北京大学学报（医学版）最新文献

{"title":"[Identifying genetic etiology of ischemic stroke based on pleiotropy of obesity related genes: A sibling study].","authors":"K Wang, H Wang, H Yu, R Yang, L Zheng, J Wu, X Qin, T Wu, D Chen, Y Wu, Y Hu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify genetic etiology of ischemic stroke (IS) based on pleiotropy of obesity related genes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A discordant sib-pair study was designed based on the Fangshan family cohort in Beijing. Body mass index (BMI) polygenic risk score (PRS) was first constructed under different <i>P</i> values. Using the polygenic transmission disequilibrium test (pTDT), we then compared the actual BMI genetic risk of siblings with IS to their expected risk, to analyze whether higher BMI was over-transmitted to siblings with IS. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that comprised the PRS over-transmitted with IS and that corresponded to the highest heritability of IS were identified as a pleiotropy SNPs set between BMI and IS. This set was then utilized as a candidate set to identify and verify risk SNPs asso-ciated IS by transmission disequilibrium test. Finally, we identified independent genomic risk loci and mapped to genes, we then explored the biological function of the identified risk loci and genes by functional annotation and pathway enrichment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 541 participants were enrolled, with an average age of (58.4±8.1) years, including 326 discordant sib pairs of ischemic stroke. Compared with non-IS participants, IS participants with males, education level below junior high school, hypertension and hyperlipidemia accounted for a higher proportion (<i>P</i> < 0.05). For all the BMI PRS, we found that the actual genetic risk of BMI in siblings with IS was higher than their expectation, suggesting that genetic risk associated with high BMI was over-transmitted with IS. Compared with other SNP sets, the set (<i>P</i> < 5×10^-4) corresponded to the best analytical statistics of pTDT and the highest heritability of IS and was identified as the pleiotropy SNP set between BMI and IS. Within this set, there were 45 SNPs having linkage and association with IS, which were located in 43 independent genomic risk loci and mapped to 40 genes. These genes were significantly enriched in the lipid metabolism pathway. The rs2232852 corrected by multiple tests was mapped to <i>CYB5R1</i> and <i>ADIPOR1</i>, which were related to lipid metabolism and the ferroptosis pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pleiotropy between BMI-related genes and IS was observed. Forty-five SNPs were found with linkage and association with IS in the pleiotropy gene set and mapped to 40 genes, which were functionally enriched in lipid metabolic pathways. The rs2232852 corrected by multiple tests during association analysis validation was mapped to <i>CYB5R1</i> and <i>ADIPOR1</i>, which were related to lipid metabolism and the ferroptosis pathway, suggesting that lipid metabolism and ferroptosis played an important role in the development of IS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"448-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Policy objectives and tools for the construction of Chinese Medical Consortium: A quantitative study based on policy texts].","authors":"B Li, Y Bao, X Feng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study conducts a text analysis of the policy documents related to Medical Consortium issued at the national level, identify the structural characteristics and utilization of Chinese Medical Consortium policy instruments, evaluate their alignment with policy objectives, uncover the structural contradictions in policy design, and provide a basis for optimizing the Medical Consortium system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study systematically searched national-level Medical Consortium policy documents from the PKU Law Database, CNKI Government Document Database using keyword like Medical Consortium. A two-dimensional \"policy instrument-policy objective\" analytical framework was constructed based on policy instrument theory to quantitatively analyze the frequency, distribution characteristics, and interactive relationships between policy instruments and objectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 50 national-level Me-dical Consortium policy documents from 2009 to 2024 were included, with 56% issued solely by single departments. The policy text analysis results showed that the government could use diverse policy instruments to achieve objectives, but the structural imbalances existed, environmental policy instruments accounted for the highest proportion (46.48%), mainly focusing on institutional safeguards (27.27%) and organizational governance (22.73%), with minimal focus on public awareness guidance (6.82%). Supply-side policy instruments (38.38%) overly relied on IT infrastructure development (24.77%) and rational allocation of medical resources (24.77%), with insufficient attention to workforce capacity building (9.17%) and financial input (4.59%). Demand-side policy instruments constituted only 15.14%, dominated by health insurance payment (37.21%) and pilot program promotion (32.56%), while market-oriented instruments such as service outsourcing (9.30%) were rarely used. Interaction analysis revealed that policy instruments were concentrated on enhancing primary care service capacity but provided inadequate support for optimizing allocation of medical resources, which indicated a misalignment between policy instruments and policy objective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chinese Medical Consortium policies exhibit weak interdepartmental coordination and structural imbalances, characterized by excessive reliance on environmental and supply-side instruments, underuse of demand-side tools, and internal misalignment within instrument categories. And policy instruments and objectives are not well matched. To address these issues, future policy formulation should strengthen cross-departmental collaboration, diversify policy instruments, optimize their internal structures, and improve the alignment between instruments and objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"417-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNA to predict the clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer after radiotherapy].","authors":"Q Xu, T Liu, J Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To construct a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) model based on ferroptosis and predict the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after radiotherapy, to develop a comprehensive framework that integrates genomic data with clinical outcomes, and to identify lncRNA associated with ferroptosis and evaluate their predictive power for patient survival and progression-free