Behavioral Ecology最新文献_第8页

Larger frogs are better mimics but are more risk-averse in a nontoxic poison frog. 体型较大的青蛙更善于模仿，但对于无毒的毒蛙来说，它们更不愿冒险。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 eCollection Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf117

Brendan L McEwen, Justin Yeager, Ana Veneat, James B Barnett

{"title":"Larger frogs are better mimics but are more risk-averse in a nontoxic poison frog.","authors":"Brendan L McEwen, Justin Yeager, Ana Veneat, James B Barnett","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf117","url":null,"abstract":"Aposematic species signal to potential predators with salient and recognizable coloration. Predators learn to associate these warning signals with secondary defenses (eg toxins) and will subsequently avoid attacking aposematic prey. Warning signals can therefore reduce the need to hide and/or flee and alleviate some of the energetic/opportunity costs of predator avoidance. Consequently, aposematic species are frequently active and bold in behavior. Batesian mimics replicate the colors, and often the behavior, of aposematic species and may benefit from a similar reduction in predation risk and energetic/opportunity costs. Allobates zaparo (Aromobatidae) is a nontoxic Batesian mimic of the chemically defended poison frog Ameerega bilinguis (Dendrobatidae). However, the efficacy of mimicry appears to change throughout ontogeny as Al. zaparo develops from a seemingly cryptic juvenile to the mimetic adult. We examined how morphological mimicry (ie color) and the propensity to explore a novel environment (ie boldness) changed throughout ontogeny. We predicted that mimicry would improve with increasing size and that better mimics would engage in more exploratory behavior. We found that larger mimics more closely matched their model however they were less likely to be active than were smaller frogs. These data suggest that larger size, and more accurate mimicry, do not necessarily correspond to increases in behavioral boldness. This result may arise from limitations in Batesian mimicry but factors including foraging requirements or social/reproductive behavior cannot be discounted. More research is needed to understand the relationship between behavior, color, body size, and maturity in these frogs and across Batesian mimics more widely.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 6","pages":"araf117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12596420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145487508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Latent layers in social networks and their implications for comparative analyses. 社会网络中的潜在层及其对比较分析的影响。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf113

Delphine De Moor, Jordan D A Hart, Daniel W Franks, Lauren J N Brent, Matthew J Silk, Josefine B Brask

{"title":"Latent layers in social networks and their implications for comparative analyses.","authors":"Delphine De Moor, Jordan D A Hart, Daniel W Franks, Lauren J N Brent, Matthew J Silk, Josefine B Brask","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf113","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf113","url":null,"abstract":"Animal social systems are remarkably diverse, ranging from solitary individuals to well-connected cooperative groups. Understanding the drivers of this variation is a key question in behavioral ecology and has been the focus of numerous studies linking social structure to ecological, demographic, and life history patterns within groups, population, and species. Equipped with this information, researchers are now turning to investigations that are comparative in nature. However, comparing social networks remains a considerable logistical and analytical challenge. Here, we present the latent layers framework, which outlines how observed social networks are linked to the 2 underlying latent networks that are of interest for most research questions: the realised social network (the actual pattern of social interactions), and the social preference network driving these interactions. This conceptual framework provides a clear and unified approach to understand when and why differences in network properties and sampling protocols can introduce discrepancies between observed and latent networks, potentially biasing or confounding statistical inference. We then use this conceptual framework to outline some of the central challenges to comparing animal social networks, describe why and how they create challenges for comparative analyses, and suggest potential directions for solutions. The latent layers framework can help researchers to identify networks they can (or cannot) compare. In doing so, this framework facilitates advances in comparative social network studies with the potential to generate new and important insights into the ecological and evolutionary drivers of variation in social structure across the animal kingdom.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 6","pages":"araf113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12598393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal care shapes an aposematic display and provides lifelong protection against predators. 母性的照顾形成了一种警示的表现，并提供了终身的保护，以抵御捕食者。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf116

