Materials Horizons最新文献

{"title":"Covalent organic cage-framework hybrids as functional porous materials.","authors":"Marcos Martínez-Fernández, Barbara Ryabuhina, Tim David, Robert Oestreich, José Ignacio Martínez, Christoph Janiak, Bernd M Schmidt","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01635a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01635a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and porous organic cages (POCs) represent complementary classes of porous materials, but their integration into hierarchical structures remains challenging. Herein, we report the synthesis of the first fully organic Cage@COF hybrid materials <i>via</i> a host-in-host strategy driven by electrostatic interactions. An anionic sulfonate-functionalised COF (NaSO₃COF) was designed to capture a cationic ammonium cage derived from a chiral POC, CC3, from aqueous solution, enabling post-synthetic incorporation through wet impregnation in the bulk framework material. The resulting Cage@COF materials retain crystallinity while exhibiting controlled pore size reduction and modulation of the internal confined chemical environment. Systematic adsorption studies reveal high cage loadings governed by chemisorption and strong host-guest affinity. This structural tuning translates into pronounced molecular sieving effects, leading to suppressed CH₄ uptake and enhanced CO₂ selectivity. Notably, the Cage@NaSO₃COF (1 : 1) composite displays significantly improved CO₂/CH₄ selectivity compared to the parent frameworks, highlighting the synergistic interplay. These findings establish Cage@COF host-in-host systems made from COFs and POCs as a versatile platform for precise pore engineering and advanced gas adsorption in organic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysteresis-encoded material states enable logic-rule programming in hydrogel soft robots.","authors":"Chao Yang, Ting Wang, Hanyu Cui, Lehua Dong, Wenjie Qiao, Yuehan Wang, Xuan Zhang, Jie Kong","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01593j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01593j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogel soft robots are promising platforms for material-level logic because swelling can be transduced into visible motion, hole closure, and mechanical work. However, existing hydrogel logic devices mainly map present environmental inputs to fixed or stimulus-selected outputs; prior stimulus pathways are seldom preserved as material states that program how later inputs are read. Here we introduce hysteresis-encoded material states to enable logic-rule programming in hydrogel soft robots. pH- and temperature-hysteretic domains were integrated with temperature, NaCl, and initial-hole-state readout modules in modular central-hole robots and grippers, functionally separating history writing, current readout, and mechanical output within a reconfigurable soft-material framework. A single pH-written state reprogrammed AND- and OR-accessible windows in both pH-temperature and pH-NaCl maps, establishing rule programming across distinct readout spaces without changing the readout architecture. Coupling pH and thermal memories generated dual-history rule landscapes in which two retained pathways jointly redistributed accessible windows at matched readout coordinates. We further developed two higher-order rule-programming modes: pH-gated thermal memory, which switches temperature from a current readout coordinate to a writable pathway variable, and pH-written initial-hole states, which store chemical history as an initial geometry that biases later temperature-NaCl maps. The programmed maps directed release, retention, and pH-triggered OR-to-AND conversion during cargo manipulation. These results show that hysteresis-encoded material states can determine the rule by which present inputs are interpreted, moving hydrogel logic from environment-selected outputs toward material-embedded rule programming that couples memory, logic-rule selection, and robotic action within the soft body across modular robotic operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A melt-processable 2D Cd-based ferroelectric semiconductor with a promising X-ray response.","authors":"Qiang-Qiang Jia, Chang-Chun Fan, Zheng-Hui Hu, Wen-He Zhong, Cheng-Fang Zhang, Lin-Na Tian, Rui-Si Yu, Li-Zhuang Chen, Jia-Jia Zhao, Chao Shi","doi":"10.1039/d6mh00570e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh00570e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>2D metal halide perovskites integrating ferroelectricity and solution processability are highly sought-after for advanced optoelectronics, yet concurrent realization of these features, particularly for lead-free systems, poses a persistent challenge. Here, we report a solution-grown 2D cadmium perovskite, (CHA)₂CdBr₄ (CHA = cyclohexylammonium), which exhibits robust ferroelectricity, a wide liquid-phase stability window (∼170 K), and attractive semiconductor performance. The broad melting window enables the fabrication of large-area, high-quality thin films <i>via</i> melt processing. Consequently, the single-crystal-based X-ray detector achieves a high sensitivity of 1835 µC Gy_air s^-1 cm^-2 and a detection limit of 2.255 nGy_air s^-1. Our work presents a versatile material platform for low-dose radiation detection and highlights melt-processing as a viable route for flexible device integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Dual-enzyme decorated semiconducting polymer nanoagents for second near-infrared photoactivatable ferroptosis-immunotherapy.","authors":"Yue Liu, Renjie Lu, Meng Li, Danling Cheng, Fengshuo Wang, Xumei Ouyang, Yitian Zhang, Qin Zhang, Jingchao Li, Shaojun Peng","doi":"10.1039/d6mh90112c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh90112c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correction for 'Dual-enzyme decorated semiconducting polymer nanoagents for second near-infrared photoactivatable ferroptosis-immunotherapy' by Yue Liu <i>et al.</i>, <i>Mater. Horiz.</i>, 2024, <b>11</b>, 2406-2419, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3mh01844j.