Skull base surgery最新文献_第9页

May passive dispersal of fungal enemies with native substrates in olive nurseries help to control phytonematodes? 在橄榄苗圃中利用原生基质被动散布真菌敌人是否有助于控制植藻线虫?

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-12-17 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18354

M. A. Hamza, H. Tazi, O. Fossati-Gaschignard, A. Moukhli, H. Lakhtar, Z. Ferji, S. Roussos, A. El-Mousadik, H. Boubaker, T. Mateille

{"title":"May passive dispersal of fungal enemies with native substrates in olive nurseries help to control phytonematodes?","authors":"M. A. Hamza, H. Tazi, O. Fossati-Gaschignard, A. Moukhli, H. Lakhtar, Z. Ferji, S. Roussos, A. El-Mousadik, H. Boubaker, T. Mateille","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18354","url":null,"abstract":"Description of the subject. In Morocco, expanding agricultural sector under “Morocco Green Plan” will also introduce plant diseases and plant parasitic nematodes (PPN). Soil substrate used in most of the olive nurseries is potentially inhabited by PPN and natural enemies. Objectives. This work assessed the co-occurrence of PPN and nematophagous fungi (NF) in substrates and potential of NF to suppress PPN. Method. The diversity of PPN and NF genera was characterized in 305 substrate samples, isolated from 25 olive nurseries and functional activity (nematicidal and enzymatic) of NF was evaluated. Results. High PPN diversity was detected in the isolated samples and substrates were differentiated by NF activity. Global partition between PPN and NF diversity patterns confirmed prey-predator antagonism. Moreover, PPN-NF patterns depend on the fungal survival (saprophytes vs obligate parasites) and antagonism (predation vs toxicity) processes. However, even the NF strains with maximum fitness (growth, sporulation, enzymatic activity) were not inevitably the most effective against PPN. Consequently, it was hypothesized that predation and competition could be an adaptation process of NF to overcome environmental stress and exploit alternative or supplementary nutrient sources. Conclusions. The use of diverse native NF from cultivated and wild soils offer future prospects for the development of PPN management strategies in olive nurseries.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73329185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks: a study in the Autonomous Harbor of Cotonou, Benin 入侵啮齿动物和对粮食储备的损害:贝宁科托努自治港的一项研究

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-12-17 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18326

H. Dossou, N. A. Adjovi, G. Houémènou, Thomas Bagan, G. Mensah, G. Dobigny

{"title":"Invasive rodents and damages to food stocks: a study in the Autonomous Harbor of Cotonou, Benin","authors":"H. Dossou, N. A. Adjovi, G. Houémènou, Thomas Bagan, G. Mensah, G. Dobigny","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18326","url":null,"abstract":"Description of the subject. Rodents may be major pests to crops and stored food, thus threatening food security. Among them, invasive species such as rats and mice are of particular concern since they are disseminated globally following international trade. We investigated the small mammal assemblage within the international seaport of Cotonou, Benin, in order to determine the relative importance and distribution of native vs invasive rodent species, as well as to evaluate the amount and associated costs of rodent-induced damages on imported/exported stored goods (here, rice). Objectives. Description of rodent assemblages within an African seaport, and evaluation of the associated damages on stored food stocks. Method. Rodent communities were described following trapping results while associated damages and costs were evaluated following a 25 days long monitoring campaign and subsequent economic estimation of loss. Results. Our results show that invasive mice and rats are, from far, the most impacting rodents in the storage warehouses, and that the associated economic losses are quite large. Moreover, we point towards a few environmental management procedures that may greatly reduce the impact of rodents on stored goods. Conclusions. Damages and costs due to invasive rodents within the Cotonou Harbor are so that they justify financial investment in rodent population control.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72934311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Production de biomasse et immobilisation de carbone et d’azote sur des sols marginaux : cas de taillis à très courte rotation conduits sans fertilisation 边缘土壤上的生物量生产和碳氮固定:不施肥的极短轮作灌木林的案例

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-11-18 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18278

