The open infectious diseases journal最新文献_第8页

Risk of Infections in Adult Patients with Haematological Malignancies 血液学恶性肿瘤成年患者感染的风险

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-10-02 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010046

M. Nørgaard

引用次数: 16

Risk of Infectious Diseases in Patients with COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病患者感染性疾病的风险

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-10-02 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010052

Laura-Maria Holm Wackerhausen, J. G. Hansen

{"title":"Risk of Infectious Diseases in Patients with COPD","authors":"Laura-Maria Holm Wackerhausen, J. G. Hansen","doi":"10.2174/1874279301206010052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301206010052","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we review data on the risk of infectious diseases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including the efficacy of antibiotics for prevention and treatment of acute COPD exacerbations, with a focus on more recent studies. Studies indicate that immunological mechanisms in COPD are impaired, leading to increased susceptibility to infection. Exacerbations are often infectious in origin (viral and/or bacterial) although pathogens may also be present in the lungs of person with stable COPD. The detailed mechanisms of exacerbations remain under investigation. Despite great variations in design and operational definitions of outcome, studies consistently find that patients with COPD are at an increased risk of respiratory infections. Patients with COPD do not appear to be at an increased risk of infections outside the respiratory system, but only a small number of studies have addressed this. The role of antibiotics in the management of acute exacerbations of COPD is disputed. However, findings from recent studies suggest that antibiotics are effective, although primarily in patients admitted to the hospital, thus representing patients with more severe exacerbations. Still, the question of antibiotic efficacy for different clinically well-defined subgroups of COPD exacerbation as well as the choice of the most appropriate antibiotic for these subgroups is uncertain. Antibiotics may also be efficacious in exacerbation prevention. Recent studies on the efficacy of macrolides for the prevention of COPD exacerbations demonstrated promising results. Nevertheless, questions on the risk-benefit ratio of macrolides, efficacy in subgroups of COPD patients, and long-term effects remain unanswered.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"52-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

10-Years Hospital Experience in Pseudomonas stutzeri and LiteratureReview 史图氏假单胞菌10年住院治疗经验及文献综述

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-08-16 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010021

N. Bisharat, Tatiana Gorlachev, Y. Keness

引用次数: 21

Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Quinolones in Afebrile Neutropenic Patients: Is there Enough Evidence for Mortality Effect? 非发热性中性粒细胞减少患者的喹诺酮类抗生素预防:是否有足够的证据表明死亡率有影响?

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-04-25 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010015

G. Cota, T. Fereguetti, M. R. Sousa

{"title":"Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Quinolones in Afebrile Neutropenic Patients: Is there Enough Evidence for Mortality Effect?","authors":"G. Cota, T. Fereguetti, M. R. Sousa","doi":"10.2174/1874279301206010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301206010015","url":null,"abstract":"Febrile neutropenia causes significant morbidity and mortality in patients receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy. During the last decade, some trials have shown reduction in febrile episodes and bacteraemia with antibiotic prophylaxis. On the other hand, the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria in units practicing quinolones prophylaxis has been described and there is justified concern about the implications of this fact. Recent published guidelines now recommend quinolones prophylaxis for patients with neutropenia expected to last as least 7 days. They are based in a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled or no treatment-controlled trials of quinolone prophylaxis, which demonstrated risk reduction in mortality among drug treated recipients. In contrast, previous meta-analyses and the two major trials with two thirds of the number of patients of the largest meta-analysis failed to show this survival advantage. Using two sensitive tests, Egger's and Trim and Fill methods, we found a \"small study effect\" which acts exaggerating and making the result positive when they are probably neutral. In spite of the considerable number of trials and reviews involving prophylactic antibiotics for neutropenic patients, available evidence is hypothesis generator but not sufficient to state there is mortality benefit.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple Thoracic Hydatidosis: A Case Report 多发性胸椎包虫病1例报告

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-03-20 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010012

M. Mlika, A. Ayadi-Kaddour, F. Mezni

引用次数: 1

Comparison of Macroscopic and Microscopic Assessment of Specimens Collected for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis 肺结核标本的宏观与微观诊断比较

