北京大学学报（医学版）最新文献

{"title":"[Influencing factors of responsive caregiving among infant mothers in Weifang City].","authors":"Z Fu, F Yang, M Zhou, X Li, R Wang, N Cui, J Huang, Y Zhang, H Jiang, Y Guo, H Zhou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the current status of responsive caregiving behavior of infant mothers, to analyze their influencing factors and pathways using the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model, and to provide a basis for further interventions related to responsive caregiving behaviors and comprehensive promotion of early childhood development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information about mothers and their infants, as well as data on mothers' responsive caregiving behavior, knowledge of responsive caregiving, social support, and parenting self-efficacy. Multivariate linear regression models were employed to analyze the influencing factors of responsive caregiving behavior, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the pathways of these influencing factors. The criterion for inadequate responsive caregiving is defined as scores not exceeding the lower quartile (<i>P</i><sub>25</sub>) of the total score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 510 mothers of aged 0-12 months infants in Weifang City, the average score for responsive caregiving behavior was 16.41±3.99. The proportion of inadequate responsive caregiving was 25.7%. Mothers in the insufficient responsive caregiving group had lower scores in knowledge (7.70±1.41), social support (57.92±15.16), and parenting self-efficacy (30.36±6.48) compared with those in the sufficient group, with statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors for responsive caregiving included the level of know-ledge about responsive parenting [adjusted <i>OR</i> (a<i>OR</i>)=0.795, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.566-0.838], social support (a<i>OR</i>=0.979, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.961-0.996), and parenting self-efficacy (a<i>OR</i>=0.894, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.857-0.932). Structural equation modeling revealed that knowledge of responsive caregiving (<i>β</i>=0.089, <i>P</i>=0.031), social support (<i>β</i>=0.153, <i>P</i>=0.001), and parenting self-efficacy (<i>β</i>=0.296, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were directly related to responsive caregiving behavior. Additionally, knowledge of responsive caregiving indirectly affected responsive caregiving behavior through parenting self-efficacy (<i>β</i>=0.095, <i>P</i>=0.014), and social support indirectly affected responsive caregiving behavior through parenting self-efficacy (<i>β</i>=0.497, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current level of responsive caregiving behavior among mothers of 0-1-year-old infants in Weifang City is not satisfactory. Future development of responsive caregiving interventions should focus on providing caregivers with relevant knowledge of responsive caregiving based on their needs. Additionally, it is essential to offer social support from multiple aspects to enhance caregivers' parenting self-efficacy, thereby promoting improv","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"481-486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].","authors":"W Wang, Y Hou, C Li, X Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 318 SLE patients who delivered at Peking University People' s Hospital from May 2016 to September 2021. These patients were categorized into two groups The APOs group (<i>n</i>=85) and the non-APOs group (<i>n</i>=233). Various factors, including disease duration, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2000) scores, were analyzed for their association with APOs. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of SLE patients in this study was (24.65±5.26) years. Among the 318 pregnancies studied, 302 (302/318, 94.97%) resulted in live births, while 16 (16/318, 5.03%) cases ended in stillbirths, with no neonatal deaths reported. Among the live births, 206 (206/302, 68.21%) were full-term infants, 65 (65/302, 21.52%) cases were small for gestational age (SGA), and 31 (31/302, 10.26%) cases were preterm. The SLEDAI-2000 scores were significantly higher in the APOs group compared with the non-APOs group (5.82±4.97 <i>vs.</i> 3.74±3.72, <i>t</i>=4.019, <i>P</i>=0.001), suggesting greater disease activity as a risk factor. Similarly, glucocorticoid doses were markedly higher in the APOs group [12.50 (7.50, 50.00) mg <i>vs.</i> 10.00 (5.00, 15.00) mg, <i>P</i> < 0.001], underscoring the link between disease severity and APOs. Univariate analysis revealed that lupus nephritis (31.76% <i>vs</i>. 21.03%, <i>χ</i>²=3.946, <i>P</i>=0.047), thrombocytopenia (24.71% <i>vs</i>. 9.01%, <i>χ</i>²=13.380, <i>P</i> < 0.001), hypocomplementemia (36.47% <i>vs</i>. 26.03%, <i>χ</i>²=4.847, <i>P</i>=0.028), antiphospholipid antibody positivity (20.00% <i>vs.</i> 11.16%, <i>χ</i>²=4.163, <i>P</i>=0.041), and absence of pregnancy treatment (21.18% <i>vs</i>. 11.59%, <i>χ</i>²=4.713, <i>P</i>=0.030) were associated with increased APOs risk. Multivariate Logistic regression identified thrombocytopenia (<i>OR</i>=2.671, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.309-5.449, <i>P</i>=0.007), hypocomplementemia (<i>OR</i>=1.935, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.104-3.393, <i>P</i>=0.021), and antiphospholipid antibody positivity (<i>OR</i>=2.153, 95%<i>CI</i> 1.054-4.399, <i>P</i>=0.035) as independent predictors of APOs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight that certain clinical and laboratory features, including thrombocytopenia, hypocomplementemia, and antiphospholipid antibody positivity, are critical independent predictors of APOs in SLE patients. The study underscores the importance of close monitoring and proactive management of these risk factors to improve pregnancy outcomes in SLE patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"599-603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Type 2 diabetes patients use E-health to manage disease willingness and influence mechanisms].","authors":"Z Chen, X Zhang, Y Gu, C Chang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To comprehensively investigate how the willingness of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to use E-health technologies, such as the application (APP) or Wechat mini-programs and the underlying influencing factors works for its mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the extended technology acceptance model, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 559 patients with type 2 diabetes from six provinces or municipalities in the eastern, central, and western regions of China from November to December 2024. The survey aimed to investigate the patients' willingness to use APP or Wechat mini-programs and the influencing factors. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients ' willingness to use and to explore the mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 559 patients were surveyed, with an average willingness score of 10.68 (out of a total score of 15). Age and education level were found to be influencing factors of willingness to use, younger age and higher education (high school/college) were significantly associated with stronger willingness to use (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, disease perception, social support, self-efficacy, and external cues were positively correlated with willingness to use, while perceived barriers were negatively correlated (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Structural equation modeling demonstrated direct effects of perceived usefulness (<i>β</i>=0.375, <i>P</i> < 0.001), disease perception (<i>β</i>=-0.240, <i>P</i> < 0.001), self-efficacy (<i>β</i>=0.313, <i>P</i>=0.019), social support (<i>β</i>=-0.336, <i>P</i>=0.042), and external cues (<i>β</i>=0.609, <i>P</i> < 0.001) on willingness to use. Perceived ease of use indirectly influenced willingness through perceived usefulness (total effect=0.374). Self-efficacy affected usage intention partially mediated by disease perception, external cues influenced intention through perceived usefulness, and perceived barriers impacted intention <i>via</i> perceived usefulness, with external cues exhibiting the strongest total effect (<i>β</i>=0.672). All these effects were statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a high willingness to use E-health technologies like APP or Wechat mini-programs, particularly younger individuals and those with high school/college education. Increasing perceived usefulness, self-efficacy, and external promotion can enhance willingness to use. However, higher disease perception and higher social support are associated with decreased willingness to use. Perceived ease of use and self-efficacy can also affect willingness to use through multiple mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"522-528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between maternal periconceptional supplementation of folic acid or multiple micronutrients containing folic acid and perinatal mortality rate].","authors":"C Liu, Z Li, L Jin, C Liu, C Wang, J Zhang, L Jin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the prevalence of perinatal death in Tongzhou District of Beijing, and to estimate the association between maternal periconceptional supplementation of folic acid or multiple micronutrients containing folic acid and perinatal mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the maternal and child care system in Tongzhou District of Beijing. The subjects were 94 490 perinatal who were born during January 2013 to December 2018. The information on perinatal outcomes and maternal periconceptional supplementation of folic acid or multiple micronutrients containing folic acid were collected. The Poisson log-linear model was used to estimate the association between maternal periconceptional folic acid or multiple micronutrients supplementation and perinatal mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall perinatal mortality rate was 2.71‰. The perinatal mortality rates for maternal nutrients supplementation containing folic acid and no supplementation during periconceptional period were 2.63‰ and 3.43‰, respectively, and the difference in rates was not statistically significant [crude risk ratio (<i>cRR</i>) = 0.77, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.54-1.14]. After adjusting for potential confounding factors including ethnicity, age, education level, occupation, household registration, parity, numbers of fetuses, gestational age, pregnant with assisted reproductive technology, delivery year and pre-pregnancy body mass index, the rates remained not statistically significant [adjusted risk ratio (<i>aRR</i>) = 0.93, 95%<i>CI:</i> 0.77-1.13]. The perinatal mortality rates were 2.23‰ and 2.99‰ for pure folic acid and multi-nutrients supplements containing folic acid, respectively, and the difference in rates was statistically significant (<i>cRR</i> = 1.34, 95% <i>CI</i>: 1.02-1.76). The rates difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for potential confounders (<i>aRR</i> = 1.31, 95% <i>CI</i>: 1.06-1.62). Additionally, the perinatal mortality rates differences among the non-supplementation group and the supplementation group with variate timing of initiation (pre-conception or post-conception) or frequency of supplementation (low-frequency or high-frequency) were not statistically significant, regardless of adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overall perinatal mortality rate was lower than the national average level in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Maternal periconceptional supplementation of pure folic acid or micronutrients containing folic acid had no impact on perinatal mortality. The association between maternal periconceptional supplementation of multiple micronutrients containing folic acid and perinatal mortality rate need further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamic distribution and clearance of ^99mTc-DTPA in brain extracellular space].","authors":"J Zou, T Gao, Y Wang, M Ren, D Liu, R Long, Y Cheng, M Liu, Z Xu, Z Xie, P Lv, L Yuan, H Han","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the distribution and clearance of ^99mTc labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (^99mTc-DTPA) in different brain regions of adult rats after