Julian Felix Maria Hebborn, Ben Eric Merten, Thomas Paululat, Heiko Ihmels
{"title":"Get a better glimpse on sequential photoreactions of trisnorbornadienes with <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectroscopy.","authors":"Julian Felix Maria Hebborn, Ben Eric Merten, Thomas Paululat, Heiko Ihmels","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.38","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is shown exemplarily with a trifluorinated trisnorbornadienylbenzene that <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectroscopy may be applied as a useful complementary method for the investigation of sequential photoreactions. The trisnorbornadiene core structure was used as it figures as promising scaffold for molecular solar thermal (MOST) energy storage. The target compound was readily synthesized by a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction and examined with respect to the key properties for MOST applications. Upon direct or photosensitized irradiation, the trisnorbornadiene was transformed stepwise and almost quantitatively into the corresponding trisquadricyclane. Even though the reaction can be monitored by photometry or by in situ <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy, unambiguous assignment of the distinct intermediate mono- and bisquadricyclanes was not possible because of signal overlap. In contrast, this shortcoming is circumvented with in situ <sup>19</sup>F NMR-spectroscopic analysis. Contrary to the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra, the <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectra show significantly fewer characteristic and sufficiently separated signals that allow the unambiguous identification of all photoproducts and, thus, their detection in the course of the photoreaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13040267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modern synthetic pathways towards eribulin and its subunits.","authors":"Sebastian Dominik Graf","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.37","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eribulin is a synthetic analog of halichondrin B, a natural product derived from marine sponges, and has gained significant importance in oncology (as its commercial mesylate salt, Halaven) due to its unique mechanism of action as a microtubule dynamics inhibitor. It is primarily used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and liposarcoma, offering a new therapeutic option for patients with advanced disease. To meet the increasing clinical demand, the research on new synthetic approaches is rigorously ongoing. Recent procedures mainly focus on more efficient and scalable techniques for the assembly of the 4 key fragments of eribulin. But also new pathways for the total synthesis have emerged in the last decade. In this review the latest advancements towards the construction of eribulin are summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"495-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Karnib, Rana Baydoun, Wissam Zaidan, Nancy AlHaddad, Omar El Samad, Bilal Nsouli, Francine Cazier-Dennin, Pierre-Edouard Danjou
{"title":"Synthesis and uranyl(VI) extraction performance of a calix[4]pyrrole-tetrahydroxamic acid receptor.","authors":"Sara Karnib, Rana Baydoun, Wissam Zaidan, Nancy AlHaddad, Omar El Samad, Bilal Nsouli, Francine Cazier-Dennin, Pierre-Edouard Danjou","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.36","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination of water by uranium poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health, creating a need for efficient and selective remediation strategies. Supramolecular materials, with their pre-organized structures, offer a promising route for uranium removal. Phenoxycalix[4]pyrroles (PCP) are well-known supramolecular scaffolds capable of selective metal binding, making them attractive candidates for designing uranium extractants. Here, we report the design and synthesis of PCP HA, a phenoxycalix[4]pyrrole scaffold functionalized with four hydroxamic acid (HA) groups, and evaluate its uranium(VI) extraction potential. PCP HA was synthesized from its ester precursor (PCP E) via hydroxyaminolysis using KOH, achieving a 95% yield. Its structure was confirmed by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, and HRMS. The uranium(VI) extraction efficiency of PCP HA was evaluated by solid-liquid extraction experiments, using uranyl acetate as the uranium source, with measurements performed by gamma spectroscopy. PCP HA demonstrated good performance, removing up to 95% of uranyl(VI) from aqueous solutions (1 mM) at acidic pH, likely due to the strong coordination provided by its hydroxamic acid groups. Further studies revealed that the extraction efficiency also depends on the ligand-to-metal molar ratio. These findings establish PCP HA as a promising supramolecular material for the removal of uranyl from aqueous media.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"486-494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wiktoria A Pytel, John W R Schwabe, James T Hodgkinson
{"title":"Synthesis of a HDAC inhibitor-nanogold probe for cryo-EM visualization in class I HDAC co-repressor complexes.","authors":"Wiktoria A Pytel, John W R Schwabe, James T Hodgkinson","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.35","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs 1-3) serve as catalytic subunits within seven multiprotein co-repressor complexes, each of which has distinct functions in the cell. We report the synthesis of a HDAC inhibitor-nanogold probe, derived from the class I HDAC inhibitor CI-994, for cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) visualization of the HDAC catalytic domain within class I HDAC co-repressor complexes. The nanogold probe retained HDAC inhibitory activity comparable to CI-994 against the HDAC1-LSD1-CoREST complex in vitro. In cryo-EM studies, 2D class averages revealed the bi-lobed architecture of the CoREST complex and partial localization of the gold nanoparticle probe to the CoREST complex. However, the probe was not observed in classes showing the side-view of the CoREST complex, limiting unambiguous identification and positioning of the HDAC catalytic domain within the CoREST complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"480-485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in the stereoselective synthesis of distal biaxially chiral molecules.","authors":"Fanxing Zhou, Chen Zhang, Lingyu Sun, Yiyun Fang, Siming Zheng, Lina Hu, Mengyang Shen, Zhen Zhao, Wei Xu, Yunqiang Sun, Zi-Qiang Rong","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.34","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecules bearing 1,3-dual axial and more distal axial chiralities are widely applied in chiral ligands, natural products, and anticancer agents, with their unique spatial configurations endowing them with distinctive functions and values. Although significant progress has been made in the asymmetric synthesis of distal biaxial chirality, overcoming the challenges of steric complexity and dynamic stability to achieve efficient and general construction remains a critical issue. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of distal biaxial chirality, highlighting three major synthetic strategies: direct one-step construction of distal biaxial chirality, multistep sequential generation, and conversion from central to biaxial chirality, with the aim of providing new perspectives and methodologies for further development in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"461-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lindsey A Albertelli, Sainabou Jallow, Chun Li, Scott M Ulrich
