Batteries最新文献

{"title":"A Freestanding Multifunctional Interlayer Based on Fe/Zn Single Atoms Implanted on a Carbon Nanofiber Membrane for High-Performance Li-S Batteries","authors":"Mengdi Zhang, Shuoshuo Kong, Bei Chen, Mingbo Wu","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010015","url":null,"abstract":"By virtue of the high theoretical energy density and low cost, Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries have drawn widespread attention. However, their electrochemical performances are seriously plagued by the shuttling of intermediate polysulfides and the slow reaction kinetics during practical implementation. Herein, we designed a freestanding flexible membrane composed of nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofibers anchoring iron and zinc single atoms (FeZn-PCNF), to serve as the polysulfide barrier and the reaction promotor. The flexible porous networks formed by the interwoven carbon nanofibers not only offer fast channels for the transport of electrons/ions, but also guarantee the structural stability of the all-in-one multifunctional interlayer during cycling. Highly dispersed Fe and Zn atoms in the carbon scaffold synergistically immobilize sulfur species and expedite their reversible conversion. Therefore, employing FeZn-PCNF as the freestanding interlayer between the cathode and separator, the Li-S battery delivers a superior initial reversible discharge capacity of 1140 mA h g−1 at a current density of 0.5 C and retains a high capacity of 618 mA h g−1 after 600 cycles at a high current density of 1 C.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"125 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Han et al. Research and Application of Information Model of a Lithium Ion Battery Intelligent Manufacturing Workshop Based on OPC UA. Batteries 2020, 6, 52","authors":"Youjun Han, Yueming Hu, Yaqing Wang, Gang Jia, Chengjie Ge, Chunjie Zhang, Xuejie Huang","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010014","url":null,"abstract":"The authors wish to make the following corrections in Section 3 [...]","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"115 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Step Synthesis of ZnS-NiS2 Composite with Rough Nanosphere Morphology for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors","authors":"Meng Jiang, Muhammad Abdullah, Xin Chen, Yi E, Liyi Tan, Wei Yan, Yang Liu, Wenrui Jiang","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010016","url":null,"abstract":"Transition metal sulfides have excellent electrochemical performance and show great potential for improving the energy density of asymmetric supercapacitors. This study demonstrates a two-step synthesis technique and highlights the enhanced energy storage efficiency of ZnS-NiS2 composite materials for asymmetric supercapacitors. The composite materials of ZnS nanosheets and NiS2 nanocrystals are characterized by a rough surface and spherical shape. The sample with the optimal ratio (ZnS-NiS2-1:7) exhibits a maximum specific capacitance of 1467.9 F g−1 (550.5 C g−1) at 1 A g−1. The specific capacitance of the ZnS-NiS2-1:7 sample is 26.1% higher compared to the pure NiS2 sample. Furthermore, the assembled ZnS-NiS2-1:7//AC device shows a high specific capacitance of 127.8 F g−1 (217.3 C g−1) at 1 A g−1 and an energy density of 51.3 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 820.8 W kg−1. The ZnS-NiS2-1:7 sample has exceptional energy storage capability on its own, but it can also be composited with graphene to further increase the specific capacitance (1681.0 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), suggesting promising prospects for the ZnS-NiS2-based composite material in the future.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"67 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-Solid-State Li-Metal Cell Using Nanocomposite TiO2/Polymer Electrolyte and Self-Standing LiFePO4 Cathode","authors":"Asia Patriarchi, Hamideh Darjazi, Luca Minnetti, Leonardo Sbrascini, G. Elia, Vincenzo Castorani, M. A. Muñoz-Márquez, Francesco Nobili","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010011","url":null,"abstract":"Li-ion batteries (LIBs) represent the most sophisticated electrochemical energy storage technology. Nevertheless, they still suffer from safety issues and practical drawbacks related to the use of toxic and flammable liquid electrolytes. Thus, polymer-based solid electrolytes may be a suitable option to fulfill the safety and energy density requirements, even though the lack of high ionic conductivity at 25 °C (10−8–10−7 S cm−1) hinders their performance. To overcome these drawbacks, herein, we present an all-solid-state Li-metal full cell based on a three-component solid poly(ethylene oxide)/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide/titanium dioxide composite electrolyte that outclasses the conventional poly(ethylene oxide)-based solid electrolytes. Moreover, the cell features are enhanced by the combination of the solid electrolyte with a self-standing LiFePO4 catholyte fabricated through an innovative, simple and easily scalable approach. The structural, morphological and compositional properties of this system are characterized, and the results show that the electrochemical performance of the solid composite electrolyte can be considerably improved by tuning the concentration and morphology of TiO2. Additionally, tests performed with the self-standing LiFePO4 catholyte underline a good cyclability of the system, thus confirming the beneficial effects provided by the novel manufacturing path used for the preparation of self-standing electrodes.