survival following radiotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study commenced by acquiring standardized transcriptome data from primary tumors and normal tissues, along with corresponding clinical information, from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. This dataset provided a robust foundation for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ferroptosis. These analyses helped pinpoint specific pathways and biological processes involved in ferroptosis, such as glutathione metabolism, lipid signaling, oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to construct a predictive model based on lncRNA associated with ferroptosis. The goal was to differentiate between the high-risk and low-risk groups of NSCLC patients who had undergone radiotherapy. By incorporating these lncRNA into the model, we aimed to provide a more accurate prediction of patient outcomes. The performance of the model was validated by comparing the survival rates and progression-free survival between the high-risk and low-risk groups. Additionally, differences in gene expression patterns and pathway activities between these two groups were examined to further validate the model's effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes related to ferroptosis were significantly enriched in several key pathways, including ferroptosis itself, glutathione metabolism, lipid signaling, and processes involving oxidative stress and ROS metabolism. Based on these findings, we constructed a prognostic model using 14 lncRNA that showed strong associations with ferroptosis. Further data analysis demonstrated that these lncRNA could independently predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients after radiotherapy. Specifically, age, stage, and gender were used as clinical pathological variables, and the results indicated that the high-risk group of NSCLC patients had a poorer prognosis following radiotherapy. This finding underscores the potential of the model to serve as a valuable tool for predicting prognosis for NSCLC patients undergoing radiotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The risk model developed in this study can independently predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients after radiotherapy. This model provides a solid basis for understanding the role of ferroptosis-related lncRNA in the prognosis of NSCLC patients following radiotherapy. Furthermore, it offers clinical guidance for combining radiotherapy with fe","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"569-577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A randomized controlled trial of weight management based on mobile health techno-logy among overweight or obese pregnant women].","authors":"P Li, H Wang, X Gao, Y Han, H Wang, H Wang, Y Mu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the effect of lifestyle interventions based on mobile health technology on gestational weight gain among overweight or obese pregnant women, to explore the influencing factors of the intervention effect, and to provide scientific evidence for weight management during pregnancy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was used. From April 2024 to August 2024, 200 singleton overweight or obese pregnant women aged 18-40 years in early pregnancy were recruited and stratified block-randomized according to body mass index (BMI) categories, age, and parity. The control group received routine prenatal care, while the intervention group received lifestyle interventions based on mobile health technology, which included biweekly face-to-face or telephone sessions; weekly recording of dietary behavior goals with personalized feedback on WeChat public account; 6 000 steps per day and 150 minutes of brisk walking per week; and weekly weight recording with personalized feedback. Based on the intention-to-treat principle, generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the effects on weight gain and weight gain rate up to 24-28 gestational weeks, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and dietary and physical activity behaviors. Additionally, subgroup analysis and interaction analysis were conducted to explore whether intervention effects on weight gain varied by different maternal characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The mean age of the women in the intervention and control groups was (30.49± 3.99) years and (29.83±3.95) years, respectively, with gestational weeks at enrollment being (11.35±1.61) weeks and (11.26±1.52) weeks. No statistically significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics between the two groups (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). In the study, 10 and 12 participants were lost to the follow-up in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with 178 women completing the midterm follow-up. At the midterm follow-up (24-28 weeks), the weight gain in the intervention and control groups was (5.00±3.72) kg and (6.57±4.28) kg, respectively. After adjusting for age, parity, gravidity, region, pre-pregnancy BMI categories, and socioeconomic status, the between-group difference was -1.63 kg (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: -2.80 to -0.46; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.007). The adjusted between-group difference in weight gain rate was -0.07 kg/week (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: -0.11 to -0.02; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.005). Compared with the control group, the intervention group had lower fasting blood glucose at the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) by 0.19 mmol/L (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.04 to 0.33; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.013). No significant difference was observed in GDM incidence between the two groups. Among different subgroups based on characteristics, such as age, region, socioeconomic status, and parity, there was no statistically significant dif-ference in the effect on weight gain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The life","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"465-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Associations of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiometabolic risk factor abnormalities with adverse pregnancy outcomes].","authors":"S Yang, Y Li, H Cui, Y Wang, Y Wu, M Wang, Y Yang, N Enkar, L Yang, H Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and to analyze the impact of the type and severity of cardiometabolic risk factor (CMRF) abnormalities on this association.