The open tropical medicine journal最新文献_第3页

Correlation of Plasma Soluble Fas Ligand Levels with Severe Anaemia in Gabonese and Indian Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Patients 加蓬和印度恶性疟原虫疟疾患者血浆可溶性Fas配体水平与严重贫血的相关性

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2009-04-28 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300902010017

V. Guiyedi, P. Deshpande, C. Fesel, Rajendra Jain, A. Dzeing-Ella, P. Cazenave, M. Kombila, G. C. Mishra, S. Pied

引用次数: 0

The role of myeloperoxidase in hepatitis C virus infection and associated liver cirrhosis. 髓过氧化物酶在丙型肝炎病毒感染及相关肝硬化中的作用

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2009-03-19 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300902010001

I. W. Bekheet, M. Madkour, N. Ghaffar, M. Nosseir, M. Moussa, R. A. Ibraheim, M. Ateya

{"title":"The role of myeloperoxidase in hepatitis C virus infection and associated liver cirrhosis.","authors":"I. W. Bekheet, M. Madkour, N. Ghaffar, M. Nosseir, M. Moussa, R. A. Ibraheim, M. Ateya","doi":"10.2174/1874315300902010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300902010001","url":null,"abstract":"Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an important enzyme that found in neutrophils and involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The aim of the current study was to clarify the potential role of MPO in oxidative stress and liver fibrosis associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study was conducted on 90 subjects, 10 normal con- trols and 80 patients having HCV infection classified into chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis (CHC) (50 cases) and CHC with cirrhosis (LC) (30 cases). Myeloperoxidase was assessed in plasma by ELISA technique and in liver tissue by immunohistochemistry. Malondialdehye (MDA), as a marker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress was also measured in plasma by spectrophotometric assay. Results revealed significant increase of both plasma and hepatic tissue MPO in cirrhotic patients compared to either controls or CHC patients (p<0.05). Plasma and tissue MPO showed significant direct correlation with liver aminotransferases (ALT and AST), MDA and stage of hepatic fibrosis. Regression analysis revealed that both plasma and tissue MPO are independent determinant for MDA and stage of hepatic fibrosis. The results incrimi- nate MPO in oxidative stress that causes tissue damage in chronic HCV patients and the subsequent development of he- patic cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis in symptomatic South African men with urethritis: implications for syndromic management. 有症状的南非男性尿道炎患者同时感染淋病奈瑟菌、沙眼衣原体和阴道毛滴虫:对综合征管理的影响

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2009-03-17 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300902010013

M. Jongh, M. Roux, A. Adam, A. Caliendo, A. Hoosen

{"title":"Co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis in symptomatic South African men with urethritis: implications for syndromic management.","authors":"M. Jongh, M. Roux, A. Adam, A. Caliendo, A. Hoosen","doi":"10.2174/1874315300902010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300902010013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was undertaken to determine co-infection rates of common aetiological agents of ure- thritis and information regarding sexual contacts of symptomatic males presenting to a family practitioner. Methods: Endo-urethral swab specimens were collected from 253 symptomatic men and tested for N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis by the BD ProbeTec ™ ET assay and for T. vaginalis by real-time PCR. Information regarding sexual behav- iour was collected by the practitioner using a structured interview. Results: Of the 253 patients investigated, 50 complained of urethral discharge with/without burning on micturition (BOM), the remaining 203 only complained of BOM. N. gonorrhoeae was isolated from 45%, C. trachomatis from 15% and T. vaginalis from 5.5%. N. gonorrhoeae/C. trachomatis co-infection was diagnosed in 7.5% and T. vaginalis was de- tected in a higher number of males presenting without visible discharge. Similar number of men reported sexual contact only with their wives compared to men having casual sexual contacts. There were fewer gonococcal infections in men re- porting sexual contact with their wives alone compared to men reporting casual sexual encounters. Conclusions: Treatment guidelines for men presenting to Primary Health Care facilities and Family Practitioners need to consider the evolving antimicrobial resistance profiles and the presence of mixed infections in symptomatic patients.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"13-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Low efficacy of vocamine (MMH8®, pediatric formulation) in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. 烟胺(MMH8®，儿科配方)治疗无并发症恶性疟原虫疟疾疗效低。

