Biochar最新文献

{"title":"Valorising lignocellulosic biomass to high-performance electrocatalysts via anaerobic digestion pretreatment","authors":"Juntao Yang, Songbiao Tang, Wenjie Mei, Yiquan Chen, Weiming Yi, Pengmei Lv, Gaixiu Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00311-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00311-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anaerobic digestion (AD) was initially evaluated as a potential preprocessing method for preparing biomass-based carbon electrocatalysts in this study. The AD pretreatment succeeded in the structural depolymerization and nitrogen enrichment of <i>Hybrid Pennisetum</i>, which provided favorable conditions to achieve efficient and homogeneous nitrogen introduction due to microorganism community enrichment and provided a porous structure by degradation of the biodegradable components. The resulted biochar exhibited improved physiochemical properties including higher specific surface areas, nitrogen content and graphitization degree than that obtained from pyrolyzing raw biomass. These improvements were positively correlated with the AD time and showed to have enhanced the performance in oxygen reduction reaction and practical microbial fuel cell applications. Amongst the investigated samples, the obtained biochar pretreated by AD for 15 days exhibited the most excellent performance with an onset potential of 0.17 V (VS. saturated calomel electrode) and the maximal power density of 543.2 mW cm⁻² assembled in microbial fuel cells. This study suggested applying AD as a new biological pretreatment in the preparation of biomass-based electrocatalysts, and provided a unique pathway for fabricating high-performance biochar-based catalysts by structure optimization and N-containing active sites construction via gentle biological method, thereby providing a cost-effective method to fabricate metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"301 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140125489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignin-impregnated biochar assisted with microwave irradiation for CO2 capture: adsorption performance and mechanism","authors":"Xueyang Zhang, Haoliang Xu, Wei Xiang, Xinxiu You, Huantao Dai, Bin Gao","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00310-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00310-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bamboo biochar was modified by lignin impregnation and microwave irradiation to enhance its performance for CO₂ capture. The pore structure of lignin-impregnated biochar was significantly affected by the impregnation ratio. The maximum specific surface area of 377.32 m² g⁻¹ and micropore volume of 0.163 cm³ g⁻¹ were observed on the biochar with an impregnation ratio of 1:20 (mass ratio of lignin to biochar). Lignin impregnation increased the CO₂ adsorption capacity of biochar up to 134.46 mg g⁻¹. Correlation analysis confirmed the crucial role of biochar’s pore structure in adsorption. The Avrami model fitted the CO₂ capture curves well. The calculation of adsorption activation energy suggested that the adsorption process was dominated by physical mechanism assisted with partial chemical mechanism. Meanwhile, Langmuir isotherm analysis indicated that lignin impregnation transformed the larger pores of biochar into more uniform micropores, thereby making the adsorption process closer to monolayer adsorption. Both the high reusability (89.79–99.06%) after 10 successive cycles and the excellent CO₂ selectivity in competitive adsorption confirmed that lignin-impregnated biochar is an outstanding adsorbent for CO₂ capture.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140074004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar affects compressive strength of Portland cement composites: a meta-analysis","authors":"Zhihao Zhao, Ali El-Naggar, Johnson Kau, Chris Olson, Douglas Tomlinson, Scott X. Chang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00309-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00309-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One strategy to reduce CO₂ emissions from cement production is to reduce the amount of Portland cement produced by replacing it with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Biochar is a potential SCM that is an eco-friendly and stable porous pyrolytic material. However, the effects of biochar addition on the performances of Portland cement composites are not fully understood. This meta-analysis investigated the impact of biochar addition on the 7- and 28-day compressive strength of Portland cement composites based on 606 paired observations. Biochar feedstock type, pyrolysis conditions, pre-treatments and modifications, biochar dosage, and curing type all influenced the compressive strength of Portland cement composites. Biochars obtained from plant-based feedstocks (except rice and hardwood) improved the 28-day compressive strength of Portland cement composites by 3–13%. Biochars produced at pyrolysis temperatures higher than 450 °C, with a heating rate of around 10 C min^-1, increased the 28-day compressive strength more effectively. Furthermore, the addition of biochar with small particle sizes increased the compressive strength of Portland cement composites by 2–7% compared to those without biochar addition. Biochar dosage of &lt; 2.5% of the binder weight enhanced both compressive strengths, and common curing methods maintained the effect of biochar addition. However, when mixing the cement, adding fine and coarse aggregates such as sand and gravel affects the concrete and mortar's compressive strength, diminishing the effect of biochar addition and making the biochar effect nonsignificant. We concluded that appropriate biochar addition could maintain or enhance the mechanical performance of Portland cement composites, and future research should explore the mechanisms of biochar effects on the performance of cement composites.