administration through brain extracellular space (ECS) pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After the injection of a volume of 2 μL and radioactive activity of about 3.7 MBq (100 μCi) of ^99mTc-DTPA into the caudate nucleus and thalamus of SD rats through stereotactic positioning of rat brain, the single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) for small animals was used for imaging at different time points, and the dyna-mic distribution and clearance of the tracer in the whole body were observed continuously. The SD rats were injected with ^99mTc-DTPA into thalamus and caudate nucleus respectively for biological distribution <i>in vivo</i>. They were put to death 4 h later. Their blood and urine were collected. The brain, cerebellum, heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were taken and weighed by γ counter to measure its radioactivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SPECT/CT imaging results showed that after ^99mTc-DTPA was administered through brain ECS, the radioactivity was concentrated in the brain, kidney and bladder. The tracer administered to the left caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the right cerebellum, while the tracer administered to the right caudate nucleus was preferentially drained to the left cerebellum. There was a phenomenon of \"contralateral cerebellar dominant drainage\" in the caudate nucleus. The thalamic area preferentially drained to the ipsilateral cerebellum after administration. Four hours after administration via ECS, high radioactive uptake appeared in urine, cerebellum and brain, followed by blood and kidney. The radioactive uptake values of heart, liver, spleen and lung were low, which were mainly excreted through urinary system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intracerebral ECS administration is a promising method of administration, but there are significant differences in distribution and clearance in different brain regions. This study further expands the content and significance of \"ECS regions\", and also provides an important theoretical foundation for the treatment of encephalopathy and the research of new drugs through brain ECS in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"562-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence characteristics of autoimmune thyroid disease in women aged 10-59 years in Qingdao City from 2022 to 2024].","authors":"X Chen, J Yang, J Guo, S Li, Z Liu, Y Zhu, F Li, S Zhan, J Guo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the characteristics of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves disease (GD), two autoimmune thyroid diseases aged 10-59 in Qingdao City from 2022 to 2024, and to provide scientific basis for making targeted prevention and treatment measures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study design was adopted, based on the data of the Regional Health Information Platform in Qingdao, the confirmed cases of HT and GD from 2022 to 2024 were included, and combined with the data of the seventh population census, the three-year and annual prevalence rates of HT and GD were calculated, and the time trend of annual prevalence was analyzed by Cochran-Armitage trend test. The distribution characte-ristics of HT and GD prevalence in different age groups and regions were analyzed, and Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The total number of HT patients among women aged 10-59 in Qingdao City from 2022 to 2024 was 40 362. The proportion of HT patients in 30- 34 years old was the highest (19.83%). The proportion of HT patients in Huangdao District was the highest (17.72%). The three-year prevalence of HT was 1 206.53/100 000. In 2022-2024, the annual prevalence of HT increased significantly (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), from 385.32/100 000 in 2022 to 1 206.32/ 100 000 in 2024. The three-year prevalence of HT was significantly different in age distribution (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The three-year prevalence of HT in 25-29 years (2 354.44/100 000) and 35-39 years (2 022.20/100 000) was higher than that in other age groups, showing a bimodal distribution. There were significant differences in the three-year prevalence of HT in different regions (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), among which the three-year prevalence of HT in Shinan District was the highest (2 392.90/100 000), followed by Licang District (1 492.41/100 000), and Laixi City was the lowest (659.940/100 000). The total number of GD patients was 2 095, among which the proportion of GD patients in the 35-39 age group was the highest (15.42%), and the proportion of GD patients from Jimo District was the highest (12.27%). From 2022 to 2024, the three-year prevalence rate of GD was 62.63/100 000, and the annual prevalence rate of GD showed an increasing trend (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), from 20.33/100 000 in 2022 to 62.63/100 000 in 2024. There were significant differences in the prevalence of GD by age (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The three-year prevalence of GD reached the highest value in the 25-29 age group (98.90/100 000), followed by the 35-39 age group (85.21/100 000), and the lowest in the 10-14 age group (14.43/100 000). In the regional distribution, there were significant differences in the 3-year prevalence of GD (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Laoshan District had the highest three-year prevalence of GD (107.58/100 000), followed by Shinan District (97.83/100 000) and Huangdao District (28.92/100 000).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The th","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"507-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Changes of intestinal microflora in patients with colorectal benign and malignant tumors in high altitude area and comparison with the normal population in low altitude area].","authors":"D Han, Y Ciren, Q Li, J Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the changes of intestinal flora in patients with benign and malignant colorectal tumors in high altitude areas and to compare them with the normal population in low altitude areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The clinical data of 61 patients who underwent colonoscopy in the People' s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2022 were collected as the high altitude group. According to the colonoscopy results, they were divided into control group (29 cases), non-adenomatous polyp group (12 cases), adenoma group (10 cases), colorectal cancer group (10 cases). 