C Lindstedt, G Boncoraglio, S C Cotter, J D J Gilbert, R M Kilner

{"title":"Maternal care shapes an aposematic display and provides lifelong protection against predators.","authors":"C Lindstedt, G Boncoraglio, S C Cotter, J D J Gilbert, R M Kilner","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf116","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf116","url":null,"abstract":"Parental care can improve early offspring survival against predators by providing protection and resources. However, we have little knowledge of how its effects shape predator-prey interactions later in life. We investigated this with the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides which provides care for offspring and carries warning coloration to advertise its chemical defenses to predators. Warning displays by prey are selected by predators for uniformity and to reliably advertise the extent to which individuals are chemically defended. We investigated whether the strength of the correlation between the conspicuousness of the warning display and the potency of the chemical defenses depends on levels of care received during development by manipulating the level of maternal care received by larvae and tracking the effects into adulthood. We found that individuals that received limited care, developed into smaller adults with less conspicuous warning displays. The correlation between the visual display and the chemical defense was also weaker when broods received little care as larvae. We conclude that maternal care received by burying beetles modulates the information content of aposematic defense: less care makes signals less reliable. Our results further suggest that the prey's social environment could constrain the response to selection from predators on warning signal reliability.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12541378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Boat noise alters individual behaviors but not communication between partners in a fish-shrimp mutualism. 在鱼虾共生关系中，船的噪音会改变个体的行为，但不会改变伙伴之间的交流。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf110

Jack L Manera, Jake M Martin, Maria M Palacios, Rachel T Mason, Mark I McCormick, Bob B M Wong

{"title":"Boat noise alters individual behaviors but not communication between partners in a fish-shrimp mutualism.","authors":"Jack L Manera, Jake M Martin, Maria M Palacios, Rachel T Mason, Mark I McCormick, Bob B M Wong","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf110","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf110","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent noise pollution produced by boat traffic is reshaping marine soundscapes globally. Despite growing ecological concern, most studies to date have focused on individual-level effects under laboratory conditions, leaving major gaps in our understanding of how boat noise shapes species interactions in the wild. Using field-based behavioral assays, we investigate how boat noise from different engine types (4-stroke and 2-stroke) affects the mutualistic partnership between Steinitz's goby (Amblyeleotris steinitzi) and snapping shrimp (Alpheus spp.). Across 123 partnerships, we recorded behavioral responses before, during, and after noise exposure. Gobies increased burrow use during 4-stroke boat noise exposure, while shrimp responded stronger to 2-stroke noise-reflecting taxon-specific sensitivities to different noise spectra. Despite these shifts, tactile partner communication was not affected by boat noise. These findings highlight divergent vulnerabilities between species tied to different engine acoustics and emphasize the need for targeted research to inform strategies for mitigating marine noise pollution.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term fitness effects of the early-life environment in a wild bird population. 野生鸟类早期生活环境的长期适应性效应。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf097

Yuheng Sun, Terry A Burke, Hannah L Dugdale, Julia Schroeder

{"title":"Long-term fitness effects of the early-life environment in a wild bird population.","authors":"Yuheng Sun, Terry A Burke, Hannah L Dugdale, Julia Schroeder","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf097","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf097","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental conditions and experiences during development can have long-term fitness consequences, including a reduction of adulthood survival and reproduction. These long-term fitness consequences may play an important role in shaping the evolution of life history. We tested two hypotheses on the long-term fitness effects of the developmental environment-the silver spoon hypothesis and the internal predictive adaptive response (PAR) hypothesis. We compared the change in annual survival and annual reproductive output with age for adult birds hatched and/or reared in poor--impacted by anthropogenic noise, and/or high sibling competition--and good--not impacted by anthropogenic noise, and/or low sibling competition--environments. We used a 23-year longitudinal dataset from a wild house sparrow (Passer domesticus) population inhabiting an isolated island, which enabled near-complete monitoring and unusually accurate lifetime fitness estimates. We used a cross-fostering setup to disentangle environmental effects experienced postnatally from those experienced prenatally. We found that adults that, as chicks experienced more within-brood competition had a stronger increase in early-life annual survival, but also a stronger decrease in late-life annual survival. Females that hatched in a noisy environment produced fewer genetic recruits annually, supporting a sex-specific silver spoon hypothesis. Males reared in a noisy environment had accelerated reproductive schedules, supporting a sex-specific internal PAR hypothesis. Our results highlight that anthropogenic noise (∼68 dB from power generators) can have long-term fitness consequences in wild animals, altering their life-history strategies, and that effects may be sex-specific.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation over time during mate choice in the green swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii. 剑尾剑尾鱼择偶过程中不同时期的比较评价。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf108

