em&gt;E. tricuspidata&lt;/em&gt; on flower prevents avian predation effectively, and the higher presence of juvenile spiders on flowers may be attributed to their lower predation risk.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Significance statement&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Crab spiders are renowned sit-and-wait predators and provide an ideal model for studying animal camouflage. It is widely acknowledged that these spiders exploit flowers of matching hues to deceive their prey. However, there is a pressing need for broader investigations encompassing the camouflage of crab spiders with non-uniform body colors to predators and their flower visiting strategies during ontogeny. To investigate these questions, we conducted avian visual modeling and behavioral experiments. Our findings demonstrated that distinct local body part did not significantly impact overall concealment, suggesting that camouflage is prevalent not only among flower-visiting spiders sporting uniform coloration but also among those with different colored abdomen and carapace. Furthermore, juvenile spiders on flower experienced lower predation risk than females, indicating that spiders at different stages face distinct levels of predation risk. Combined with our previous field findings that juvenile spiders were significantly more commonly found on flowers than females, we predict that spiders may employ varied flower-visiting strategies throughout their developmental stages, where the increasing predation risk leads to a d","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139408899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of foraging route development by bumblebees and honey bees","authors":"Alexis Buatois, Juliane Mailly, Thibault Dubois, Mathieu Lihoreau","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03422-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03422-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carryover effects of embryonic predation risk on larval growth, behaviour, morphology, and metamorphic traits of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis","authors":"Swapnil C. Supekar, Narahari P. Gramapurohit","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03420-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03420-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Early life experiences can have latent effects, which could manifest at a later stage of life history. Though the carryover effects of predation on the behaviour of prey are well-known, the integrative effects of predation on the growth, behaviour, and morphology of prey are less known. Hence, we used early (Gosner stages 10–14) and late (stages 15–19) embryonic stages of <i>Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</i> to determine the carryover effects of predation risk on larval growth, behaviour, morphology, and metamorphic traits. Early and late embryonic stages were exposed to cues of predation risk to assess their antipredator responses later during larval life and at metamorphosis. The results show that embryonic exposure to cues of predation risk elicits antipredator behavioural responses towards kairomones of the dragonfly nymphs at the larval stage. Late embryonic stages exposed to cues of predation risk grew faster as larvae and displayed stronger antipredator responses than those exposed during early embryonic stages. Further, early embryonic stages facing cues of predation risk developed narrow bodies and longer tails as tadpoles. However, late embryonic stages facing cues of predation risk accrued greater body mass had narrow tails with greater tailfin heights and deeper tail muscles as tadpoles. The carryover effects of embryonic exposure to cues of predation risk were also apparent at metamorphosis. Embryos exposed during early stages metamorphosed earlier with larger body size. In contrast, embryos exposed to cues of predation risk at later stages metamorphosed earlier with larger length. Thus, the results of our study suggest that embryonic exposure to cues of larval predation induces latent behavioural and developmental carryover effects similar to those displayed by tadpoles facing predation risk.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Significant statement</h3><p>Recognizing early life dangers may help animals to respond to such dangers later in their life. In this study, for the first time, we show the integrative effects of embryonic exposure to cues of predation risk on growth, behaviour, morphology and life history traits of larval life of the skipper frogs. In the skipper frogs, embryonic exposure to cues of predation risk induces behavioural and developmental effects similar to those shown by tadpoles facing predation risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lovers, not fighters: docility influences reproductive fitness, but not survival, in male Cape ground squirrels, Xerus inauris","authors":"Miyako H. Warrington, Sienna Beaulieu, Riley Jellicoe, Sjoerd Vos, Nigel C. Bennett, Jane M. Waterman","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03421-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03421-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over their lifetime, individuals may use different behavioural strategies to maximize their fitness. Some behavioural traits may be consistent among individuals over time (i.e., ‘personality’ traits) resulting in an individual behavioural phenotype with different associated costs and benefits. Understanding how behavioural traits are linked to lifetime fitness requires tracking individuals over their lifetime. Here, we leverage a long-term study on a multi-year living species (maximum lifespan ~ 10 years) to examine how docility (an individual’s reaction to trapping and handling) may contribute to how males are able to maximize their lifetime fitness. Cape ground squirrels are burrowing mammals that live in social groups, and although males lack physical aggression and territoriality, they vary in docility. Males face high predation risk and high reproductive competition and employ either of two reproductive tactics (‘natal’ or ‘band’) which are not associated with different docility personalities. We found that although more docile individuals sired more offspring on an annual basis, docility did not affect an individual’s long-term (lifetime) reproductive output. Survival was not associated with docility or body condition, but annual survival was influenced by rainfall. Our findings suggest that although docility may represent a behavioural strategy to maximize fitness by possibly playing a role in female-male associations or female mate-choice, variations in docility within our study population is likely maintained by other environmental drivers. However, individual variations in behaviours may still contribute as part of the ‘tool kit’ individuals use to maximize their lifetime fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139094081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multilevel society of proboscis monkeys with a possible patrilineal basis","authors":"Ikki Matsuda, Tadahiro Murai, Cyril C. Grueter, Augustine Tuuga, Benoit Goossens, Henry Bernard, Nurhartini Kamalia Yahya, Pablo Orozco-terWengel, Milena Salgado-Lynn","doi":"10.1007/s00265-023-03419-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-023-03419-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Multilevel societies (MLS), which are characterized by two or more levels of social organization, are among the most complex primate social systems. MLS have only been recorded in a limited number of primates, including humans. The aim of this study was to investigate whether proboscis monkeys (<i>Nasalis larvatus</i>) form MLS in Sabah, Malaysia, and to genetically characterize their dispersal patterns. Association data were obtained through direct observation (35 months) and kinship data through genetic analysis, based on feces collected from ~ 200 individuals. The results strongly suggest that proboscis monkeys exhibit a form of MLS, with several core reproductive units and a bachelor group woven together into a higher-level band. Genetic analysis revealed that the females migrated randomly over short and long distances; however, the males tended to migrate relatively shorter distances than females. Furthermore, male-male dyads showed a slightly higher average relatedness than female-female dyads. Combined with the results of direct observations, we conclude that proboscis monkeys form MLS with at least two layers and a patrilineal basis. Since patrilineal MLS have been identified as an important step in the evolution of human societies, their convergent appearance in proboscis monkeys may help us understand the drivers of human social evolution.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Significance statement</h3><p>The aim of this study was to determine the social organization of proboscis monkeys by direct observation and genetic analysis. The results revealed that their social system exhibited a form of multilevel society with a possible patrilineal basis. Since humans exhibit a similar constellation of social features, proboscis monkeys may offer insightful clues about human social evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8881,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139078286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}