Biology of the Cell最新文献

{"title":"Phosphoinositide signaling in the nucleus: Impacts on chromatin and transcription regulation.","authors":"Nesrine Hifdi, Mathilde Vaucourt, Karim Hnia, Ganna Panasyuk, Marie Vandromme","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boc.202400096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphoinositides also called Polyphosphoinositides (PPIns) are small lipid messengers with established key roles in organelle trafficking and cell signaling in response to physiological and environmental inputs. Besides their well-described functions in the cytoplasm, accumulating evidences pointed to PPIns involvement in transcription and chromatin regulation. Through the description of previous and recent advances of PPIns implication in transcription, this review highlights key discoveries on how PPIns modulate nuclear factors activity and might impact chromatin to modify gene expression. Finally, we discuss how PPIns nuclear and cytosolic metabolisms work jointly in orchestrating key transduction cascades that end in the nucleus to modulate gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":" ","pages":"e2400096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing yeast cell analysis: A cryomethod for serial block-face scanning electron microscopy imaging in mitochondrial morphology studies.","authors":"Corinne Blancard, Fanny Decoeur, Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet, Marie-France Giraud, Bénédicte Salin","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boc.202400038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background information: </strong>Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis of biological samples often provides limited insights due to its inherent two-dimensional (2D) nature. This limitation hampers a comprehensive understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of cellular structures, occasionally leading to misinterpretations. Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy emerges as a powerful method for acquiring high-resolution 3D images of cellular volumes. By iteratively removing ultrathin sample sections and capturing images of each newly exposed surface, Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy allows for the meticulous reconstruction of a comprehensive 3D volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we investigate the 3D architecture of altered mitochondrial morphologies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy imaging. We have developed a novel cryomethod based on plunge freezing and a dedicated freeze-substitution protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This protocol enhances ultrastructural preservation enabling a more accurate understanding of mitochondrial defects observed in 2D electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Our findings underscore the utility of Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy coupled with optimized sample preparation techniques in elucidating complex cellular structures in 3D.</p>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":" ","pages":"e202400038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear lipids in chromatin regulation: Biological roles, experimental approaches and existing challenges.","authors":"Ahmed Sayed, Karthik Eswara, Kaian Teles, Ahlem Boudellioua, Wolfgang Fischle","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boc.202400103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids are crucial for various cellular functions. Besides the storage of energy equivalents, these include forming membrane bilayers and serving as signaling molecules. While significant progress has been made in the comprehension of the molecular and cellular biology of lipids, their functions in the cell nucleus remain poorly understood. The main role of the eukaryotic cell nucleus is to provide an environment for the storage and regulation of chromatin which is a complex of DNA, histones, and associated proteins. Recent studies suggest that nuclear lipids play a role in chromatin regulation and epigenetics. Here, we discuss various experimental methods in lipid-chromatin research, including biophysical, structural, and cell biology approaches, pointing out their strengths and weaknesses. We take the view that nuclear lipids have a far more widespread impact on chromatin than is currently acknowledged. This gap in comprehension is mostly due to existing experimental challenges in the study of lipid-chromatin biology. Several new, interdisciplinary approaches are discussed that could aid in elucidating the roles of nuclear lipids in chromatin regulation and gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":" ","pages":"e202400103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of aquaporin and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase in gill and gut cells of the shrimp Palaemon argentinus regulated by ecdysone.","authors":"Kamila Foguesatto, Celina C Almeida, Robert T Boyle, Luiz E M Nery, Marta M Souza","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/boc.202400085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The crustacean molting cycle is triggered by the elevation of ecdysteroid levels in the hemolymph during late pre-molt. It is known that these animals absorb water through the intestine and gills to promote bodily swelling and rupture of the old exoskeleton. The participation of two membrane proteins responsible for the most uptake of water during the late pre-molt has been shown in the gill and gut cells of the freshwater shrimp Palaemon argentinus: Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (NKA), which generates an osmoionic gradient, and Aquaporins (AQPs), water channels, which provide higher water permeability. Studies investigating the action of ecdysteroids on these proteins are scarce. Therefore, we investigated 20-hydroxyecdisone (20E) in relation to the regulation of NKA and AQPs in the gill and gut cells of