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2009-02-27 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300902010008

D. Ménard, N. Madji, A. Manirakiza, A. Faou, G. Grésenguet

{"title":"Low efficacy of vocamine (MMH8®, pediatric formulation) in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.","authors":"D. Ménard, N. Madji, A. Manirakiza, A. Faou, G. Grésenguet","doi":"10.2174/1874315300902010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300902010008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This paper reports for the first time, the antimalarial efficacy of a five-day course of paediatric formulation of \"vocamine\" named MMH8 ® from Millenia Hope Inc ® for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium fal- ciparum malaria. Methods: We used the standard 14-day WHO protocol to assess therapeutic responses in children less than 5 years in Bangui (Central African Republic) between January and March 2005. Results: We observed high rate of failure treatment: 81 % overall treatment failure with 51 % of Early Treatment Failure and 28.6 % of Late Treatment Failure. Conclusion: Convinced that this drug has only a limited antimalarial effect, the Ministry of Health of the Central African Republic has decided to stop this clinical trial. BACKGROUND Development of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum is an increasing problem for antimalarial chemotherapy be- cause resistance against most available drugs, especially chloroquine and pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (SP), has devel- oped in the majority of world-wide parasite populations (1). Therefore, several strategies to counteract resistance- development are in place as the use of combined therapies with artemisinin derivatives but identification of new natural compounds remains essential.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Commercial sex work, survival sex, sexual violence and HIV/AIDS prevention in Arumeru district, Arusha region of Tanzania. 商业性工作、生存性行为、性暴力和预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病在坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙地区阿鲁梅鲁地区。

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300902010027

A. Renzaho, M. Pallotta-Chiarolli

{"title":"Commercial sex work, survival sex, sexual violence and HIV/AIDS prevention in Arumeru district, Arusha region of Tanzania.","authors":"A. Renzaho, M. Pallotta-Chiarolli","doi":"10.2174/1874315300902010027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300902010027","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the knowledge and practices about HIV/AIDS among female Tanzanian commercial sex workers (CSWs) and assess the contextual dynamics that prevent safer sexual behaviours. Method: The study used mixed methods and was implemented in two phases. Phase one assessed the knowledge and practices about HIV/AIDS among CSWs. Data were obtained with 54 CSWs, who were selected by using a snowball sampling approach. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with the CSWs were undertaken to allow the research participants to describe and discuss their lived realities as they perceive and experience them. In phase two, three discrete focus group discussions, each comprising 6-10 women, were carried out with 26 of the 54 CSWs who were interviewed in phase one. Results: There was exploitation and inequity in the women’s lives due to the multiple and overlapping oppressions of poverty and patriarchy. Sexual violence was framed, legitimised and reinforced by structural and cultural inequities. Such exploitation impacted not only on CSWs’ lives as sex workers, but on their previous and/or simultaneous lives as mothers, wives, girlfriends and daughters. The women practised ‘survival sex’ as CSWs and/or sexual partners of men, and experienced sexual violence from their clients/partners. This violence was either culturally legitimised within a patriarchal framework or manifested itself as ‘displaced aggressive sex’ by men experiencing marginalisation in socio-economic spheres. Conclusion: Government health policies and criminal laws regarding sex work, violence against sex workers and domestic/sexual violence against all women need to be critiqued and consistently implemented. Addressing the ‘survival sex’ of women in Tanzania cannot occur without addressing what the authors call the ‘displaced aggressive sex’ of men.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Seizure Recurrence in Rural Zambian Children Admitted with Febrile Seizures 赞比亚农村儿童因热性癫痫发作的复发率