17 patients who had negative colonoscopy results in the Peking University Third Hospital during the same period were collected as the low altitude control group. Before bowel preparation for colonoscopy, the fecal samples were collected. Then the DNA of bacteria in the fecal samples was extracted. The V3-V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene was PCR amplified and high-throughput sequenced. The species diversity of fecal flora was analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Alpha diversity analysis showed that the species diversity of samples from the high altitude colorectal cancer group differed statistically from that of the high altitude non-adenomatous polyp group and the low altitude control group, and the species diversity of colorectal samples from the high altitude colorectal cancer group was higher than that of the other two groups. While beta diversity showed no significant difference among the five groups. Differences were found in phylum level analysis that the abundance of Actinobacteriota in the low altitude control group was significantly lower than those in each group of the high altitude area, while the abundance of Actinobacteriota in the colorectal cancer group was significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups of the high altitude area. Differences were found in genus level analysis that the abundance of &lt;i&gt;Bacteroides, Phascclarctobacterium&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Lachnoclostridium&lt;/i&gt; in the low altitude control group was significantly higher than those of all the groups in the high altitude area; the abundance of &lt;i&gt;Blautia&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Collinsella&lt;/i&gt; in the high altitude control group was the highest. &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; was not detected in the low altitude control group, while there was a highly significant difference (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) in the level of &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; in the four groups of high altitude area, and the abundance of &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; was significantly higher in the control group than those of the other three groups. In the four groups of samples at high altitude, the abundance of &lt;i&gt;Bifidobacterium&lt;/i&gt; decreased significantly, while the abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group increased significantly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with the high and low altitude controls, the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in patients with colorectal benign and malignant tumors at high altitu","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"578-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Distribution of respiratory pathogens in patients with pneumonia in Yinzhou, Ningbo, 2015-2024].","authors":"Z Yang, S Li, X Li, P Shen, Y Sun, H Lin, Z Jiang, S Zhan, Z Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To describe the epidemiological characteristics of 22 common respiratory pathogens in patients with pneumonia in Yinzhou, Ningbo, from January 1, 2015 to December 21, 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The test data of 22 common respiratory pathogens in patients diagnosed with pneumonia or lung infection in the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform from January 1, 2015 to December 21, 2024 were collected. The positive cases, positive rates, and positive proportions were calculated. The epidemiological characteristics were described by the year, sex, age group, season, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 77 531 pneumonia patients were included, with 492 696 respiratory pathogen tests performed. The number of respiratory pathogen tests and positive cases of pneumonia patients in Yinzhou showed an upward trend. In the study, 34.63% of the pneumonia patients tested positive for at least one pathogen, and the pathogen non-detection rate decreased from 79.44% in 2015 to 58.38% in 2024. The overall pathogen positive rate was 9.12%, which decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic and had not returned to the historical level after the COVID-19 pande- mic. The positive rate was highest in children aged 6-17 years (13.99%), and lowest in the elderly over 60 years (4.16%). The top 3 highest number of positive cases was &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt;, influenza A virus, and influenza B virus; the top 3 highest positive rates of pathogen tests were &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; (25.26%), rhinovirus (12.02%), and &lt;i&gt;Bordetella pertussis&lt;/i&gt; (11.66%). The pathogen spectrum proportion in men was similar to that in women, only showing a higher ratio of &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; and a slightly lower ratio of &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt;, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus infections were more common in children, while influenza virus, &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Streptococcus pyogenes&lt;/i&gt; infections were more common in adults and the elderly (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Influenza virus and human metapneumovirus infections were more common in winter, rhinovirus and &lt;i&gt;Bordetella pertussis&lt;/i&gt; infections were more common in spring, and &lt;i&gt;Mycoplasma pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; infections were relatively more common in fall (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). After the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportions of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus infections in the pneumonia patients increased signi-ficantly, reaching 7.53%, 4.26%, and 