Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika最新文献

{"title":"Temporal Assessment of Crop Protection Agents in Water Bodies of Haryana Districts","authors":"S. Mishra, M.K. Singh, M.K. Saini, S. Alam, L.K. Thakur, I. Mukherjee, J. Kumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap607","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study was conducted to quantify the presence of crop protection agents in 233 water samples collected from water bodies situated in cities of Panipat, Karnal, Rohtak, Sonipat and Hisar districts of Haryana, India. Water samples were collected during different seasons the year for the period from 2014-2018. Methods: The samples were processed by liquid- liquid partitioning method and quantified by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. The water samples were screened for 55 pesticides. Result: Estimation of the residues revealed that 23.5 and 6.6% of pesticides were detected in 68 and 165 monsoon and winter samples, respectively. Chlorpyrifos, pretilachlor, butachlor and lambda cyhalothrin were predominantly present in all the water samples analyzed. Chorpyrifos detected in water samples from Karnal were above standard limit prescribed by EPA 8081and8141 but some samples were below UAS Health advisory life time value.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compositional Analysis of Four Varieties of Rice-Chevally, Njavara, D1 and Bhadra","authors":"Neethu Ravikumar, K. Anooja Thomas","doi":"10.18805/bkap514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap514","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rice is the most important and extensively grown food crop in the world in terms of food, area and production. It is a staple food which serves for nearly half of the world’s seven billion people (IRRI, 2013). Rice constitutes high percentage of carbs with substantial amount of proteins, fat, fibre, mineral and vitamins. Methods: Composition and nutritional content of rice varies with varieties and especially processing method. The objective of the present investigation titled “Compositional Analysis of Four Varieties of Rice-Cheruvally, Njavara, D1 and Bhadra” was to compare the proximate composition and total amylose-amylopectin content of rice cultivars selected. Total Amylose content, amylopectin content and amylose-amylopectin ratio was estimated spectrophotometrically at 620 nm. Among the proximate composition analysis, percentage of carbohydrate, crude protein, ash, moisture and fat were determined using AOAC standard method. Result: In the present investigation the results of the proximate composition and the amylose content of all the four rice varieties indicated significant difference in all the parameters assessed. It is understood that the rice samples selected for the study belongs to high amylose variety with amylose-amylopectin ratio falling between 0.35-0.45. In summary, the study on the proximate composition and amylose content of rice cultivars has revealed some vital information and these generated results will find their way in determining their suitability in food and other relevant industries.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Agricultural Waste Through Conventional Technologies for the Treatment of Industrial Effluents: A Review","authors":"M. Monica, R. Jayasree, J. Irine Briny Hepzibha","doi":"10.18805/bkap647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap647","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural waste products are commonly distributed and they are inexpensive and biodegradable. This review focuses on various agro wastes used in the treatment of industrial wastewater. As heavy metals are considered as a global threat affecting biological lives, ways to remove them from waste water are challenging. Various conventional methods are used in recent times for the removal of heavy metals from industrial waste water. Agricultural waste is a good resource for the adsorption of the dyes generated during industrial processing. The adsorption process serves as an alternative method to treat wastewater. The study provides the steps followed in various industries and explains the steps in which the toxic heavy metals find their way to the environment. This review focuses on the comprehensive ways of utilization agro wastes as good treatment material which are also eco-friendly. The review suggests how agro wastes form a potential, effective, affordable and sustainable sorbent biomaterial for minimizing environmental pollution. Agricultural waste products are commonly distributed and they are inexpensive and biodegradable. This review focuses on various agro wastes used in the treatment of industrial wastewater. As heavy metals are considered as a global threat affecting biological lives, ways to remove them from waste water are challenging. Various conventional methods are used in recent times for the removal of heavy metals from industrial waste water. Agricultural waste is a good resource for the adsorption of the dyes generated during industrial processing. The adsorption process serves as an alternative method to treat wastewater. The study provides the steps followed in various industries and explains the steps in which the toxic heavy metals find their way to the environment. This review focuses on the comprehensive ways of utilization agro wastes as good treatment material which are also eco-friendly. The review suggests how agro wastes form a potential, effective, affordable and sustainable sorbent biomaterial for minimizing environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Method of Constructing p-rep Designs","authors":"L.N. Vinaykumar, Cini Varghese, Seema Jaggi, Eldho Varghese, Mohd Harun, Sayantani Karmakar, Devendra Kumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap561","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early generation breeding trials (EGBTs) are very important in plant breeding programmes. In most cases, a large number of breeding lines are to be tested, often with very few available resources and it is also required to repeat these trials in a number of environments. For such trials, an alternative is to use partially replicated designs, where a proportion of the test lines are replicated at each environment. Methods: Here, a general method of constructing a series of efficient partially replicated designs for EGBTs in equal block sizes, through initial blocks is developed. Result: Taking all environments together, the designs obtained are equi-replicate and are partially balanced. They are cost effective in terms of resources as they require lesser replications.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Agricultural Production and Productivity in Banavaram Village of Vellore District of Tamil Nadu","authors":"V. Senthilvelan, A. Sugantha","doi":"10.18805/bkap495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap495","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on agricultural production and productivity in Tamil Nadu. A total of 147 farmers was surveyed in Banavaram village of Vellore district (93% male; 28% 30-39 years old; 38% literates). About one in ten farmers (10%) did not harvest in the past month with primary reasons cited being unfavorable weather (36%) and lockdown-related reasons (26%). A total of 65% of farmers harvested in the past month (primarily paddy and vegetables), but only 45% had sold their crop; 13% were still trying to sell their crop and 38% had stored their crop, with more than half (55%) reporting lockdown-related issues as the reason for storing. Seventy-nine per cent of households with wage-workers witnessed a decline in wages in the past month and 49% of households with incomes from livestock witnessed a decline. Nearly all farmers reported less productivity (97%). These values are much lower than reported previously for farmers in Banavaram village around this time of year before COVID-19. In conclusion, we found that the COVID-19 lockdown in India has primarily impacted farmers’ ability to produce their crops and livestock products which directly affect their day-to-day activity and standard of living.