Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders最新文献

{"title":"Emerging role of miRNA in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.","authors":"Saurabh Srivastav, Susanne Walitza, Edna Grünblatt","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0232-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12402-017-0232-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder whose aetiology still remains elusive. Nevertheless, evidence supports a high genetic contribution that interacts with environmental factors, also known to modulate epigenetic processes. These epigenetic modulators are a class of non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), known as post-transcriptional regulators, which have emerged as prospective players in neuropsychiatric disorders since they play a role in brain development, synapse formation, and the fine-tuning of genes underlying synaptic and memory formation. Here, we review the current literature following a systematic search up until August 2016. The keywords used were \"ADHD\", \"attention deficit hyperactivity disorder\", \"attention hyperactivity\" in combination with \"miRNA\" or \"microRNA\". A total of 9 studies out of 34 met inclusion criteria. The results provide preliminary information, shedding light on two important aspects. First, it depicts that miRNAs modulate expression of genes (BDNF, DAT1, HTR2C, HTR1B, SNAP-25) linked to ADHD aetiology. Dysregulation of miRNAs affects regulatory mechanisms of aforementioned genes, which may affect neurodevelopmental processes leading to alterations. Secondly, altered peripheral miRNA levels are observed in both ADHD animal model and humans, suggesting a notion of utilizing circulatory miRNA in disease diagnosis. Therefore, deciphering the role of miRNAs in ADHD seems a promising step in understanding its aetiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"10 1","pages":"49-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34986678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of misdiagnosing posture weakness as hyperactivity in ADHD: a case study.","authors":"Carsten Vogt","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0221-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0221-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Difficulties in sustaining posture can present with features associated with hyperactive behaviour listed in DSM-5 and ICD-10 classifications for ADHD. Information from a system measuring motor activity during a neurocognitive test (QbTest), occupational therapist reports and Conners rating scales are compared between cases with and without posture problems. Weakness in sustaining posture results in elevated activity measures during infrared motion analysis. Strong posture on the other hand appears to mitigate activity levels. Posture is an independent factor which requires consideration during the assessment of ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"239-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0221-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34783169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of atomoxetine on attention in Wistar rats treated with the neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4).","authors":"Joachim Hauser,&nbsp;Andreas Reissmann,&nbsp;Thomas-A Sontag,&nbsp;Oliver Tucha,&nbsp;Klaus W Lange","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0225-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0225-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4), which allows a depletion of noradrenergic terminals in a dose-dependent manner, on attention in rats as measured using the five-choice serial-reaction time task (5CSRTT). In addition, we investigated whether the effects of DSP4 treatment can be reversed by atomoxetine. Atomoxetine is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor and has been shown to be effective in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Wistar rats were trained in the 5CSRTT and treated with one of the three doses of DSP4 (10, 20 or 50 mg/kg) or saline. Following DSP4 treatment, rats were injected with three doses of atomoxetine (0.1, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg) or saline and tested in the 5CSRTT. The treatment with DSP4 caused a reduction in activity and a decline of performance in parameters related to attention in the 5CSRTT. Whether or not these impairments are due to attention deficits or changes in explorative behaviour and activity remains to be investigated. The treatment with atomoxetine had no beneficial effect on the rats' performance regardless of the DSP4 treatment. The present findings support the role of noradrenaline in modulating attentional processes and call for future studies regarding the effects of atomoxetine on attention in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0225-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34812743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepotent response inhibition and reaction times in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder from a Caribbean community.","authors":"Giomar Jiménez-Figueroa,&nbsp;Carlos Ardila-Duarte,&nbsp;David A Pineda,&nbsp;Johan E Acosta-López,&nbsp;Martha L Cervantes-Henríquez,&nbsp;Wilmar Pineda-Alhucema,&nbsp;Jeimys Cervantes-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Marisol Quintero-Ibarra,&nbsp;Manuel Sánchez-Rojas,&nbsp;Jorge I Vélez,&nbsp;Pedro J Puentes-Rozo","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0223-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0223-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impairment in inhibitory control has been postulated as an underlying hallmark of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which can be utilized as a quantitative trait for genetic studies. Here, we evaluate whether inhibitory control, measured by simple automatized prepotent response (PR) inhibition variables, is a robust discriminant function for the diagnosis of ADHD in children and can be used as an endophenotype for future genetic studies. One hundred fifty-two school children (30.9% female, 67.8% with ADHD) were recruited. The ADHD checklist was used as the screening tool, whilst the DSM-IV Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview, neurologic interview and neurologic examination, and the WISC III FSIQ test were administered as the gold standard procedure to assert ADHD diagnosis. A Go/No-Go task using a naturalistic and automatized visual signal was administered. A linear multifactor model (MANOVA) was fitted to compare groups including ADHD status, age, and gender as multiple independent factors. Linear discriminant analysis and the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to assess the predictive performance of PR inhibition variables for ADHD diagnosis. We found that four variables of prepotent response reaction time- and prepotent response inhibition established statistically significant differences between children with and without ADHD. Furthermore, these variables generated a strong discriminant function with a total classification capability of 73, 84% specificity, 68% sensitivity, and 90% positive predictive value for ADHD diagnosis, which support reaction times as a candidate endophenotype that could potentially be used in future ADHD genetic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"199-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0223-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34764890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Effects of atomoxetine on attention in Wistar rats treated with the neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4).","authors":"Joachim Hauser,&nbsp;Andreas Reissmann,&nbsp;Thomas-A Sontag,&nbsp;Oliver Tucha,&nbsp;Klaus W