Biomicrofluidics最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive dynamics of drug-mediated zebrafish under sound stimuli in a microfluidic environment.","authors":"Prashant Kishor Sharma, Dineshkumar Loganathan, Ming-Lung Chen, Yueh-Hsun Lu, Pu-Hsiang Wang, Chia-Yuan Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0270298","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0270298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Larval zebrafish are an appropriate animal and laboratory model for exploring the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive abilities, especially concerning their applicability to human cognition. To replicate the natural habitats of such organisms at the laboratory level, microfluidic platforms are employed as a valuable tool in mimicking the intricate spatiotemporal stimuli together with high-throughput screening. This work investigated the memory capabilities of zebrafish larvae across different developmental stages (5-9 days post-fertilization) by employing sound stimuli within the microfluidic environment. Notably, the sound signal with 1200 Hz frequency was observed to be significantly sensitive among all the considered developmental stages in stimulating the responses. In addition, the impact of the memory enhancer drug methylene blue (MB) was tested, revealing a significant enhancement in cognitive performance compared to controls. Specifically, learning (training) and memory (post-training) were observed to exhibit 2-fold and 20-fold increases, respectively, in MB-exposed larvae. In addition to sound stimuli and memory enhancer drugs, the impact of environmental complexity on cognitive abilities was examined by employing different designs of microchannels, such as series, parallel, and combined configurations. The presented experimental paradigm provides a robust framework for various zebrafish studies, including sensory processing mechanisms, learning capabilities, and potential therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"034105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Droplet acoustofluidics: Recent progress and challenges.","authors":"Mushtaq Ali, Woohyuk Kim, Muhammad Soban Khan, Mehmet Akif Sahin, Ghulam Destgeer, Jinsoo Park","doi":"10.1063/5.0261531","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0261531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acoustofluidics, offering contact-free and precise manipulation of micro-objects, has emerged as a transformative tool for various biological and medical applications. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in droplet manipulation using acoustic waves. This review provides an in-depth exploration of acoustofluidic techniques for droplet manipulation, presenting a balanced perspective on the role of this versatile platform across diverse applications. The paper begins by introducing the underlying mechanism of acoustic forces acting on the droplets, followed by a comprehensive discussion of acoustofluidic techniques tailored for essential unit operations, such as droplet generation, separation, merging, splitting, steering, trapping, in-droplet sample manipulation, sample control within sessile droplets, and digital acoustofluidics. Finally, the prospects and limitations of acoustofluidics for droplet manipulations are also discussed, suggesting the future direction of droplet acoustofluidics research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on electrically modulated transport of soft, multiphase systems in microflow: Perspectives on drops and vesicles.","authors":"Deepanjan Das, Nirmalendu Biswas","doi":"10.1063/5.0254950","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0254950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the transport of soft and multiphase systems such as droplets and vesicles, the controlled movement of these systems could be regulated in microfluidic channels using an external electrical field is a convenient method for further studying and even tuning micro-transport behaviors. The electric field induces complex electrohydrodynamic behaviors in such systems with considerable impact on their deformation, motion, and interaction with the surrounding fluid. Introducing an electric field exerts stresses at the interface of these fluids, which ensures precise control over their deformation and motion with the features of droplets or vesicles that are vital for their subsequent manipulation inside confined microchannels. Here, electrically modulated transport dynamics in soft multiphase systems, specifically droplets and vesicles, in microfluidic systems are studied meticulously. In this review work, we study how the electric field strength, fluid properties, and membrane characteristics, all of which are important to the directed motion of these systems, are coupled to one another. It also notes that vesicles, with their bilayer lipid membranes, have unique dynamics-such as the formation of membrane tensions and bending rigidity-that affect their electrohydrodynamic behaviors, unlike simple droplets. Studying the electrically driven dynamics of the soft matter, this review offers useful perspectives on the creation of next-generation microfluidics devices, ranging from drug delivery to synthetic biology and materials manufacturing. The effects of the field strength, frequency, and geometry on the transport properties of the droplets and vesicles and highlighting the rich interplay between the electrostatic forces and the inherent properties of soft matter are studied systematically. Recent advances in experimental methods (such as high-precision imaging, micro-manipulation, and sophisticated computational modeling) have also taken our understanding of these electrohydrodynamic processes to new heights. This review further explores potential applications of these technologies in lab-on-a-chip platforms, drug delivery systems, and bioanalytical tools and highlights challenges, including stability, scalability, and reproducibility. The conclusion includes proposed directions for future research aimed at enhancing the localization, control, and efficiency of electrokinetic manipulation in soft matter-based microfluidic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyber-physical security