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2008-12-26 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300801010101

E. Chomba, T. Taylor, W. Hauser, C. Wasterlain, N. Organek, G. Birbeck

{"title":"Seizure Recurrence in Rural Zambian Children Admitted with Febrile Seizures","authors":"E. Chomba, T. Taylor, W. Hauser, C. Wasterlain, N. Organek, G. Birbeck","doi":"10.2174/1874315300801010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300801010101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Long-term outcomes following febrile seizures in African children are not well described, but ma- laria-associated seizures are a risk factor for epilepsy. Design/Methods: 107 consecutive children admitted with febrile seizures (FS group) were age-matched to concurrently admitted children with febrile illness and no seizure, or febrile illness only (FIO). Quarterly follow-up assessments deter- mined interim seizures and developmental outcomes. Results: 214 children were enrolled and followed for mean 20.4 months (median 24, mode 27). The most common diag- nosis was clinical malaria. During follow-up, children in the FS group were more likely to have recurrent febrile seizures (29.9 vs. 11.3%; RR1.27; CI 1.10-1.46), an unprovoked seizure (27.1 vs. 1.9%; RR 1.35; CI 1.20-1.52) and epilepsy (11.2 vs. 0.9; RR 1.16; CI 1.04-1.20). Risk factors for unprovoked seizures during follow-up included younger age at enroll- ment (25.5 v. 34.6 months, p=0.04) and developmental delay preceding the index illness (33.3 vs. 13.1%, p=0.009). Within the FS group, children with focal seizures at enrollment were more likely to experience unprovoked seizures (52.9 vs. 20%, p=0.007) and epilepsy (41.7 vs. 7.8%, p=0.03). Conclusions: Children admitted with febrile seizures in rural Zambia have a high risk of subsequent epilepsy. Further re- search is needed to determine if specific infectious etiologies (e.g. malaria) are associated with epilepsy development in such children. Where access to healthcare services are limited, febrile seizure admission may also be a marker for a pre- existing propensity toward later epilepsy. Regardless, follow- up is warranted to facilitate early initiation of treatment if recurrent, unprovoked seizures occur.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Seroepidemiological Survey of Chlamydia Trachomatis in Patients Attending Pre and Post Natal Clinics in Lagos Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯产前和产后门诊患者沙眼衣原体血清流行病学调查

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2008-11-17 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300801010083

L. Okoror, S. Omilabu, P. O. Orue, G. Ajayi

{"title":"Seroepidemiological Survey of Chlamydia Trachomatis in Patients Attending Pre and Post Natal Clinics in Lagos Nigeria","authors":"L. Okoror, S. Omilabu, P. O. Orue, G. Ajayi","doi":"10.2174/1874315300801010083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300801010083","url":null,"abstract":"Of the 245 patients screened for the presence of complement fixing antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis, 89 (35.74%) tested positive while 104 (42.5%) of the patients were weakly positive and 4 (1.61%) were non-specific. Age group distribution showed that the highest number of patients testing positive to Chlamydia complement fixing antibody was in the age range of 31-36 year for both males and females while the lowest number of the age range testing positive was between 19-20 and 43-48 years of age for both sexes. One out of 4 umblical cord fluids tested positive along with the mother, father and baby a month after delivery. All males who accompanied their spouses to the clinics were also tested for Chlamydia complement fixing antibody and all the males involved in active cigarette smoking tested positive. The highest antibody titre was in the age range of 31-36 years. There was a four fold rise in antibody titre for nearly all the pa- tients except for a few who had their antibody level dropping, most probably because they were in the convalescence stage. This study concludes that the infection is endemic especially in such a very delicate population as anti-natal pa- tients. This is because of the risk of mother to child transmission.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Risk Factors for Smear Negative And Culture Positive Results Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Mwanza, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚姆万扎肺结核患者涂片阴性和培养阳性结果的危险因素