Pascal Thiébeau, I. Bertrand

{"title":"Production de biomasse et immobilisation de carbone et d’azote sur des sols marginaux : cas de taillis à très courte rotation conduits sans fertilisation","authors":"Pascal Thiébeau, I. Bertrand","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18278","url":null,"abstract":"Description du sujet. Cet article présente les productions de biomasses aériennes et souterraines de jeunes taillis à très courte rotation, non fertilisés, plantés sur des sols marginaux. Objectifs. Deux sols contrastés ont permis de suivre la croissance de saule, peuplier et robinier pour estimer leur production de biomasse exportable, l’immobilisation de carbone et d’azote dans les racines, et quantifier les restitutions au sol par la sénescence foliaire. Une comparaison de deux densités de robinier (2 500 vs 5 000 pieds·ha-1) est également réalisée. Méthode. Les dispositifs sont instrumentés afin de quantifier le carbone (C) et l’azote (N) impliqués dans i) la sénescence foliaire retournant au sol, ii) les exportations et immobilisations de deux récoltes. Résultats. Le C total immobilisé en seconde récolte varie de 7,8 à 16,1 t·ha-1 et l’azote de 125 à 393 kg·ha-1. La sénescence foliaire restitue au sol 15 à 22 % du C total fixé, tandis que 17 à 31 % est immobilisé dans les racines. L’azote restitué au sol par la sénescence a varié de 48 à 79 kg·ha-1, soit respectivement 38 à 20 % du total, et celui retrouvé dans les racines a varié de 22 à 48 % du total. Nous n’avons pas constaté d’effet de la densité de plantation sur les différents compartiments des robiniers. Conclusions. Saule et robinier ont su mieux s’adapter que le peuplier aux conditions difficiles rencontrées. La fixation d’azote symbiotique du robinier pourrait être mieux exploitée pour accroitre la production de biomasse d’autres espèces, en cultures mixtes par exemple.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85695191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Évaluation ex ante de l’irrigation de complément dans un contexte sahélien : couplage d’un modèle biophysique à un modèle économique d’exploitation agricole 萨赫勒地区补充灌溉的事前评估:将生物物理模型与农业经济模型相结合

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18056

Bétéo Zongo, A. Diarra, B. Barbier, M. Zorom, H. Karambiri, S. Ouédraogo, P. Toé, Yacouba Hamma, Thomas Dogot

{"title":"Évaluation ex ante de l’irrigation de complément dans un contexte sahélien : couplage d’un modèle biophysique à un modèle économique d’exploitation agricole","authors":"Bétéo Zongo, A. Diarra, B. Barbier, M. Zorom, H. Karambiri, S. Ouédraogo, P. Toé, Yacouba Hamma, Thomas Dogot","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18056","url":null,"abstract":"Description du sujet. Dans les pays sahéliens, la répartition spatio-temporelle hautement variable des précipitations demeure une menace pour l’agriculture pluviale, malgré le grand nombre de techniques diffusées pour la conservation des eaux et des sols. Objectifs. Analyser plusieurs stratégies d’irrigation des cultures pluviales et évaluer l’impact probable des mesures économiques incitatives en vue de faciliter l’adoption de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels de collecte des eaux de ruissellement face aux poches de sècheresse. Méthode. Les stratégies possibles d’irrigation de complément et les simulations des mesures économiques incitatives ont été analysées à partir d’un modèle bio-économique appliqué à une exploitation agricole type. Résultats. Les simulations montrent que l’irrigation de complément permet d’accroitre le revenu espéré des agriculteurs, comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. La culture du maïs, du sorgho et du mil sous l’irrigation de complément en année sèche augmente le revenu espéré de 26,49 % (133 030 francs CFA, équivalent à 202,80 euros) comparativement à la situation sans irrigation. Les simulations visant à promouvoir l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels sont axées sur quatre modalités de subventions et un système d’octroi de crédit aux ménages agricoles. Conclusions. Parmi les mesures incitatives, la subvention sous forme de travail contre nourriture pour mobiliser la main-d’œuvre en vue de construire les bassins semble particulièrement adaptée pour la mise à l’échelle de la pratique de l’irrigation de complément à partir des petits bassins individuels.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83586261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Alien invasive plants in Belgian limestone quarries 比利时石灰岩采石场的外来入侵植物

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.17984

A. Monty, A. Jorion, Carline Pitz, C. Géron, G. Mahy

引用次数: 4

Aerobic fermentation prior to pasteurization produces a selective substrate for cultivation of the mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius 巴氏灭菌前的好氧发酵为培养肺侧耳菌提供了一种选择性底物