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140045759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variable frequency microwave induced CO2 Boudouard reaction over biochar","authors":"Jurong Ren, Jianchun Jiang, Jia Wang, Xiangzhou Yuan, Ao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00297-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00297-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Boudouard reaction presents promising application prospects as a straightforward and efficient method for CO₂ conversion. However, its advancement is hindered primarily by elevated activation energy and a diminished conversion rate. This study employed a microwave reactor with a variable frequency as the initial approach to catalyze the CO₂ Boudouard reaction over biochar, with the primary objective of producing renewable CO. The study systematically investigated the influence of various variables, including the heating source, microwave frequency, microwave power, gas hourly space velocity (GHSV), and carrier gas, on the conversion of CO₂ and the selectivity towards CO. The experimental findings indicate that under static conditions, with a fixed microwave frequency set at 2450 MHz and 100 W microwave power, the Boudouard reaction did not initiate. Conversely, a CO₂ conversion rate of 8.8% was achieved when utilizing a microwave frequency of 4225 MHz. Under this unique frequency, further elevating the microwave power to 275 W leads to the complete conversion of CO₂. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between microwave and electrical heating revealed that the CO production rate was 37.7 μmol kJ⁻¹ for microwave heating, in stark contrast to the considerably lower rate of 0.2 μmol kJ⁻¹ observed for electric heating. Following the reaction, the biochar retained its robust 3D skeleton structure and abundant pore configuration. Notably, the dielectric constant increased by a factor of 1.8 compared to its initial state, rendering it a promising microwave-absorbing material.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar-mediated remediation of uranium-contaminated soils: evidence, mechanisms, and perspectives","authors":"Fengyu Huang, Faqin Dong, Li Chen, Yi Zeng, Lei Zhou, Shiyong Sun, Zhe Wang, Jinlong Lai, Linchuan Fang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00308-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00308-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil contamination by uranium presents a burgeoning global environmental concern, exerting detrimental effects on both agricultural production and soil health. Biochar, a carbonaceous material derived from biomass pyrolysis, exhibits considerable potential for remediating uranium-contaminated soils. However, a comprehensive review of the effects of biochar on the fate and accumulation of uranium in soil–plant systems remains conspicuously absent. In this paper, uranium sources and contamination are reviewed, and the impact of biochar on uranium immobilization and detoxification in soil–plant systems is analyzed. We reviewed the status of uranium contamination in soils globally and found that mining activities are currently the main sources. Further meta-analysis revealed that biochar addition significantly reduced the soil uranium bioavailability and shoot uranium accumulation, and their effect value is 58.9% (40.8–76.8%) and 39.7% (15.7–63.8%), respectively. Additionally, biochar enhances the soil microenvironment, providing favourable conditions for promoting plant growth and reducing uranium mobility. We focused on the mechanisms governing the interaction between biochar and uranium, emphasising the considerable roles played by surface complexation, reduction, ion exchange, and physical adsorption. The modification of biochar by intensifying these mechanisms can promote uranium immobilisation in soils. Finally, biochar alleviates oxidative stress and reduces uranium accumulation in plant tissues, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of uranium on plant growth and development. Overall, our review highlights the capacity of biochar to remediate uranium contamination in soil–plant systems through diverse mechanisms, providing valuable insights for sustainable environmental remediation.</p><p><b>Highlights</b></p><ul>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Biochar reduces uranium mobility through a variety of mechanisms, including surface complexation, reduction, ion exchange, and physical adsorption.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Biochar significantly reduces uranium bioavailability in soil and limits its accumulation in plants.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Modified biochar has been shown to enhance its effectiveness in immobilising uranium.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>Biochar application to soil not only promotes uranium remediation but also improves soil quality.