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2008-10-30 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300801010068

Å. B. Andersen, F. V. Leth, P. Magnussen, Mugomela Apolinary, H. Friis, M. Tanzania

{"title":"Risk Factors for Smear Negative And Culture Positive Results Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Mwanza, Tanzania","authors":"Å. B. Andersen, F. V. Leth, P. Magnussen, Mugomela Apolinary, H. Friis, M. Tanzania","doi":"10.2174/1874315300801010068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300801010068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smear negative and culture positive results in pulmonary tuberculosis are not uncommon yet the underlying factors are not well established. Objective: To determine factors associated with smear negative and culture positive results. Methods: Pulmonary tuberculosis patients were consecutively recruited for 12 months from five health facilities in Mwanza region, Tanzania. Sputum examinations were done at the recruitment centre and at the TB reference laboratory using Auramine O technique. Culture was done at the TB reference laboratory using Lowenstein Jensen solid media. A post-hoc analysis compared patients who had a smear negative culture positive result (case) with patients who had not (controls). Results: A total of 655 pulmonary TB patients were recruited, 18 had no culture results and were excluded from the analy- sis. Of the remaining 637 patients, 127 (19.9%) had three negative smears at the recruitment centre and 34 patients were a case. Current smoking was strongly associated with being a case, especially in women. Of the 127 patients who had three negative smears at the recruitment center, 104 (81.9%) also had a negative smear at the reference laboratory. Of these, 13 (12.5%) were still culture positive. Conclusion: The frequencies of smear-negative culture-positive results differ between health facilities, indicating possible difference in quality of laboratory procedures. Strengthening of laboratory capacity is needed both for optimizing smear microscopy techniques, and for performing sputum cultures for diagnosing TB when there is a high rate of suspicion. The association between smoking and smear negative culture positive TB needs to be assessed in adequately large studies.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"68-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68068024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Hemorrhagic Bullous Cellulitis/Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Foot due to V. fluvialis and Complicated by E. cloacae Osteomyelitis 由河流弧菌引起的出血性大泡蜂窝织炎/坏死性足筋膜炎并并发阴沟弧菌骨髓炎

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2008-09-26 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300801010047

S. Mirfendereski, Naveen Pathak, Tejas Patel, K. Cervellione, Sameer Sharma, F. Bagheri

{"title":"Hemorrhagic Bullous Cellulitis/Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Foot due to V. fluvialis and Complicated by E. cloacae Osteomyelitis","authors":"S. Mirfendereski, Naveen Pathak, Tejas Patel, K. Cervellione, Sameer Sharma, F. Bagheri","doi":"10.2174/1874315300801010047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874315300801010047","url":null,"abstract":"Vibrio fluvialis (V. fluvialis) is a halophilic bacterium that is most often associated with gastrointestinal tract in- fections after consumption of contaminated seafood. The predominant presenting symptoms of V. Fluvialis infection in- clude explosive diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and dehydration. Vibrio species, V. Fluvialis in particular, are rarely a cause of necrotizing fasciitis. We describe a case of a 56-year-old male presenting with complaints of redness and swel- ling of and discharge from his right toes. The patient was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis and septicemia. Debride- ment of the areas proved unsuccessful; amputation of infected phalanges was effective in preventing spread of disease. Cultures were positive for V. fluvialis from the bullae aspirates and Enterobacter cloacae from the bone culture. The pa- tient recovered successfully from both infections. This case is atypical because of the absence of any gastrointestinal symptoms and the presence of necrotizing fasciitis and septicemia due to V. Fluvialis infection.","PeriodicalId":88762,"journal":{"name":"The open tropical medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68067965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Tetracycline Antibiotics in Malaria 疟疾中的四环素类抗生素

The open tropical medicine journal Pub Date : 2008-09-26 DOI: 10.2174/1874315300801010031

S. Briolant, T. Fusai, C. Rogier, B. Pradines

引用次数: 18