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomics and Its Tools and Softwares","authors":"Jyotika Bhati, Ratna Prabha, Dwijesh Chandra Mishra","doi":"10.18805/bkap637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap637","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Throughout all of nature, microorganisms can be found thriving in a variety of environmental circumstances. Most marine life is either unculturable or challenging to culture using conventional techniques. Methods: Through the analysis of genomic data obtained directly from an environmental sample, metagenomics enables the study of all microorganisms, regardless of whether they can be cultured or not. This allows for the identification of the species present as well as the extraction of knowledge about the functionality of microbial communities in their natural habitat. Result: This article summarizes the state-of-the-art metagenomic approaches used and their associated softwares and tools. In order to comprehend and utilise unculturable microorganisms, metagenomics provides access to the enormous diversity of the microbial world and has significantly advanced both academic communities and industrial settings.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135244247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Summary and Analysis of ‘Domestic Trade Frictions and Agriculture’ Research Paper: A Review","authors":"Tryson Yangailo","doi":"10.18805/bkap618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assessed the research study carried out by Sebastian Sotelo which is entitled ‘Domestic Trade Frictions and Agriculture’. This paper summarized and analysed the process, steps and approach Sotelo utilised to formulate his model to investigate the association among trade, productivity as well as the welfare in the Peruvian agriculture sector. The paper reviews Sotelo’s paper entitled ‘Domestic Trade Frictions and Agriculture’ by first summarising and then analysing his study. The review finds that Sotelo’s model is academic and not applicable in real life. The weaknesses and gaps identified in Sotelo’s study are highlighted and include: the assumption that agricultural inputs are all imported from other foreign countries which is not the case in some developing countries; the utilisation of quantitative method and secondary data; the reliance on the estimates; the use of data that is outdated in some cases; the utilisation of the condemned trade cost (iceberg) formula; the assumption that all farmers are homo economicus which most recent studies have proved to be wrong and; application and adoption of constant return to scale which economists have condemned. This paper concludes and recommends that future studies should take advantage of the identified weaknesses and gaps this paper has identified and then explore further to cover the gaps by employing different research methods.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136309234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Growth and Development of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Seedlings: The Impact of Fruit Maturation on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Biomass Partitioning","authors":"R. Tetteh, Victor Nketiah, Jennifer Obirih-Opareh, A. Ibrahim, D. A. Kotey","doi":"10.18805/bkap632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap632","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is one of the most important tropical commercial fruits widely cultivated in south-east Asia, Australia, South America, and African countries due to its nutritional value. However, in Ghana the fruit is gaining popularity in many households and, this could serve as an alternative source of income. The experiment was conducted at the CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Eastern region-Ghana. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of maturity stages on Rambutan seed vigour, germination, seedling growth and biomass partitioning. Methods: Fruits of three maturity stages (i.e. green, half-ripe and fully ripe) were harvested from the field genebank and seeds extracted and sown immediately after harvest. The experiment was arranged in a randomised complete block design in three replicates. Results: The results showed that fully ripe fruits had better seed vigour, seedling growth and biomass partitioning followed by the half-ripe fruits. Fruits harvested at the green stage showed the least performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77201869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimum Support Price under the Aegis of Universal Basic Income: Understanding the Implications and Way Forward: A Review","authors":"A. Balkrishna, V. Arya, Sumit Kumar Singh","doi":"10.18805/bkap640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap640","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, the Indian government has established a minimum support price (MSP) program for agricultural commodities to alleviate farmers’ price risks. Concerns have been expressed regarding the MSP approach, which can potentially disrupt market integration of agricultural commodities, change pricing incentives and alter the resource allocation and production among commodities. This review article addresses the current situation of agricultural commodity support pricing, how it can be more successful and whether it can be guaranteed. Following the Indian government’s decision to repeal the three agricultural legislations, it has become increasingly clear that the MSP system needs a significant revision and that a change in discourse is must. MSP poses serious ramifications for soil health and water levels, particularly in rainfed regions that are quickly being converted to irrigated areas. A course correction is required, beginning with the demand and supply balance, while protecting farmers’ interests through remunerative prices and assistance as and when needed. In addition to the use of data-driven technologies for the digitization of land records, issuing unique farm IDs and cropping system analysis, the necessity of pricing differential schemes in India has been explored.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78661272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Dairy Industry- An Identify of India’s Self-reliant: A Review","authors":"A. Ramani, Rajesh Deshmukh, R. Seth, Kamal Gandhi, Rajan Sharma","doi":"10.18805/bkap625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap625","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy industry is a self-reliant India’s identity. The dairy sector in India has come a long way since the days of the White Revolution launched by late Prime Minister Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1965. The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was established in 1965 to implement the Operation Flood program which aimed to make India self-sufficient in milk production. Today, India is the world’s largest milk producer, with milk production of about 221.06 million tonnes in 2021-2022. The dairy industry in India is not only an important source of income for millions of farmers and rural households, but it also plays a vital role in the country’s economy. It contributes to more than 4% of the country’s GDP and provides employment opportunities to millions of people, both directly and indirectly. The dairy sector in India also plays a critical role in ensuring food security for a large population and provides a source of animal protein for a large vegetarian population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88543477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}