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-02-10 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010001

S. Banu, S. Hossain, M. K. M. Uddin, Toufiq Rahman, R. Khatun, K. Zaman, M. Quaiyum, F. V. Leth

{"title":"Comparison of Macroscopic and Microscopic Assessment of Specimens Collected for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis","authors":"S. Banu, S. Hossain, M. K. M. Uddin, Toufiq Rahman, R. Khatun, K. Zaman, M. Quaiyum, F. V. Leth","doi":"10.2174/1874279301206010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301206010001","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosis of tuberculosis in a field setting depends on the quality of specimens submitted for smear- microscopy. Macroscopic assessment (sputum or saliva) of the specimen for suitability for further examination is common practice in routine care. We examined whether macroscopic assessment could correctly identify sputum specimens based on four published algorithms using microscopic features in the setting of active case finding in a community survey. The study included 901 randomly selected adults who reported cough for 3 weeks or more in the national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Bangladesh. A single specimen of each was assessed with microscopy and microscopy (Gram-stain) to classify it as either sputum or saliva. The primary outcome was the agreement between the two assessment methods (Kappa statistic) From 901 specimens, 561 (62%) were macroscopically classified as saliva and 340 (38%) as sputum. From these, 888 Gram-stained slides could be examined for microscopic features. The agreement between the macroscopic assessment with any of the four microscopy algorithms for sputum was very poor (all Kappa's below 0.1). While macroscopic assessment of submitted specimens might be of value in routine care, it is not warranted in a setting of active case finding in a community survey. Submitting a specimen in the first place should be the primary goal in this setting.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

DETERMINANTS OF CUTANEOUS INJECTION-RELATED INFECTIONS AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS AT AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. 急诊科注射吸毒者中与注射有关的皮肤感染的决定因素。

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301206010005

Elisa Lloyd-Smith, Mark Tyndall, Ruth Zhang, Eric Grafstein, Sam Sheps, Evan Wood, Julio Montaner, Thomas Kerr

{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF CUTANEOUS INJECTION-RELATED INFECTIONS AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS AT AN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT.","authors":"Elisa Lloyd-Smith, Mark Tyndall, Ruth Zhang, Eric Grafstein, Sam Sheps, Evan Wood, Julio Montaner, Thomas Kerr","doi":"10.2174/1874279301206010005","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1874279301206010005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cutaneous injection-related infections (CIRI) are a primary reason injection drug users (IDU) access the emergency department (ED).Methodology: Using Cox proportional hazard regression, we examined predictors of ED use for CIRI, stratified by sex, among 1083 supervised injection facility (SIF) users.Results: Over a four-year period, 289 (27%) visited the ED for CIRI, yielding an incidence density for females of 23.8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.3 - 29.0) and males of 19.2 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 16.7 - 22.1). Factors associated with ED use for CIRI among females included residing in the Downtown Eastside (DTES) (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 2.06 [1.13 - 3.78]) and being referred to hospital by SIF nurses (AHR = 4.48 [2.76 - 7.30]). Among males, requiring assistance with injection (AHR = 1.38 [1.01 - 1.90]), being HIV-positive (AHR = 1.85 [1.34 - 2.55]), and being referred to hospital by SIF nurses (AHR = 2.97 [1.93 - 4.57]) were associated with an increased likelihood of an ED visit for CIRI.Conclusion: These results suggest SIF nurses have facilitated referral of hospital treatment for CIRI, highlighting the need for continued development of efficient and collaborative efforts to reduce the burden of CIRI.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"6 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856908/pdf/nihms493966.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31955648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Foreigners Detected by Stool Examination in Taiwan 台湾外国人粪便检查中发现肠道寄生虫感染

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2011-12-13 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010135