Lange","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0235-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0235-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0235-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35172185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of self-mutilative behaviour with history of childhood trauma and adult ADHD symptoms in a sample of inpatients with alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Cuneyt Evren,&nbsp;Gokhan Umut,&nbsp;Bilge Evren","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0228-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0228-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate relationship of self-mutilative behaviour (SMB) with the severity of childhood trauma and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a sample of inpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Participants included 188 inpatients with AUD. Participants were evaluated with the Self-mutilative Behaviour Questionnaire, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) and the Adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale (Adult ADHD Scale). Among inpatients with AUD those who have a history of SMB constituted the SMB group (n = 57, 30.3%), and those without a history of SMB constituted the group without SMB (n = 131, 69.7%). Risk of high ADHD risk was 2.5 times higher among those with SMB. Adult ADHD Scale and CTQ-28 scores were also higher in the group with SMB. In the first backward logistic regression model, the severity of ADHD symptoms predicted the presence of SMB, together with the severity of childhood trauma, whereas in the second model, physical neglect and inattentive (IN) dimension of ADHD predicted the presence of SMB. These findings suggest that the higher severity of physical neglect and adult IN dimension of ADHD may be related to SMB among inpatients with AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0228-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34882762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sedentary behavior in adolescence: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vivien Suchert,&nbsp;Anya Pedersen,&nbsp;Reiner Hanewinkel,&nbsp;Barbara Isensee","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0229-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0229-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing studies reveal that high levels of sedentary behavior are associated with more inattention and hyperactivity problems. Since most previous studies used screen time as an indicator of sedentary behavior and assessed symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by short screening measures which do not allow to distinguish between subtypes of ADHD, the current study aimed to investigate association between different types of sedentary behavior and symptoms and subtypes of ADHD. The current cross-sectional study analyzed data of 913 students (46.1% girls) aged 13-17 years (M = 15.0, SD = 0.6). Using a self-administered questionnaire, screen-based and non-screen-based sedentary behavior and ADHD symptoms were assessed. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted. All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, moderate to vigorous physical activity and body mass index. Screen time was related to the total ADHD score (p < 0.001) as well as to the subscales inattention (p ≤ 0.016) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (p ≤ 0.008). Sedentary time without screens was virtually not associated with ADHD. As far as ADHD symptoms are considered as a correlate of sedentary behavior, the type of activity which is pursued sedentarily seems to matter: screen time, but not other non-screen-based sedentary activities should be considered as being a risk factor for ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 4","pages":"213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0229-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34885939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting patients with ADHD: Missed opportunities?","authors":"Oliver Tucha","doi":"10.1007/s12402-017-0233-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-017-0233-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 2","pages":"69-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-017-0233-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35012026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of sleep quality and quantity in moderating the effectiveness of medication in the treatment of children with ADHD.","authors":"Jessica Morash-Conway,&nbsp;Melissa Gendron,&nbsp;Penny Corkum","doi":"10.1007/s12402-016-0204-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-016-0204-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study examined: (1) whether long-acting stimulant medication is effective in improving performance on measures of memory, attention, and academic productivity; and (2) whether sleep impacts the relationship between medication and performance. Participants were 21 newly diagnosed, medication-naïve children (mean age = 9.1 years) with ADHD, who participated in a 4-week blinded placebo-controlled randomized trial of long-acting MPH. Participants underwent assessments of sleep (i.e., polysomnography) and of cognitive performance. Long-acting stimulant medication was found to be an effective treatment for enhancing alerting attention, executive attention, working memory, and academic productivity, but resulted in poorer sleep. Moreover, sleep duration was found to impact the treatment response to medication, in that longer sleep duration at baseline was related to improved executive attention. These results underscore the importance of evaluating and monitoring sleep when prescribing stimulant medication as a treatment for ADHD in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"9 1","pages":"31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-016-0204-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34656190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in claimed and behavioral self-handicapping and ADHD symptomatology in emerging adults.","authors":"Maryanne Jaconis,&nbsp;Stephen J Boyd,&nbsp;Cynthia M Hartung,&nbsp;Sean M McCrea,&nbsp;Elizabeth K Lefler,&nbsp;Will H Canu","doi":"10.1007/s12402-016-0200-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-016-0200-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the research is clear that boys with ADHD have higher symptomatology and impairment than girls with ADHD, for adults the research is mixed. Some studies suggest no sex differences, whereas others suggest that women might have higher symptomatology and impairment. The present study examined sex differences in ADHD symptomatology and impairment, and the possible role of claimed and behavioral self-handicapping as an explanation for any differences. Claimed self-handicapping (CSH) involves reports of performance-inhibiting conditions, whereas behavioral self-handicapping (BSH) involves reporting more objective, intentional acts that could undermine performance. College students (N = 699) completed an online study. Sex differences were found for hyperactivity such that women reported higher levels, but not for inattention or impairment. The test of the indirect effect of sex through CSH was significant, suggesting that higher levels of CSH in women were associated with elevated ADHD symptoms and impairment. The test of the indirect effect of sex through BSH was also significant, suggesting that higher levels of BSH in men are associated with elevated symptoms of ADHD and impairment. These data extend the literature by suggesting that self-handicapping might at least partially explain differential self-reporting of ADHD symptoms and impairment in emerging adults across the sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"8 4","pages":"205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-016-0200-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34597912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}