P. argentinus. We exposed primary cultures of both gut and gill cells to 20E. Gill cells treated with hormone in the presence of NKA-blockers, exhibited a reduction in volume, and cells treated with 20E showed a greater expression of NKA than untreated cells. Additionally, gills cells treated with 20E showed an increase in volume (∼60%), which the aquaporin inhibitor (HgCl₂) prevented. The participation of AQPs in the influx of water was corroborated by a greater expression of AQP in cells treated with 20E compared to untreated cells. Gut cells of animals in intermolt exposed to hormone (20E) maintained their initial cell volume. With the addition of HgCl2, these cells showed a reduction in volume similar to cells of animals in pre-molt. Immunocytochemistry showed a high expression of AQP in gut cells treated with 20E. These findings suggest that 20E regulates the expression of AQP and NKA in the late pre-molt, to provide water uptake for molting. This work offers new perspectives concerning the molting hormone, placing it as a crucial part of water uptake for ecdysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":" ","pages":"e202400085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRCI2NA inaugural symposium: A meeting on tumor and immune ecosystems","authors":"Vincent J. Guen,&nbsp;Gwennan André-Grégoire,&nbsp;Céline Beauvillain,&nbsp;Frank Boury,&nbsp;Morgane Chauvet,&nbsp;Aurore M. M. Dupuy,&nbsp;Jean-François Fonteneau,&nbsp;Katia Gagne,&nbsp;Julie Gavard,&nbsp;Patricia Gomez-Bougie,&nbsp;Eloïse Grasset,&nbsp;Jane Jardine,&nbsp;François Lamoureux,&nbsp;Mélanie Laurent--Blond,&nbsp;Éric Letouzé,&nbsp;Yanis Macé,&nbsp;Sandrine Maurice,&nbsp;Claire Pecqueur,&nbsp;Daniel Pouliquen,&nbsp;Latifa Rbah-Vidal,&nbsp;Catherine Pellat-Deceunynck,&nbsp;Philippe P. Juin","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400111","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CRCI²NA inaugural symposium, a meeting on tumor and immune ecosystems, took place in the vibrant and picturesque city of Nantes. The meeting gathered world-renowned experts in cancer biology and immunology. It showcased the most advanced science on mechanisms driving cellular heterogeneity, plasticity, and signaling in normal and cancer cellular ecosystems, which contribute to cancer development, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Recent developments in cancer immunotherapy and anti-tumor strategies were also discussed to collectively assess new therapeutic vulnerabilities to defeat cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-terminal targeting sequences and coding sequences act in concert to determine the localization and trafficking pathway of apicoplast proteins in Toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Sofia Anjum,&nbsp;Aparna Prasad,&nbsp;Pragati Mastud,&nbsp;Geetanjali Mishra,&nbsp;Swati Patankar","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Backgound Information</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> has a relict plastid, the apicoplast, to which nuclear-encoded proteins are targeted after synthesis in the cytosol. Proteins exclusively found in the apicoplast use a Golgi-independent route for trafficking, while dually targeted proteins found in both the apicoplast and the mitochondrion use a Golgi-dependent route. For apicoplast targeting, N-terminal signal sequences have been shown to direct the localization of different reporters. In this study, we use chimeric proteins to dissect out the roles of N-terminal sequences and coding sequences in apicoplast localization and the choice of the trafficking route.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that when the N-termini of a dually targeted protein, <i>Tg</i>TPx1/2, or of an apicoplast protein, <i>Tg</i>ACP, are fused with the reporter protein, enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) or endogenous proteins, <i>Tg</i>SOD2, <i>Tg</i>SOD3, <i>Tg</i>ACP, or <i>Tg</i>TPx1/2, the chimeric proteins exhibit flexibility in apicoplast targeting depending on the coding sequences. Further, the chimeras that are localized to the apicoplast use different trafficking pathways depending on the combination of the N-terminal signals and the coding sequences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This report shows, for the first time, that in addition to the N-terminal signal sequences, targeting and trafficking signals also reside within the coding sequences of apicoplast proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet our editorial board members: An interview with Tsuyoshi Hirashima, National University of Singapore","authors":"Paul Trevorrow,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Hirashima","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and evolution of microvilli","authors":"Mylan Ansel,&nbsp;Kaustubh Ramachandran,&nbsp;Gautam Dey,&nbsp;Thibaut Brunet","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background Information</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microvilli are finger-like, straight, and stable cellular protrusions that are filled with F-actin and present a stereotypical length. They are present in a broad range of cell types across the animal tree of life and mediate several fundamental functions, including nutrient absorption, photosensation, and mechanosensation. Therefore, understanding the origin and evolution of microvilli is key to reconstructing the evolution of animal cellular form and function. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on microvilli evolution and perform a bioinformatic survey of the conservation of genes encoding microvillar proteins in animals and their unicellular relatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We first present a detailed description of mammalian microvilli based on two well-studied examples, the brush border microvilli of enterocytes and the stereocilia of hair cells. We also survey the broader diversity of microvilli and discuss similarities and differences between microvilli and filopodia. Based on our bioinformatic survey coupled with carefully reconstructed molecular phylogenies, we reconstitute the order of evolutionary appearance of microvillar proteins. We document the stepwise evolutionary assembly of the “molecular microvillar toolkit” with notable bursts of innovation at two key nodes: the last common filozoan ancestor (correlated with the evolution of microvilli distinct from filopodia) and the last common choanozoan ancestor (correlated with the emergence of inter-microvillar adhesions).