2.25%, respectively, while the proportions of influenza B virus and &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt; infections decreased to 4.14% and 2.80%, respectively (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In the past decade, the scale of respiratory pathogen infection in the pneumonia population in Yinzhou had expanded significantly, and there were differences in dist","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"496-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Correlation between streptococcal infection and renal damage in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis].","authors":"Ziwei Wang, Min Li, Hui Gao, Fang Deng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore whether streptococcal infection may aggravate renal damage in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and its possible mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the study, 485 children diagnosed with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis from July 2015 to December 2019 were selected to analyze their clinical data retrospectively. According to the diagnosis of discharge, whether it was combined with streptococcal infection, the children were divided into two groups. The experimental group contained 91 children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis combined with streptococcal infection, and there were 394 children who were not infected with <i>Streptococcus</i> in the control group. Suitable test items were preliminarily selected through artificial neural network, and then data analysis was performed through SPSS 23.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis infected with streptococcus had statistically significant differences compared with the uninfected children in the test items of urine protein, liver and kidney function, immunoglobulin and complement. Anti-streptolysin O had mild correlation with IgG (Spearman <i>r</i>=-0.328), fibrin degradation products (Spearman <i>r</i>=-0.207), total protein (Spearman <i>r</i>=-0.202) and globulin (Spearman <i>r</i>=-0.223). Compared with the children who were not infected with streptococcus, the differences of the average levels of age (<i>P</i>=0.001), IgG (<i>P</i> < 0.001), fibrin degradation products (<i>P</i>=0.019), total protein (<i>P</i> < 0.001), globulin (<i>P</i> < 0.001), IgA (<i>P</i> < 0.001), IgM (<i>P</i>=0.003), complement 3 (<i>P</i>=0.016), complement 4 (<i>P</i>=0.002), albumin/globulin ratio (<i>P</i>=0.007), alkaline phosphatase (<i>P</i>=0.036), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (<i>P</i>=0.039) in the infected children were statistically significant. In order to explore the risk factors of kidney damage in the children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, Logistic regression was performed using anti-streptolysin O, age, immunoglobulin and complement as independent variables, urine protein detection parameters, liver and kidney functions as dependent variables. Age ≤10 years old and hypocomplementemia might be risk factors for aggravating renal damage in the children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Streptococcal infections may aggravate renal damage in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, in which hypocomplementemia, inflammation, fibrinolysis and disorders of coagulation perhaps play an important role. Children with streptococcal infection should be treated with anti-infective treatment in time and necessarily, and followed up after discharge regularly.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 2","pages":"284-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of two methods of smear layer removal on the surface properties of dentin].","authors":"Lingli Zhu, Lin Tang, Bowen Li, Mei Wang, Yuhua Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effects of two methods of smear layer removal on the surface properties of dentin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty extracted sound third molars were collected in this study, and were prepared as uniform dentin specimens with smear layer. All specimens were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, ultrasonic treatment (UT) group and etched treatment (ET) group. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to observe the surface micromorphology of all three groups. Then, the surface elements, mineral phases and functional groups were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and flourier transformed infrared spectrometer (FTIR) respectively. The mechanical properties, hydrophilicity and biocompatibility were also further evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was revealed that dentin tubules of UT and ET groups were exposed, but lots of dentin debris piled up on the surface of the control one which covered up dentin tubules on the surface. The EDX results should that the weaker peak value of calcium and phosphorus in ET group than control and UT groups. Characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite could be seen by XRD in all of the three groups, but lower distinctive peaks of amide Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ bands of collagen of the dentin surface in control group than in ET and UT groups. The microhardness results showed that ET group was lower than control and UT groups, the difference was significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Better hydrophilicity of ET group was investigated (<i>P</i> < 0.05) than control group and UT group. Cells could be observed to adhere normally to dentin surface of each group which meant that all of the three groups had good biocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both UT and ET could effectively remove the smear layer on the surface of dentin and had no adverse effect of the dentin micromorphology and biocompatibility. The ultrasonic removal of the smear layer did not influence the mineral structure, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of dentin surface. Although ET can effectively improve the hydrophilicity of dentin but decreased mechanical properties and the content of calcium and phosphorus.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 2","pages":"340-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}