of biochips: A perspective.","authors":"Navajit Singh Baban, Sukanta Bhattacharjee, Yong-Ak Song, Krishnendu Chakrabarty, Ramesh Karri","doi":"10.1063/5.0252554","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0252554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microfluidic biochips (MBs) are transforming diagnostics, healthcare, and biomedical research. However, their rapid deployment has exposed them to diverse security threats, including structural tampering, material degradation, sample-level interference, and intellectual property (IP) theft, such as counterfeiting, overbuilding, and piracy. This perspective highlights emerging attack vectors and countermeasures aimed at mitigating these risks. Structural attacks, such as stealthy design code modifications, can result in faulty diagnostics. To address this, deep learning -based anomaly detection leverages microstructural changes, including optical changes such as shadows or reflections, to identify and resolve faults. Material-level countermeasures, including mechano-responsive dyes and spectrometric watermarking, safeguard against subtle chemical alterations during fabrication. Sample-level protections, such as molecular barcoding, ensure bio-sample integrity by embedding unique DNA sequences for authentication. At the IP level, techniques like watermarking, physically unclonable functions, fingerprinting, and obfuscation schemes provide robust defenses against reverse engineering and counterfeiting. Together, these approaches offer a multi-layered security framework to protect MBs, ensuring their reliability, safety, and trustworthiness in critical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paper-based microfluidics: Analyte-driven imbibition under the lens.","authors":"Sumit Kumar Mehta, Shubham Kumar, Amy Q Shen, Pranab Kumar Mondal","doi":"10.1063/5.0263749","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0263749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paper-based microfluidic devices are widely used in point-of-care diagnostics, yet the fundamental mechanisms governing analyte transport under partially saturated conditions remain insufficiently characterized. Here, we systematically investigate the concentration-dependent imbibition dynamics and particle trapping behavior of analyte/colloid-laden fluids in porous paper substrates. Using model food-dye colloids of varying particle sizes (∼0.3-4.5 <i>μ</i>m) and concentrations (0.5-2 mg/ml), we quantify key saturation-dependent parameters and reveal their strong influence on wicking length and analyte retention. A semiempirical numerical model incorporating experimentally derived van Genuchten and Brooks-Corey parameters is developed to predict analyte flow under varying conditions. Our study demonstrates that particle size, concentration, and paper properties critically modulate transport behavior, with implications for reproducibility and sensitivity in lateral flow assays. Furthermore, through Damköhler number analysis, we propose practical design guidelines for optimal test line placement based on flow and reaction dynamics. This combined experimental and modeling framework offers new insights for the rational design and optimization of paper-based diagnostic platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"034104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling up microdroplet production with post-array devices.","authors":"Shuzo Masui, Yusuke Kanno, Takasi Nisisako","doi":"10.1063/5.0270507","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0270507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microfluidic systems capable of generating uniform droplets are gaining attention in food, cosmetics, biochemical, and materials applications. While conventional shear- or interfacial tension-driven nozzle devices can generate highly monodisperse droplets (CV < 5%), their scalability is limited by complex flow designs and clogging. Post-array devices have recently emerged as a high-throughput alternative, producing quasi-monodisperse droplets (CV > 12%) by sequentially breaking larger droplets using micro-post structures. These devices offer shear-dependent tunability of droplet sizes, greater resistance to clogging, and scalability. Notably, droplet size is strongly influenced by the dispersed phase fraction, enabling potential decoupling of droplet size and dispersed phase fraction. This study reviews the principles and performance of post-array devices, compares them with other droplet generation methods, and examines their similarities to droplet splitting in T-junctions and premix membrane emulsification. Challenges such as improving droplet uniformity and miniaturization are also discussed to highlight the potential of post-array systems for practical emulsification applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tracking algorithm for finite-size particles.","authors":"Aryan Mehboudi, Shrawan Singhal, S V Sreenivasan","doi":"10.1063/5.0271539","DOIUrl":"10.1063/5.0271539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particle-wall interaction is important in various applications such as cell sorting, particle separation, the entire class of hydrodynamic filtration and its derivatives, etc. Yet, accurate implementation of interactions between the wall and finite-size particles is not trivial when working with the currently available particle tracking algorithms/packages as they typically work with point-wise particles. Herein, we report a particle tracking algorithm that takes into account interactions between particles of finite size and nearby solid objects. A particle is modeled as a set of circumferential points. While fluid-particle interactions are captured during the track of particle center, interactions between particles and nearby solid objects are modeled explicitly by examining circumferential points and applying a reflection scheme as needed to ensure impenetrability of solid objects. We also report a modified variant of auxiliary structured grid method to locate hosting cells, which in conjunction with a boundary condition scheme enables the capture of interactions between particles and solid objects. As a proof-of-concept, we numerically and experimentally study the particles' motion within a deterministic lateral displacement microfluidic device. The results successfully demonstrate the zigzag and bump modes observed in our experiments. We also study a microfluidic device with pinched flow numerically and validate our results against experimental data from the literature. By demonstrating an almost 8 <math><mo>×</mo></math> speedup on a system with eight performance threads, our investigations suggest that the algorithm can benefit from parallel processing on multi-thread systems. We believe that the proposed framework can pave the way for designing related microfluidic chips precisely and conveniently.