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000</ul><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140008883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biochar on soil microbial community, dissipation and uptake of chlorpyrifos and atrazine","authors":"Raghvendra Pratap Singh, Ranu Yadav, Versha Pandey, Anupama Singh, Mayank Singh, Karuna Shanker, Puja Khare","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00306-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00306-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For the application of biochar in restoring pesticide-contaminated soils and minimizing the risk associated with their uptake in plants, it is crucial to understand the biochar impact on soil biological activities and dissipation and accumulation of pesticides in plant and soil systems. In this study, the effect of <i>Mentha</i>-distilled waste-derived biochar was investigated on chlorpyrifos and atrazine contaminated sandy loam soil. The four application rates of atrazine (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg kg⁻¹) and chlorpyrifos (2, 4, 6_, and 12 mg kg⁻¹) and a single application rate of biochar (4%) were used in this study. The degradation of pesticides, the diversity of the bacterial community, and enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase, arylsulfatase, phenol oxidase, urease activity and <i>N</i>-acetyl glucosaminidase) were examined in soil. The uptake of two pesticides and their effect on growth and stress parameters were also investigated in plants (<i>A. paniculata</i>). The dissipation of chlorpyrifos and atrazine followed simple first-order kinetics with a half-life of 6.6–74.6 and 21–145 days, respectively. The presence of deisopropyl atrazine desethyl atrazine (metabolites of atrazine) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (a metabolite of chlorpyrifos) was observed in soil and plant tissues. Biochar application significantly (<i>p </i>= 0.001) enhanced the degradation rate of chlorpyrifos and atrazine leading to the lower half-life of chlorpyrifos and atrazine in soil. A significant reduction (<i>p</i> = 0.001) in the uptake of chlorpyrifos and atrazine and alteration in their binding affinity and uptake rate in plant tissues was observed in biochar treatments. The incorporation of biochar improved chlorpyrifos/atrazine degrader and plant growth-promoting bacterial genera such as <i>Balneimonas</i>, <i>Kaistobacter</i>, <i>Rubrobacter</i>, <i>Ammoniphilus</i>, and <i>Bacillus.</i> The upregulation of functional genes associated with nucleotide, energy, carbohydrate, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotic biodegradation, and metabolism: atrazine degradation was observed in biochar treatments. The biochar amendments significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.001) reduced the plant’s uptake velocity (Vmax) and affinity (Km) of chlorpyrifos and atrazine. These results delineated that Mentha-distilled waste-derived biochar can potentially remediate chlorpyrifos and atrazine contaminated soils and ensure the safety of plants for consumption.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140008688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel intelligent system based on machine learning for hydrochar multi-target prediction from the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00303-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00303-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical conversion technology to produce hydrochar from wet biomass without drying, but it is time-consuming and expensive to experimentally determine the optimal HTC operational conditions of specific biomass to produce desired hydrochar. Therefore, a machine learning (ML) approach was used to predict and optimize hydrochar properties. Specifically, biochemical components (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) of biomass were predicted and analyzed first via elementary composition. Then, accurate single-biomass (no mixture) based ML multi-target models (average <em>R</em>² = 0.93 and RMSE = 2.36) were built to predict and optimize the hydrochar properties (yield, elemental composition, elemental atomic ratio, and higher heating value). Biomass composition (elemental and biochemical), proximate analyses, and HTC conditions were inputs herein. Interpretation of the model results showed that ash, temperature, and the N and C content of biomass were the most critical factors affecting the hydrochar properties, and that the relative importance of biochemical composition (25%) for the hydrochar was higher than that of operating conditions (19%). Finally, an intelligent system was constructed based on a multi-target model, verified by applying it to predict the atomic ratios (N/C, O/C, and H/C). It could also be extended to optimize hydrochar production from the HTC of single-biomass samples with experimental validation and to predict hydrochar from the co-HTC of mixed biomass samples reported in the literature. This study advances the field by integrating predictive modeling, intelligent systems, and mechanistic insights, offering a holistic approach to the precise control and optimization of hydrochar production through HTC.</p> <span> <h3>Graphical Abstract</h3> <p> <span> <span> <img alt=\"\" src=\"https://static-content.springer.com/image/MediaObjects/42773_2024_303_Figa_HTML.png\"/> </span> </span></p> </span>","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140008444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial mechanisms of organic matter mineralization induced by straw in biochar-amended paddy soil","authors":"Qi Liu, Cuiyan Wu, Liang Wei, Shuang Wang, Yangwu Deng, Wenli Ling, Wu Xiang, Yakov Kuzyakov, Zhenke Zhu, Tida Ge","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00312-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00312-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Combined straw and straw-derived biochar input is commonly applied by farmland management in low-fertility soils. Although straw return increases soil organic matter (SOM) contents, it also primes SOM mineralization. The mechanisms by which active microorganisms mineralize SOM and the underlying factors remain unclear for such soils. To address these issues, paddy soil was amended with ¹³C-labeled straw, with and without biochar (BC) or ferrihydrite (Fh), and incubated for 70 days under