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slurry redox couple thermogalvanic cells with self-sustained stratification and self-replenishment characteristics for efficient body heat harvesting.","authors":"Jun Zhang, Shiwei Zhang, Jili Zheng, Xinyu Zhou, Taochen Cheng, Ken Cheng","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01432a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01432a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional wearable thermogalvanic cells face a core bottleneck: liquid electrolytes leak severely, while quasi-solid ones deliver low power output due to restricted ion transport (typical value <200 mW m^-2), insufficient for practical use. Herein, a thermogalvanic cell based on slurry redox couples composed of micron-sized K_3/4[Fe(CN)₆] crystals and their saturated solution is designed. The as-built system combines high ionic conductivity comparable to liquid electrolytes and superior safety due to suppressed free liquid flow. Its core innovation originates from the synergy of two mechanisms. On one hand, the solid-liquid composite slurry composed of redox-active crystals enables the formation and maintenance of an artificial stratified structure without a separator, thereby significantly enhancing the concentration gradient between the two electrodes. On the other hand, the redox crystals existing in the solid-liquid structure act as a soluble local material reservoir, which can replenish the consumed redox ions to buffer the reaction rate equilibrium for the reactants. At Δ<i>T</i> = 10 K, the single cell achieves an open-circuit voltage of 145 mV and a maximum power density of up to 1180 mW m^-2. This strategy possesses outstanding universality: the FeCl₃/KI slurry system further elevates the power density to 2053 mW m^-2, outperforming reported quasi-solid counterparts by ∼10 times. A stack of six K_3/4[Fe(CN)₆] and six FeCl_2/3 units in series yields a steady 1.8 V driven by human body heat (Δ<i>T</i> = 3 K), enabling continuous operation of a commercial wristwatch. This work develops a novel high-performance, leakage-proof and integrable thermogalvanic system for efficient harvesting of human low-grade waste heat, offering a new route for practical wearable self-powered electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid crystal elastomers by photopolymerization: from chemistry and alignment strategies to 4D printing.","authors":"Rakine Mouhoubi, Min-Hui Li, Vincent Lapinte, Sebastien Blanquer","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01575a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01575a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are materials that combine the anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules with the elasticity of lightly crosslinked polymer networks, making them promising for soft actuators. Photopolymerization has emerged as a key route for the design and implementation of LCEs, thanks to its broad chemical versatility and its compatibility with additive manufacturing, a field that had developed rapidly in recent years. However, this approach has not yet been comprehensively addressed, despite its central role in enabling LCE-based actuators and 4D-printed devices. This review aims to provide a comparative framework showing how chemical design governs material properties and defines compatible alignment strategies. Furthermore, it examines how the coupling between chemical structure and alignment can be integrated within additive manufacturing processes. By linking photopolymerization mechanisms, alignment strategies, and 4D printing processes, this review establishes guidelines for selecting suitable light-based chemistries, and for designing LCE networks with tailored properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology-dependent creep and chemo-mechanical degradation in non-equilibrium CoNi-based superalloys.","authors":"Kunning Niu, Zan Zhang, Ye Shan, Shenglong Wang, Xianshun Wu, Tiannan Zhan, Yongsheng Li","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01678b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01678b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The creep resistance of γ'-strengthened CoNi-based superalloys is governed by the interactions of mechanical fields and localized chemical compositions, while the coupled chemo-mechanical origin and kinetics evolution under the creep stress at high temperature are still unclear. A phase-field crystal-plasticity model is proposed to investigate the morphology-dependent creep of the L1₂-γ'-(Co, Ni)₃Al phase in a newly designed CoNi-based superalloy. The non-equilibrium precipitate is incorporated to capture the microstructural asymmetry. Under 750 MPa stress, the <i>Y</i>-axis loading exhibits an extended creep life 5.3 times that of the <i>X</i>-axis loading, while the <i>X</i>-axis loading accelerates creep rafting instability. The <i>X</i>-axis stress exacerbates the local concentration of equivalent stress at γ matrix channels more than that of the <i>Y</i>-axis; the stress gradient triggers a chemo-mechanical coupling effect, driving the uphill diffusion and resulting in Al depletion and reduced γ' volume fraction. The localized γ' phase dissolution induces the equivalent plastic strain peaks, surpassing the critical threshold for topological inversion and structural degradation. This work quantitatively links localized chemo-mechanical degradation to macroscopic morphology-dependent creep failure, providing critical insights for the microstructural design of next-generation superalloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A parameterized microstructure spanning the bounds of extremal elastic property space.","authors":"Rahul Dev Kundu, Zhi Zhao, Peiyu Zeng, Ole Sigmund, Xiaojia Shelly Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d6mh00953k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6mh00953k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Planar microstructures with extreme elastic properties are two-dimensional architected material structures whose effective behavior is close to theoretical bounds. They are valuable for