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cohort study was conducted among primiparous women with singleton pregnancies who had registered at Beijing Friendship Hospital from March 10, 2020, to December 31, 2022. A total of 2 623 women were included. Basic characteristics and delivery outcomes were documented, liver ultrasound and relevant prenatal examinations were performed, and adverse pregnancy outcomes were diagnosed. Modified Poisson regression models were used to analyze the association between MASLD and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The relationship between the type or severity of CMRF abnormalities in MASLD and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes was also explored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After adjusting for confounding factors including age, gestational weight gain, and education level, MASLD was associated with an increased risk of cesarean section (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.531, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.304-1.799, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM; &lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=2.409, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.948-2.979, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), pregnancy-associated hypertension (PAH; &lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=3.062, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 2.069-4.533, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), preterm birth (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=2.145, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.342-3.429, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.001), and large for gestational age (LGA; 2.224, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.599-3.095, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). However, no significant associations were found for small for gestational age or postpartum hemorrhage. After adjusting for other CMRF abnormalities, the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes varied among MASLD pregnant women with different CMRF abnormalities: the body mass index abnormal group had higher risks of cesarean section, GDM, PAH, preterm birth, and LGA; the glucose abnormal group had an increased risk of GDM; the blood pressure abnormal group had a higher risk of PAH; the high density lipoprotein cholesterol abnormal group had higher risks of cesarean section, GDM, and PAH; and the triglyceride abnormal group was associated with higher risks of GDM and preterm birth. Additional, as the severity of CMRF abnormalities increased, the risks of cesarean section (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.199, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.112-1.292, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), GDM (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.478, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.345-1.624, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), PAH (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.626, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.367-1.934, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), preterm birth (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.384, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.120-1.710, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.003), and LGA (&lt;i&gt;RR&lt;/i&gt;=1.422, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.224-1.650, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) continued to rise.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;MASLD during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the type and severity of CMRF abnormalities significantly influence this association. These result","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"487-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Disease burden and future trend predictions of age-related hearing loss in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021].","authors":"A Anargul, Y Song, X Yan, Y Gao, B Liu, G Hu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To describe the trend of changes in the disease burden of age-related hearing loss in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, to forecast the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) rates of age-related hearing loss from 2022 to 2036, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of the disease burden associated with age-related hearing loss.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD2021) data, this study selected age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and YLD as indicators. The disease burden and long-term trends of age-related hearing loss in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 were described by different socio-demographic index (SDI) and gender. Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) to assess the trend changes in the disease burden. Decomposition analysis was applied to explore the relative impacts of aging, population growth, and epidemiological changes on the variation in disease burden. An autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to forecast the age-standardized pre-valence rate and YLD rates from 2022 to 2036.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence of age-related hearing loss in China in 2021 was 82 162.49 (73 288.08-89 187.21) per 100 000, higher than the global SDI level of 66 238.16 (59 982.54-72 669.82) per 100 000, the high SDI region ' s level of 57 650.42 (52 059.12-63 889.02) per 100 000, the upper-middle SDI region ' s level of 69 115.59 (62 494.18- 75 340.64) per 100 000, the middle SDI region ' s level of 72 365.56 (65 181.43-78 912.01) per 100 000, the lower-middle SDI region ' s level of 64 439.66 (58 368.22-71 468.27) per 100 000, and the low SDI region ' s level of 61 725.25 (55 749.18-68 477.67) per 100 000. The age- related hearing loss YLD rate in China was 2 762.98 [95% uncertainty interval (&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;): 1 855.28-3 880.68] per 100 000, higher than the global SDI level of 2 236.75 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 511.56-3 155.88) per 100 000, the high SDI region ' s level of 1 805.79 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 212.69-2 577.17) per 100 000, the upper-middle SDI region ' s level of 2 316.58 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 557.53-3 274.87) per 100 000, the middle SDI region ' s level of 2 480.99 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 678.17-3 489.24) per 100 000, the lower-middle SDI region ' s level of 2 313.28 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 578.35-3 271.50) per 100 000, and the low SDI region ' s level of 2 383.55 (95%&lt;i&gt;UI&lt;/i&gt;: 1 623.66-3 365.68) per 100 000. From 1990 to 2021, both the prevalence and YLD rate of age-related hearing loss in China showed an increasing trend, rising by an average of 0.18% (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.16%-0.19%) and 0.29% (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.27%-0.30%) per year, respectively. The rates of increase in prevalence were the same for both men and