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"27 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Method for State of Charge Estimation in Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Temporal Convolutional Network and Multi-Verse Optimization","authors":"Yuanmao Li, Guixiong Liu, Wei Deng","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010012","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel data-driven method for state-of-charge estimation in lithium-ion batteries. It integrates a temporal convolutional network with multi-verse optimization to enhance the accuracy of predicting the state of charge. The temporal convolutional network possesses advantages such as an extended memory window and efficient parallel computation, exhibiting exceptional performance in time-series tasks for state of charge estimation. Its hyperparameters are optimized by adopting multi-verse optimization to obtain better model performance. The driving model utilizes various measurable data as inputs, including battery terminal voltage, current, and surface temperature. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, extensive datasets from diverse dynamic working conditions at different ambient temperatures are employed for model training, validation, and testing. The numerical outcomes provide evidence of the proposed method’s superior performance compared to the other two methods, providing a more robust and accurate solution for the state of charge estimation in lithium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary High-Temperature Treatment of Porous Carbons for High-Performance Supercapacitors","authors":"Weihao Chi, Guanwen Wang, Zhipeng Qiu, Qiqi Li, Zheng Xu, Zhiyuan Li, Bin Qi, Ke Cao, Chu-Te Chi, Tong Wei, Zhuangjun Fan","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010005","url":null,"abstract":"Supercapacitors are extensively used in urban rail transit, electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, electronic products, and the military industry due to its long cycle life and high power density. Porous carbon materials are regarded as promising anode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface areas and well-developed pore structures. However, the over-developed pore structure often results in poor conductivity and reduced cycle stability due to the destruction of a carbon skeleton. Herein, we introduce an advanced strategy for preparing porous carbon with high specific surface areas (3333 m2 g−1), high electrical conductivity (68.6 S m−1), and fast ion transport channels through secondary high-temperature carbonization treatment. As a result, the fabricated porous carbon anode delivers a high specific capacitance (199.2 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and outstanding rate performance (136.3 F g−1 at 20 A g−1) in organic electrolyte. Furthermore, the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 43.2 Wh kg−1 at 625.0 W kg−1, highlighting the potential of a secondary high-temperature carbonization strategy in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Batch Fabrication of Electrospun PAN/PU Composite Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Wenfei Ding, Lan Xu","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010006","url":null,"abstract":"As an important element of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the separator plays a critical role in the safety and comprehensive performance of the battery. Electrospun nanofiber separators have a high porosity and good electrolyte affinity, which are favorable to the transference of lithium ions. In this paper, the batch preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofiber separators are obtained via spherical section free surface electrospinning (SSFSE). Introducing an appropriate amount of polyester polyurethane (PU) can effectively enhance the mechanical property of PAN nanofiber separators and help the separators resist the external force extrusion. The results show that when PAN:PU = 8:2, the porosity and electrolyte uptake rate of the composite nanofiber separator (PAN-2) are 62.9% and 643.3%, respectively, exhibiting a high ionic conductivity (1.90 mS/cm). Additionally, the coin battery assembled with PAN-2 as a separator (LiFePO4/PAN-2/lithium metal) shows good cycling performance and good rate performance, with a capacity retention rate of 93.9% after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, indicating that the battery with PAN-2 has a good application potential in advanced energy storage.