Kathryn Bullough, Bram Kuijper, Laura A Kelley

{"title":"Comparative evaluation over time during mate choice in the green swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii.","authors":"Kathryn Bullough, Bram Kuijper, Laura A Kelley","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf108","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf108","url":null,"abstract":"During mate choice, choosers are exposed to a variety of sexual signals varying in both magnitude and the environment in which they are experienced. Previous work assumes that choosers evaluate signal variation from potential mates that are simultaneously viewed and compared. However, this is an extreme scenario, and it is important to also consider sequential presentation of mates, as most animals likely experience both scenarios during mate choice. Using green swordtail fish (Xiphophorus hellerii), we assessed whether female preferences for larger males differed when males of different sizes were experienced simultaneously or sequentially. We also investigated the perceptual mechanisms of comparison in both contexts, given recent research suggesting that female preferences are often nonlinear. We found that females consistently preferred larger males, irrespective of whether males were experienced simultaneously or sequentially. However, female preferences were stronger for a male of a given size when viewed under simultaneous, compared with sequential, conditions. During sequential presentation, females compared information from both previously and currently presented males, and interest did not decay with subsequent presentations. Previous research has demonstrated that female green swordtails assessing males simultaneously attend to the relative size difference between males, but we found no evidence of any comparative size assessment. Our study demonstrates that when designing mate choice experiments, it is important to consider how females encounter potential mates in the wild, highlighting that there are clear differences in preferences due to methods of mate presentation and that stochastic adjusting of internal standards of quality frequently occur.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12509059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Good guardian, bad parent: tradeoffs between territory defense and parental care in Darwin's finches. 好监护人，坏父母：达尔文雀在保卫领地和照顾亲代之间的权衡。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf109

Andrew C Katsis, Lauren K Common, Çağlar Akçay, Sonia Kleindorfer

{"title":"Good guardian, bad parent: tradeoffs between territory defense and parental care in Darwin's finches.","authors":"Andrew C Katsis, Lauren K Common, Çağlar Akçay, Sonia Kleindorfer","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf109","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf109","url":null,"abstract":"Although defending a territory may benefit individuals by allowing them to retain important resources, the time and energy costs associated with territory defense may lead territory owners to neglect other reproductively important behaviors. In this study, we assessed the potential tradeoff between territory defense and parental care in 4 Darwin's finch species on Floreana Island, Galápagos. Using song playback, we simulated territory intrusions to measure male aggressiveness across multiple stages of the breeding cycle (unpaired, paired, incubating, and chick feeding). To quantify parental care at each nest, we conducted 1-h observations to record the frequency of male food deliveries and the duration of female incubation and brooding. Male aggressiveness toward a perceived intruder did not change across the breeding cycle and was highly repeatable (adjusted R = 0.597), although responses became less vocal across the breeding cycle. A male's aggressiveness did not predict his frequency of food deliveries during incubation or chick feeding, although females paired with more aggressive males spent significantly less time incubating. This finding provides weak evidence for a tradeoff between territory defense and parental care, although the behavioral mechanisms mediating this relationship remain uncertain. Finally, males with aggressive and nonaggressive behavioral phenotypes did not differ in their hatching success, although additional work is needed to assess other measures of individual fitness.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does rainfall or temperature influence antipredator vigilance in a hibernating mammal? 降雨或温度会影响冬眠哺乳动物的反捕食警觉性吗？

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-20 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf105