women, with men showing a 0.18% increase (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.17%-0.19%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and women showing a 0.18% increase (95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.16%-0.19%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). However, the Y","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"545-553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years in ten provinces of China].","authors":"M Tang, Y Liu, R Qin, X Guo, H Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years in ten provinces or municipalities (hereinafter referred to as province) of China, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of myopia, and the allocation of related health resources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Convenience sampling was used to select preschool children aged 5-6 years from 21 cities in 10 provinces (including 8 provinces and 2 municipalities) in China. Cycloplegic autorefraction was conducted. The distribution of myopia and pre-myopia was described using frequencies and percentages. The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia between regions with different varying economic development levels and between boys and girls, with a significance level of α=0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 926 preschool children aged 5-6 years were surveyed. The myopia prevalence was 5.5%, and the overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia was 43.4%. Boys had higher rates of myopia and overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia than girls (5.7% <i>vs.</i> 5.2%, 46.4% <i>vs.</i> 40.1%), though the difference in myopia prevalence was not statistically significant. Stratified analysis by the province, there was no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of myopia between boys and girls in any province (<i>P</i>>0.05), but in 8 provinces, the prevalence of myopia in boys was slightly higher than in girls. The overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia in boys was higher than in girls across all the 10 provinces, with 5 provinces showing statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The investigated areas were divided into two categories, relatively more-developed areas and relatively less-developed areas, based on per capita gross domestic product (GDP). In 6 provinces, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of myopia between the two categories of areas. In 2 provinces, the prevalence was higher in relatively more-developed areas, and in 2 provinces, it was higher in relatively less-developed areas. In 4 provinces, there was no statistically significant difference in the overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia between the two categories of areas with relatively more-developed and relatively less-developed areas. In 3 provinces, the prevalence was higher in relatively more-developed areas, and in 3 provinces, it was higher in relatively less-developed areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia among preschool children aged 5-6 years is relatively high. Boys show higher overall prevalence of myopia and pre-myopia than girls, but there is no significant difference in the prevalence of myopia. There is no consistent association between the level of economic development and the incidence of myopia and pre-myopia in each province.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"442-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Establishment of outcome indicators for the implementation of comprehensive intervention for multimorbidity of myopia and obesity among children and adolescents based on the RE-AIM framework].","authors":"Y Zhang, S Cai, Z Chen, Y Liu, J Dang, D Shi, J Li, T Huang, Y Song","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop outcome indicators for the implementation of comprehensive interventions targeting the multimorbidity of myopia and obesity in children and adolescents, providing a basis for the co-prevention of multimorbidity and the outcome measurement of implementation research in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the RE-AIM framework, a preliminary set of indicators was constructed. The Delphi method was employed, with experts scoring and providing feedback on the proposed indicators <i>via</i> questionnaires. After each round of consultation, expert enthusiasm index, authority coefficient, coordination degree, and consensus level were calculated. Expert opinions were collected and analyzed to modify, delete, or add indicators based on consultation results and screening criteria. Two Delphi rounds were conducted until consensus was achieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 experts participated actually in both rounds. The Kendall' s <i>W</i> coefficients for the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.352 (<i>χ</i>²=413.952, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and 0.499 (<i>χ</i>²=405.044, <i>P</i> < 0.001), both statistically significant. The final outcome indicators for implementation research on comprehensive interventions for myopia and obesity comorbidity in children and adolescents included five primary dimensions with 13 secondary and 20 tertiary indicators. The dimension of reach included the number of children and adolescents involved, participant representativeness, and full-course participation representativeness. The dimension of effectiveness included multimorbidity incidence, myopia incidence, spherical equivalent, body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity prevalence, waist-to-height ratio, comprehensive health knowledge score, and comprehensive health behavior score. The dimension of adoption covered school representativeness and representativeness of school nurses and teachers involved in implementation. The dimension of implementation included fidelity, content modification, and cost. The dimension of maintenance included individual health outcomes and organizational sustainment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study developed implementation outcome indicators for comprehensive interventions targeting multimorbidity of myopia and obesity among the children and adolescents based on the RE-AIM framework. These indicators can serve as a reference for optimizing intervention research strategies related to common multimorbidity among children and adolescents in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"436-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ipsilateral femoral neck fracture after fixation of intertrochanteric fracture by InterTAN intramedullary nail: A case report].","authors":"T Ning, L Pan, Y Ye, Y Cao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hip fractures are common in elderly patients and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, often referred to as the \"last fracture of life\". These