M. Hsieh, Ya-Yun Lin, Yu-Kuei Hsu, Jeng‐Fu Yang, Yu-Chun Hsu, Wu-Cheng Chen, C. Dai, Ming‐Lung Yu, Chi-Kung Ho

{"title":"Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Foreigners Detected by Stool Examination in Taiwan","authors":"M. Hsieh, Ya-Yun Lin, Yu-Kuei Hsu, Jeng‐Fu Yang, Yu-Chun Hsu, Wu-Cheng Chen, C. Dai, Ming‐Lung Yu, Chi-Kung Ho","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010135","url":null,"abstract":"Many foreigners enter Taiwan for the purpose of marriage or study, or as dependants or relatives of Taiwanese citizens. The aim of this study was to investigate the proportions of these immigrants infected with intestinal parasites. A total of 2875 foreigners from 39 countries or regions underwent stool examination in our hospital within the study period, and the merthiolate iodine formaldehyde method was used to diagnose intestinal parasite infections. In total, 214 foreigners (7.4%) were found to be infected, and hookworm was identified as the most prevalent intestinal parasite (2.92%). Infection was most prevalent in the Vietnamese foreigners (46.3%), followed by the Chinese (38.8%), and was more prevalent in females (92.3%) than in males. Among the intestinal parasites identified, hookworm (2.92%), Trichuris trichiura (1.18%), and Blastocystis hominis (1.14%) were the three most prevalent. Infection was most prevalent in the foreign brides group (11.9 %), hookworm and Trichuris trichiura being the two most common species of intestinal parasite in the foreign brides and foreign dependants/relatives of Taiwanese citizens, while the proportion of foreign students infected was lower. Most foreigners enter Taiwan for the purpose of marriage or study, or as dependants/relatives of Taiwanese citizens, and originate from countries or regions in which public health is poorer than in Taiwan. Therefore, close monitoring and examination of these foreigners continue to be indicated.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Imported Dogs as Possible Vehicles of Vibrio Cholerae O1 Causing Cholera Outbreaks in Northern Vietnam 进口狗可能携带导致越南北部霍乱爆发的霍乱弧菌O1

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2011-11-02 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010127

T. C. Ngo, D. T. Nguyen, H. Tran, Hoai Thu Nguyen, Thi Phuong Lan Nguyen, B. M. Nguyen, Nhu DuongTran, T. Yamashiro, K. Morita, Tran Hien Nguyen, M. Ehara

引用次数: 8

Changing Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections: Call for New Strategies Against the Increase in Chlamydia Infection in Sweden 性传播感染流行病学的变化:瑞典衣原体感染增加的新策略的呼吁

The open infectious diseases journal Pub Date : 2011-11-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874279301105010120

B. Christenson, S. Sylvan

{"title":"Changing Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections: Call for New Strategies Against the Increase in Chlamydia Infection in Sweden","authors":"B. Christenson, S. Sylvan","doi":"10.2174/1874279301105010120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874279301105010120","url":null,"abstract":"This descriptive analysis of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is based on data regulated by the Swedish Communicable Disease Act and consists of free testing and treatment, partner tracing and notification. Today, chlamydia is the only STI that affects the general population in Sweden. In the past gonorrhoea and syphilis had an appreciable effect on the general population. However, in the 1990s both of these diseases became rare. HIV has almost exclusively been restricted to three subpopulations (men who have sex with men, injecting drug users and people from HIV endemic countries). The Swedish strategy employed to reduce gonorrhoea and syphilis has been highly successful as demonstrated by a substantial decrease in the incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis in the mid-1990s. A recent slight increase in syphilis and HIV might be due to the introduction of highly active antiviral therapy (HAART) that may have promoted promiscuous behaviour. The present chlamydia strategy, which focuses on opportunistic screening, partner tracing and condom use, has failed despite being one of the world`s most all comprehensive plans. The number of chlamydia cases more than doubled after 1998, and in 2007, the number was the highest ever recorded in Sweden. This noticeable increase in chlamydia cases has important implications and suggests that greater attention should be given to transmission dynamics, including the effects of screening programmes and acquired immunity. Complication and clearance rates after asymptomatic chlamydia infection need to be established, but the most important goal is to encourage behavioural changes in terms of fewer episodes of unprotected sexual intercourse and fewer sexual partners.","PeriodicalId":88330,"journal":{"name":"The open infectious diseases journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68060296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6