Karsten Bobb, Katie A Adler, Julien G A Martin, Daniel T Blumstein

{"title":"Does rainfall or temperature influence antipredator vigilance in a hibernating mammal?","authors":"Karsten Bobb, Katie A Adler, Julien G A Martin, Daniel T Blumstein","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf105","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf105","url":null,"abstract":"As the global climate changes, temperatures are rising, snow is melting earlier, and rainfall is becoming more variable, and these climatic changes may create an ecological mismatch. While prior work has shown how animals respond to these changes physiologically and behaviorally, few have specifically investigated antipredator behavior, an essential activity. In many species, there are direct fitness tradeoffs between allocating time and energy to antipredator vigilance and foraging. To discover how these tradeoffs are affected by climate change, we studied how temperature, snowmelt date, and rainfall affected the proportion of time yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer) allocated to vigilance during bouts of foraging. While snowmelt and temperature did not explain variation in vigilance, rainfall did. Higher rainfall in the week prior to a focal observation was associated with higher vigilance, possibly reflecting more abundant food that affords the luxury of increasing antipredator vigilance while foraging. Such an effect might be consequential at the population level given the importance of foraging and antipredator behaviors for a highly time restrictive hibernating species. Further research is necessary to determine consequences at the population level and whether and how these findings extend to other species.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12510307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of human presence and activity on urban Eurasian red squirrels' innovative problem-solving. 人类存在和活动对城市欧亚红松鼠创新解决问题的影响。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-16 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf104

Pizza Ka Yee Chow, Olli J Loukola, Cwyn Solvi

{"title":"Impact of human presence and activity on urban Eurasian red squirrels' innovative problem-solving.","authors":"Pizza Ka Yee Chow, Olli J Loukola, Cwyn Solvi","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf104","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf104","url":null,"abstract":"Humans impact wildlife positively and negatively, and increasing evidence shows that humans potentially play a major role in shaping urban wildlife cognition. However, it remains unclear which, and how specific anthropogenic factors, shape animal cognitive performance. Here, across 15 urban areas in Oulu, Finland, we investigated how varied levels of human presence nearby, types of human activity (walking, dog-walking, cycling, and playground activities), and distance to the nearest footpaths influenced 64 squirrels' innovative problem-solving ability-measured as the proportion of solving success at the site level, solving outcome at the individual level as well as individuals' first-success latency. Higher mean human presence nearby and all measured human activities significantly decreased the proportion of success at the site level. Playground activity showed the highest negative impact on both the first- and subsequent-visit success rate at the site level. Increased mean human presence and walking decreased the likelihood of a squirrel successfully solving the novel food-extraction problem. When examining the problem-solving latency of individual squirrels, increased human presence also decreased squirrels' first-success latency, and dog-walking was the outstanding factor affecting first-success latency. These results show the negative effects of specific human-related factors on an important cognitive trait, problem-solving ability. These factors may also potentially exert selective pressure on shaping urban wildlife cognition.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complex dynamics of social learning in groups of wild Arabian babblers. 野生阿拉伯牙牙学语者群体社会学习的复杂动态。

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf099

Naama Aljadeff, Oded Keynan, Arnon Lotem

{"title":"Complex dynamics of social learning in groups of wild Arabian babblers.","authors":"Naama Aljadeff, Oded Keynan, Arnon Lotem","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf099","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf099","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the effect of a demonstrator on the learning of a novel foraging task in 12 groups of free-living cooperative breeding Arabian babblers (Argya squamiceps). We allowed naïve babblers to forage jointly on a foraging grid with a demonstrator previously trained to solve a task in one of 2 possible methods: lifting covers of 1 color or pecking through covers of another color. We found that most group members learned to solve the task using one of the methods, and persisted with it even when later tested with covers of a third (neutral) color that could be opened by both lifting and pecking. However, the method learned by group members did not necessarily follow the method used by the pre-trained demonstrator. Instead, learners within each group tended to use the same method (significantly more than expected by chance), and the extent to which groups differed from the demonstrator was correlated with the extent to which the demonstrator occasionally (and quite rarely) exhibited also the alternative method. These results, together with further analysis of the sequence of events in each group, suggest that both naïve birds and demonstrators learn socially from each other, as well as through individual trial-and-error learning, which enables naïve individuals to become demonstrators themselves and influence the pattern of social transmission. This process mostly leads to a homogenous group behavior, but one that cannot be predicted by the seeded demonstration.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 5","pages":"araf099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0