fractures frequently result in a loss of functional independence. Evidence suggests that early surgical intervention can reduce mortality. The selection of treatment modality should take into account factors such as the type of fracture, the patient' s age, and overall health status. This case report discusses an 88-year-old female patient who sustained an unstable intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur following a fall. She underwent closed reduction and internal fixation using an InterTAN intramedullary nail, resulting in a satisfactory postoperative recovery. Sixteen months following the surgical procedure, the patient presented with progressive pain in the left hip and ambulatory difficulties, absent from any evident trauma. Radiographic analysis identified a fracture of the left femoral neck accompanied by some degree of acetabular bone degradation attributable to the implant. Subsequently, the patient underwent removal of the internal fixation device and received a hemiarthroplasty. The postoperative course was uneventful, with marked improvements in both pain levels and functional capacity. This case underscored the intricate nature of femoral neck fractures following the internal fixation of intertrochanteric fractures. Contributing factors may include advanced age, osteoporosis, and stress shielding induced by the implant. In patients presenting with hip pain or gait disturbances months to years post-intertrochanteric fracture surgery, the potential for a new fracture should be consi- dered, even in the absence of an explicit traumatic incident. Radiographic imaging is imperative to exclude the presence of a fracture, particularly in individuals with high-risk factors such as advanced age, osteoporosis, alcohol abuse, and a history of hormone therapy. Management of such cases may necessitate the removal of internal fixation devices and the implementation of hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty, contingent upon the patient ' s surgical tolerance. Crucially, anti-osteoporosis therapy serves as a vital preventive strategy. Considering the high-risk profile of elderly patients with hip fractures, diligent follow-up and timely intervention are paramount to mitigating complications and mortality, thereby enhancing the quality of life for these patients. This case highlights the critical need for increased vigilance and comprehensive management of elderly patients with hip fractures to enhance treatment outcomes and improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"610-613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological investigation of asthenopia and dry eye among visual display terminal workers].","authors":"L Yang, X Jin, W Huang, L He, J Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the prevalence of asthenopia and dry eye, and to further explore the potential occupational hazard factors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for their prevention and control.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the selected respondents. For visual display terminal (VDT) workers in employing organizations such as banks, colleges, and government departments, an online questionnaire independently developed by the research group was used for population surveys. Information including general information, work-related situations, work environment, visual health, and ergonomic factors was collected. The respondents were analyzed according to whether they suffered from asthenopia and dry eye. Relevant factors of asthenopia and dry eye were screened through &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test and Chi-square test. Subsequently, binary Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the risk factors of asthenopia and dry eye among the VDT workers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The overall prevalence of asthenopia was 52.5% (235/448) and dry eye was 36.8% (165/448). There were no significant diffe-rences in the prevalence of asthenopia and dry eye among different genders, age groups, and groups of length of service in VDT work. However, the highest prevalence of dry eye was observed in underweight individuals (42.9%), followed by normal weight (40.6%), overweight (28.0%), and obese indivi-duals (17.4%). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of dry eye among different body mass index (BMI) groups (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=9.505, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.023). The lowest prevalence of asthenopia was observed among securities industry employees (22.6%), while higher rates were found in employees in companies (59.5%) and other employing organizations (68.8%). A significant difference in the prevalence of asthenopia among different employing organizations (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=14.832, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.022). The result of Logistic regression showed that a longer length of service in VDT work (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.006, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), a longer duration of VDT after working hours (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.002, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.032), a too-bright monitor (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=2.875, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.022), glare during work (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.500, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.038), a louder noise in work environment (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.586, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.012), work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=4.366, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and other factors were independent risk factors of asthenopia, while wearing frame glasses (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=0.452, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.037) was an independent protective factor. Glare during work (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=2.198, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), WMSDs (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=2.226, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.001) and other factors were independent risk factors of dry eye, while overweight (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=0.448, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.006), obesity (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=0.228, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.032) were independent protective factors of dry eye.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence of asthenopia and dry eye among V","PeriodicalId":8790,"journal":{"name":"北京大学学报（医学版）","volume":"57 3","pages":"554-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}