applications including mechanical cloaking, wave-guiding devices, bio-medical implants, and extreme stiffness-to-mass ratios for light-weighting. Existing single-scale designs are scattered within the theoretical bounds and lack a unified representation that enables continuous and low-dimensional control of their effective properties, requiring case-by-case design generation and limiting their use in applications with smooth spatial variations in target behavior. This study presents one simple parameterized planar microstructure, represented by only seven geometric parameters and their continuous variations, that continuously spans the isotropic elastic property space close to the extreme bounds. The microstructure is inspired by foregoing density-based topology optimization studies. The geometry parameters are first optimized for a small set of points along the elastic property bounds and then interpolated to rapidly generate smoothly varying, near-isotropic microstructures along the bounds. Fabricated prototypes and mechanical testing validate the predicted extreme properties. The presented microstructure parameterization provides fundamental understanding of the geometric origins of extreme elastic behavior across the complete admissible property space. Furthermore, the proposed parametric representation facilitates accelerated design of extreme-property microstructures, enabling smooth property grading for various engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast light-driven carbonization of waste tires into functional carbon supports for high-performance fuel cells.","authors":"Hyeonseong Kim, Minjae Kwon, Eunchae Ma, Yumin Heo, Jihee Han, Woochul Song, Young Jun Lee, Changyeon Lee","doi":"10.1039/d6mh01207h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6mh01207h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The electricity-free conversion of polymer waste into high-value functional materials represents an important step toward sustainable and circular manufacturing. Herein, we demonstrate a light-driven upcycling platform that directly transforms vulcanized waste tires into electrocatalyst supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this process, waste tires form uniform composites with effective light absorbers such as MoS₂ nanosheets, enabling near-infrared (NIR) light or natural sunlight to be converted into localized high-temperature thermal fields. By investigating the fundamental correlation between composite design, microstructure, and carbonization efficiency, we show that waste tires are turned into effective Pt catalyst supports <i>via</i> NIR- and sunlight-driven carbonization. The resulting PEMFCs deliver a maximum power density of 982 mW cm^-2 (NIR) and 1048 mW cm^-2 (natural sunlight), respectively, under H₂/O₂ operation, which are comparable to that of a benchmark Pt/C device (1024 mW cm^-2). These results demonstrate that the light-driven carbonization enables the production of carbon supports with sufficient conductivity, Pt accessibility, and catalyst-layer compatibility for fuel-cell operation. Additionally, sunlight-based photothermal carbonization is accomplished in less than 1 min under ambient conditions, highlighting its potential as an alternative to conventional, energy-intensive, and time-consuming furnace-based carbonization. Ultimately, this light-driven upcycling strategy offers an efficient, self-sustained route for converting polymer waste into functional electrochemical materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":"9681-9692"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired laminar flow control enables the fabrication of highly aligned graphene nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and tribological performance through high-precision digital light processing.","authors":"Hefeng Zhang, Dong Liang, Jigang Feng, Caizhe Xu, Yu Song, Feng Lin, Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1039/d6mh00851h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6mh00851h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inspired by the nacre-like \"brick-and-mortar\" architecture characterized by the orderly arrangement of hard platelets within a soft matrix, this study presents a novel approach to fabricating graphene nanosheet-reinforced composites. These composites feature a highly oriented and uniformly distributed arrangement within a resin matrix, achieved <i>via</i> a high-precision digital light processing (DLP) method. Computational simulations of laminar flow dynamics within graphene nanosheet-reinforced resin were conducted to establish optimal platform control parameters. Mechanical testing results demonstrate significant improvements in both tensile and flexural properties across four different photosensitive resins (MED, RG, BIO, and HTL), with tensile strength increase exceeding 50% in all compositions. In addition, the tribological performance of the resins is significantly enhanced by the incorporation of highly oriented graphene. Notably, the MED resin exhibited excellent tribological performance, with the coefficient of friction (COF) reduced from 0.63 to 0.024 (a 96.2% reduction) and the wear volume decreased by 98.8%, placing this improvement among the leading results reported for carbon-based reinforcement strategies in 3D-printed tribological applications. Furthermore, by employing focused ion beam (FIB) planar ion bombardment to progressively remove the surface resin matrix, the graphene nanosheets originally embedded beneath the surface are exposed, enabling visualization of their spatial distribution. Thus, this approach provides a universal and generalizable methodology for characterizing nanosheet orientation arrangement in reinforced composite materials. The developed nacre-inspired \"brick-and-mortar\" structured composite with integrated strength, toughness, and wear resistance has great promise for applications in high-tech fields such as biomanufacturing, aerospace, and robotics, demonstrating broad application prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":"9553-9569"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}