flooded conditions. Compound-specific ¹³C analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (¹³C-PLFAs) allowed us to identify active microbial communities utilizing the ¹³C-labeled straw and specific groups involved in SOM mineralization. Cumulative SOM mineralization increased by 61% and 27% in soils amended with Straw + BC and Straw + Fh + BC, respectively, compared to that with straw only. The total PLFA content was independent of the straw and biochar input. However, ¹³C-PLFAs contents increased by 35–82% after biochar addition, reflecting accelerated microbial turnover. Compared to that in soils without biochar addition, those with biochar had an altered microbial community composition-increased amounts of ¹³C-labeled gram-positive bacteria (¹³C-Gram +) and fungi, which were the main active microorganisms mineralizing SOM. Microbial reproduction and growth were susceptible to nutrient availability. ¹³C-Gram + and ¹³C-fungi increased with Olsen P but decreased with dissolved organic carbon and <span>({text{NO}}_{3}^{ - })</span> contents. In conclusion, biochar acts as an electron shuttle, stimulates iron reduction, and releases organic carbon from soil minerals, which in turn increases SOM mineralization. Gram + and fungi were involved in straw decomposition in response to biochar application and responsible for SOM mineralization.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140008579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentials of emergent plant residue derived biochar to be alternative carbon-based phosphorus fertilizer by Fe(II)/Fe(III) magnetic modification","authors":"Hongjuan Xin, Jiao Yang, Yuanyuan Lu, Hekang Xiao, Haitao Wang, Kamel M. Eltohamy, Xueqi Zhu, Chunlong Liu, Yunying Fang, Ye Ye, Xinqiang Liang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00300-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00300-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emergent plants have been remarkably effective in reducing phosphorus (P) discharge from ecological ditches; however, the treatment and recycling of these residues is a great challenge. In this study, magnetic biochars (MB_s, i.e., MB-<i>A</i>, MB-<i>C</i>, and MB-<i>T</i>) were fabricated from three emergent plant residues (<i>Acorus calamus</i> L., <i>Canna indica</i> L., and <i>Thalia dealbata</i> Fraser, respectively) and modified with Fe(II)/Fe(III). Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the successful loading of Fe₃O₄ and FeO(OH) onto the surfaces of the MB_s. Batch adsorption experiments showed that MB_s exhibited a higher P adsorption capacity than that of the raw biochars. Within the range of 0.8–43.0 mg L⁻¹ in solution, the adsorption capacities of P by MB-<i>A</i>, MB-<i>C</i>, and MB-<i>T</i> were 304.6–5658.8, 314.9–6845.6, and 292.8–5590.0 mg kg⁻¹, with adsorption efficiencies of 95.2–32.9%, 98.4–39.8%, and 91.5–32.5%, respectively. The primary mechanisms that caused P to adsorb onto the MB_s were inner-sphere complexation and electrostatic attraction. Low pH conditions were more beneficial for the P adsorption of the MB_s, while co-existing anions had a negative impact with the following order: HCO₃⁻ &gt; SO₄²⁻ &gt; Cl⁻≈NO₃⁻. The P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance results further demonstrated that the main adsorbed P species on the MB_s was orthophosphate, followed by orthophosphate monoesters and DNA. Overall, MB_s offer a resource utilization strategy for emergent plant residues and P-laden MB_s are promising alternative P fertilizers.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar application regulating soil inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon content in cropland in the Central Europe: a seven-year field study","authors":"Narges Hematimatin, Dušan Igaz, Elena Aydın, Ján Horák","doi":"10.1007/s42773-024-00307-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-024-00307-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar incorporation into soil has shown potential, in enhancing nitrogen fertilizer (N-fertilizer) efficacy and soil organic carbon content (SOC). This study addresses a critical gap in the literature by investigating the effects of biochar addition over a seven-year period (2014–2020) on inorganic N, SOC, and pH in Haplic Luvisol. The research involved a rain-fed field experiment, with a crop rotation comprising spring barley, maize, spring wheat, and pea. Biochar, applied at the rates of 0, 10, and 20 t ha⁻¹ in 2014, was reapplied to specific plots in 2018. Biochar was also combined with N-fertilizer at three level (N0, N1, and N2). Results showed a significant interactive influence of biochar and N-fertilizer combination on NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ contents. Intriguingly, the addition of 10 t biochar ha⁻¹ consistently decreased soil inorganic N levels across most of the examined months. Increasing biochar application rates led to a significant rise in pH, establishing a clear, negative correlation between soil pH and inorganic N content. Biochar significantly increased SOC compared to the control, particularly after the reapplication in 2018. However, this effect showed a diminishing trend over time. The study suggests that incorporating biochar treatments may enhance N-fertilizer effectiveness. However, the long-term implications of biochar application with N-fertilizer on N mineralization are specific to individual soil and biochar combinations. Except the application of 20 t ha⁻¹ biochar at N2 in 2019, biochar did not affect the crop yields. Studied soil properties, including those influenced by biochar had nuanced impact on different aspects of crop yield.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139928008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}