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"17 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Aging-Induced Voltage Slippery as Cause for Float Currents of Lithium-ion Cells","authors":"Mohamed Azzam, C. Endisch, Meinert Lewerenz","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of float current analysis in lithium-ion batteries, a promising new testing method to assess calendar aging. Float currents are defined as the steady-state trickle charge current after a transient part. In the literature, a correlation to capacity loss was reported. Assuming the float current compensates for the voltage decay over time and is linked to calendar aging, effects from voltage slippery must be considered. The dU/dQ analysis suggests solely a loss of active lithium. Therefore, we investigate the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth as the general aging mechanism to explain the origin of float currents. Our results show that the voltage slippery theory holds true within the low to middle test voltage ranges. However, the theory’s explanatory power begins to diminish at higher voltage ranges, suggesting the existence of additional, yet unidentified, factors influencing the float current. A shuttle reaction or lithiation of the cathode by electrolyte decomposition are the most promising alternative aging mechanisms at high voltages. The paper proposes a unique voltage slippery model to check for correlations between aging mechanisms, the float current test and the check-up test. For a better understanding, test strategies are proposed to verify/falsify the aging mechanisms beyond SEI.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Fast Battery-Charging Profiles Using an Electrochemical Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach","authors":"Julio Gonzalez-Saenz, Victor Becerra","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an approach to determine a fast-charging profile for a lithium-ion battery by utilising a simplified single-particle electrochemical model and direct collocation methods for optimal control. An optimal control problem formulation and a direct solution approach were adopted to address the problem effectively. The results shows that, in some cases, the optimal current profile resembles the current profile in the Constant Current–Constant Voltage charging protocol. Several challenges and knowledge gaps were addressed in this work, including a reformulation of the optimal control problem that utilises direct methods as an alternative to overcome the limitations of indirect methods employed in similar studies. The proposed formulation considers the minimum-time optimal control case, trade-offs between the total charging time, the maximisation of the lithium bulk concentration, and energy efficiency, along with inequality constraints and other factors not previously considered in the literature, which can be helpful in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"119 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138953831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of a Combined Battery Thermal Management and Safety System Utilizing Polymer Mini-Channel Cold Plates on the Thermal Runaway and Its Propagation","authors":"Henrik-Christian Graichen, G. Boye, Jörg Sauerhering, Florian Köhler, Frank Beyrau","doi":"10.3390/batteries10010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010001","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in mobile applications because they offer a suitable package of characteristics in terms of specific energy, cost, and life span. Nevertheless, they have the potential to experience thermal runaway (TR), the prevention and containment of which require safety measures and intensive thermal management. This study introduces a novel combined thermal management and safety application designed for large aspect-ratio battery cells such as pouches and thin prismatics. It comprises polymer-based mini-channel cold plates that can indirectly thermally condition the batteries’ faces with liquid. They are lightweight and space-saving, making them suitable for mobile systems. Furthermore, this study experimentally clarifies to which extent the application of polymer mini-channel cold plates between battery cells is suitable to delay TR by heat dissipation and to prevent thermal runaway propagation (TRP) to adjacent cells by simultaneously acting as a thermal barrier. NMC pouch cells of 12.5 Ah capacity were overcharged at 1 C to induce TR. Without cold plates, TR and TRP occurred within one hour. Utilizing the polymer mini-channel cold plates for face cooling, the overcharge did not produce a condition leading to cell fire in the same time frame. When the fluid inlet temperature was varied between 5 and 40 °C, the overcharged cell’s surface temperature peaked between 50 and 60 °C. Indications were found that thermal conditioning with the polymer cold plates significantly slowed down parts of the process chain before cell firing. Their peak performance was measured to be just under 2.2 kW/m2. In addition, thermal management system malfunction was tested, and evidence was found that the polymer cold plates prevented TRP to adjacent cells. In conclusion, a combined thermal management and safety system made of polymer mini-channel cold plates provides necessary TR-related safety aspects in lithium battery systems and should be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":8755,"journal":{"name":"Batteries","volume":"118 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138958367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}