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude with a scenario for the evolution of microvilli from filopodia-like ancestral structures in unicellular precursors of animals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/boc.202400054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronic acid-alginate hydrogel stimulates the differentiation of neonatal mouse testicular cells into hepatocyte-like and other cell lineages in three-dimensional culture","authors":"Leila Rashki Ghaleno,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Hajari,&nbsp;Mahmoud Alipour Choshali,&nbsp;Elham Abed Heidari,&nbsp;Abdolhossein Shahverdi,&nbsp;Hiva Alipour,&nbsp;Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background information</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived hydrogels are frequently used in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture and organoid formation in several tissues. However, in the 3D cultivation of testicular cells, the hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel has not received as much attention. This study examined the effects of three distinct composites, including HA-alginate (HA-Alg), HA-alginate-collagen (HA-Alg-Col), and HA-alginate-decellularized ECM (HA-Alg-dECM), on mouse testicular cell culture and in vitro spermatogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the creation of composites, the concentration of biomaterials used was 0.5% HA, 1% alginate, 2.5 mg/mL collagen, and 25 mg/mL dECM derived from the testicles of Rams. After 3D culture of 5 days post-partum (dpp) mouse testicular cells for 14 days, HA-Alg was selected as a superior composite due to the greater number and size of the produced organoids. Then, cell culture was rerun by HA-Alg for 14 days, which was later extended for an additional 28 days. In addition, the 3D culture of 10 dpp mouse testicular cells was used to compare with 5 dpp mice on day 14. The morphology and gene expression were analyzed using appropriate techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On day 14, the HA-Alg hydrogel showed significantly more organoids in terms of size and number than the other two groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05); nevertheless, none of the groups showed the expected signs of testis organoids. Remarkably, on day 14, the histology and immunostaining tests revealed features of hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and albumin production as a marker of HLC functionality. Furthermore, the analysis of gene expression verified the significant expression of angiogenesis markers (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). After the extended culture to 28 days, 5 dpp testicular cells once more differentiated into erythrocytes and HLCs, while a small number of organoids showed the characteristic of renal cells. Cell culture of 10 dpp mice for 14 days showed a wide range of cell lineages, including renal, glandular, chondrocyte, and hepatocyte-like cells in comparison to the 5 dpp mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the HA-Alg composite did not support spermatogenesis in the 3D culture of mouse testicular cells, it demonstrated an unpredicted potential for promoting the differentiation of neonate mouse testicular cells into HLC, erythrocytes, and other cell lineages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/boc.202400049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of TRPV1 expression on neurons due to downregulation of P2X7R in neonatal rat dorsal root ganglion satellite glial cells under co-culture conditions","authors":"Hongji Wang,&nbsp;Lisha Chen,&nbsp;Juping Xing,&nbsp;Xiangchao Shi,&nbsp;Changshui Xu","doi":"10.1111/boc.202400021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/boc.202400021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Background information: The purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is an ATP-gated ion channel that transmits extracellular signals and induces corresponding biological effects, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that maintains normal physiological functions; numerous studies showed that P2X7R and TRPV1 are associated with inflammatory reactions. Results: The effect of P2X7R knockdown in satellite glial cells (SGCs) on neuronal TRPV1 expression under high glucose and high free fat (HGHF) environment was investigated. P2X7 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was utilized to downregulate P2X7R in SGCs, and treated and untreated SGCs were co-cultured with neuronal cell lines. The expression levels of inflammatory factors and signaling pathways in SGCs and neurons were measured using Western blot analysis, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results suggested that P2X7 shRNA reduced the expression levels of P2X7R protein and mRNA in SGCs surrounding DRG neurons and downregulated the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta via the Ca²⁺/p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Additionally, the downregulation of P2X7R might decrease TRPV1 expression in neurons via the Ca²⁺/PKC-ɛ/p38 MAPK pathway.Conclusions: Reducing P2X7R expression in SCGs in an HGHF environment could decrease neuronal TRPV1 expression via the Ca²⁺/PKC-ɛ/p38 MAPK pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":8859,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the Cell","volume":"116 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}