{"title":"Structural reassignment of compound 968, an allosteric glutaminase inhibitor.","authors":"Lindsey A Albertelli, Sainabou Jallow, Chun Li, Scott M Ulrich","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.33","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many cancer cells require extracellular glutamine to meet the energetic, biosynthetic, and redox demands of the proliferative state. Glutaminases catalyze the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate, which supports the biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, and glutathione and can also be oxidatively deaminated to α-ketoglutarate and enter the citric acid cycle. The \"glutamine addiction\" of cancer cells has made glutaminase an attractive anticancer drug target. Compound 968 is a glutaminase inhibitor that is widely used to probe cancer cells' dependence on glutaminase activity. Here, we show by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography that the reported benzo[<i>c</i>]phenanthridine structure of compound 968 is incorrect; its true structure is the isomeric benzo[<i>c</i>]acridine. The structural reassignment of compound 968 will aid the medicinal chemistry development of this important compound.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"455-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Peng, Panpan Yang, Maaz Khan, Xiaotong Lin, Jiang Wu, Peng Fu, Qingqing Wu
{"title":"A facile and practical method for the synthesis of <i>trans</i>-(±)-taxifolin and its derivatives via Darzens reaction.","authors":"Bo Peng, Panpan Yang, Maaz Khan, Xiaotong Lin, Jiang Wu, Peng Fu, Qingqing Wu","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.31","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The synthesis of racemic <i>trans</i>-taxifolin (<i>trans</i>-(±)-taxifolin) and its derivatives and subsequent chiral separation is the most prevalent chemical method to obtain enantiomerically pure taxifolin and its derivatives. The development of an economical and practical synthetic route to <i>trans</i>-(±)-taxifolin, a key precursor to the enantiomerically pure <i>trans</i>-taxifolin, is therefore of great importance and significance. In this work, we developed a new synthetic method for <i>trans</i>-(±)-taxifolin and its derivatives with 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone as a starting material undergoing hydroxy protection, α-bromination, construction of α,β-epoxy carbonyl products via the Darzens reaction, acid-mediated deprotection, and cyclization to afford the target compounds. This method is highlighted by satisfactory overall yields (20-41%) and proceeds without the use of explosive peroxides (such as H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), which are commonly employed in methods reported earlier. The avoidance of explosive peroxides in the present method enables safe operation, easy scale-up, and also the synthesis of taxifolin derivatives with oxidant-sensitive groups, largely expanding the substituent scope compared with the previous method.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and stereochemical analysis of dynamic planar chiral oxa[7]orthocyclophene.","authors":"Yukiho Hashimoto, Yuuya Kawasaki, Kazunobu Igawa, Katsuhiko Tomooka","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.30","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Planar chiral C6-substituted oxa[7]orthocyclophenes were designed and synthesized, and their stereochemical behavior was analyzed. The Kumada-Tamao coupling of the C6-iodo-substituted oxacyclophene enabled the efficient and divergent synthesis of C6-substituted derivatives. The stereochemical analysis of the oxacyclophenes revealed that the iodo- and methyl-substituted derivatives have reasonable stereochemical stability. The planar chirality of the methyl-substituted oxacyclophene was successfully transformed into central chirality by epoxidation without loss of enantiomeric purity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"436-442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and anti-cancer activity of naphthalimide-organylselanyl conjugates.","authors":"Rajkumar Ravi, Selvakumar Karuthapandi","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.29","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The structure-based approach remains a valuable tool for rapid and high-throughput drug discovery and lead optimisation. In this study, we report the in-silico modelling and anticancer activity of two 1,8-napthalimide (NAP) derivatives containing organyl selanyl groups. The organylselanyl function <i>n</i>-octylselanyl (<i>n</i>-OctSe) or phenylselanyl (PhSe) was introduced at the 6-position of a naphthalimide structure having a conserved 3-(4-(<i>tert</i>-butyl)phenoxy)propyl function at the imide nitrogen. The resultant naphthalimide-organylselanyl conjugates, NAP-SePh and NAP-Se(<i>n</i>-Oct), were characterised using various spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, ¹H, ¹³C, ⁷⁷Se NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). NAP-SePh was structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The anticancer potential of the NAP-SePh and NAP-Se(<i>n</i>-Oct) was evaluated using an in vitro cell viability assay with MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The IC₅₀ values for compounds NAP-SePh and NAP-Se(<i>n</i>-Oct) were 27.92 ± 3 µM and 23.06 ± 3 μM, respectively. Molecular docking simulations revealed that NAP-SePh and NAP-Se(<i>n</i>-Oct) show binding affinities of -10.39 and -8.53 kcal/mol for the (1M17) active, and -10.66 and -10.59 kcal/mol for the (4HJO) inactive conformation of the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in which erlotinib, a well-known anticancer drug, binds.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"416-435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}