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"034103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in microscale techniques for red blood cells manipulation.","authors":"Huihui Xu, Huijing Zhang, Tiechuan Li, Xuexin Duan","doi":"10.1063/5.0267049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0267049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manipulation of red blood cells (RBCs) in microscale has proven to play a pivotal role in various applications, such as disease diagnosis and drug delivery. Over the past decades, the capabilities of microscale manipulation techniques have evolved from simple particle manipulation to cells and organisms, with numerous microfluidic-based research tools being developed for RBC manipulation. This review first introduces the reported microscale manipulation techniques and their principles, including passive microfluidic methods based on microstructures and hydrodynamics, as well as active methods such as acoustic, optical, and electrical techniques. It then focuses on the application scenarios of these micro-scale manipulation methods for RBC manipulation, including the investigation of RBC mechanical properties, the preparation of RBC carriers, the control of RBC rotation, and RBC lysis. Finally, the future prospects of microscale techniques in RBC manipulation are discussed. This review offers a comprehensive comparison of various techniques, aiming to provide researchers from different fields with a broad perspective and to guide the continued development of microscale manipulation methods for RBC applications. It seeks to help researchers from diverse backgrounds stay informed about the latest trends and advancements in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of pressure balance in proximity of sidewalls in deterministic lateral displacement.","authors":"Aryan Mehboudi, Shrawan Singhal, S V Sreenivasan","doi":"10.1063/5.0272397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0272397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a popular technique for the size-based separation of particles. A key challenge in the design of DLD chips is to eliminate the fluid flow disturbance caused by channel sidewalls intersecting with pillar matrix. While there are numerous reports attempting to mitigate this issue by adjusting the gaps between pillars on the sidewalls and the closest ones residing on the bulk grid of DLD, there are only a few works that also configure the axial gap of pillars adjacent to the accumulation sidewall. Herein, we study various designs numerically to investigate the effects of geometrical configurations of sidewalls on the critical diameter and first stream flux fraction variations across the channel. Our results show that regardless of the model used for the boundary gap profile, applying a pressure balance scheme can improve the separation performance by reducing the critical diameter variations. In particular, we found that for a given boundary gap distribution, there can be two desired parameter sets with relatively low critical diameter variations. One is related to sufficiently low lateral resistance of interface unit cells next to the accumulation sidewall, while the other one emerges by reducing the axial resistance of the interface unit cells to an appropriate extent. This work should pave the way for designing DLD systems with improved performance, which can be critically important for applications such as the separation of rare cells, among others, wherein target species need to be concentrated into as narrow a stream as possible downstream of the device to enhance purity and the recovery rate simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"034102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities of scalable and electrostatically optimized electrodes for electric field- and current-driven microfluidic applications.","authors":"K-S Csizi, A E Frackowiak, R D Lovchik, E Lörtscher","doi":"10.1063/5.0244129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0244129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silicon-based microfluidics enable the creation of highly complex, three-dimensional fluid networks. These comprise scalable channel sizes and monolithically integrated functionalities available from complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. On this versatile, solid-state platform, advanced manufacturing techniques exist that allow the channel walls to be directly electrified with one or multiple pairs of electrodes along the fluid-carrying channel. The electrodes have ideal electrostatic geometries, yielding homogeneous electric field distributions across the entire cross section of the microfluidic channel. As these are located directly at the channel, only low supply voltages are needed to achieve suitable field strengths. Furthermore, a controlled supply of charge carriers to the microfluidic channel is feasible. These configurations may serve numerous applications, including highly efficient mechanisms to manipulate droplets, cells, and molecular compounds, perform pico-injection or poration, trigger and control chemical reactions, or realize electrochemical and capacitive sensing modalities. In this perspective, we describe the generic design and fabrication of these electrodes and discuss their miniaturization and scaling properties. Furthermore, we forecast novel use cases and discuss challenges in the context of the most interesting applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8855,"journal":{"name":"Biomicrofluidics","volume":"19 3","pages":"031302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}