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18106

R. C. Llarena-Hernández, A. Alonso-López, F. Hernández-Rosas, Catalino J. López, Joaquín Murguía González, J. Savoie, G. Mata

{"title":"Aerobic fermentation prior to pasteurization produces a selective substrate for cultivation of the mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius","authors":"R. C. Llarena-Hernández, A. Alonso-López, F. Hernández-Rosas, Catalino J. López, Joaquín Murguía González, J. Savoie, G. Mata","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18106","url":null,"abstract":"Description of the subject. Pleurotus species are cultivated on lignocellulosic substrates, in which contaminant fungi such as Trichoderma spp. are common. A selective substrate for Pleurotus provides the necessary conditions for protection against contaminants. Studies show that Paenibacillus polymyxa and other thermophilic bacteria benefit from the selectivity of Pleurotus cultivation substrate, however, little is known regarding these bacterial communities. Objectives. To evaluate the effect of substrate inoculation with Paenibacillus polymyxa on the productivity of Pleurotus pulmonarius and its protection against Trichoderma. Method. Barley straw inoculated with P. polymyxa and non-inoculated straw (control) was used following 0, 3 or 5 days of fermentation prior to heat treatment in order to produce the cultivation substrate. The microbiological content before and after the heat treatment, the mycelial colonization by P. pulmonarius and Trichoderma viride in competition and the yield of P. pulmonarius were all evaluated. Results. We observed that inoculation with P. polymyxa increased the number of cultivable bacteria and changed the composition of the community. The inoculation decreased the colonization ability of T. viride and favored the mycelial growth, although the yield of mushrooms was affected. Higher yields of P. pulmomarius were obtained in the control substrate where no contamination of Trichoderma spp. was observed. Conclusions. Addition of P. polymyxa modified the natural microbiological succession in a fermentation of barley straw for 5 days, favoring the competitiveness of P. pulmonarius against T. viride. Fermentation of barley straw for 3 days, followed by heat treatment, benefits the yield and protection of P. pulmonarius against Trichoderma viride.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75866620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Rigour and quality: the secrets behind a scientific journal on the rise 严谨与质量:科学期刊崛起背后的秘密

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.18108

C. Vermeulen, G. Berben, B. Pochet

{"title":"Rigour and quality: the secrets behind a scientific journal on the rise","authors":"C. Vermeulen, G. Berben, B. Pochet","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.18108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18108","url":null,"abstract":"With the bibliometric tools now at our disposal, it is easy to regularly monitor the evolution of our articles’ citation numbers. This therefore generated expectations, which were more than fulfilled when the official news came out last July: with an impact factor of 1.23 in 2018, our journal has crossed the symbolic threshold of 1. This impact factor remains modest for a generalist journal in the field of agronomy, but nevertheless it means we rank first among bilingual (French and English) scientific journals in this field. The evolution of BASE since 1997 reflects the constant concern for quality that drives the editorial and publishing boards. The Editorial Board has recently been renewed and will soon welcome members from other Belgian universities. The rigour in the selection of articles for publication translates to a decreasing total number of published articles: the rejection rate is in the high range of 70 to 90%. Moreover, the internal process for handling manuscripts is constantly evolving; for example, a new and strengthened procedure will improve the tracking of citations in journals known to be predatory. In addition, a new version of the manuscript management software, OJS, has just been put online. Finally, the switch from paper to fully digital is planned for 2020. These decisions and developments do not solve all the weaknesses identified in last year's editorial (Pochet et al., 2018), but the significant increase in the number of citations shows that BASE","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80956439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Species discrimination of terrestrial processed animal proteins by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) based on elemental characteristics 基于元素特征的激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)对陆生加工动物蛋白的物种鉴别

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.17945

Mengyan Wang, Lujia Han, Zengling Yang, Xian Liu

{"title":"Species discrimination of terrestrial processed animal proteins by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) based on elemental characteristics","authors":"Mengyan Wang, Lujia Han, Zengling Yang, Xian Liu","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.17945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.17945","url":null,"abstract":"Description of the subject. This research presents a novel approach for species discrimination of terrestrial processed animal proteins (PAP) using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as an alternative technique for determining feed safety. Objectives. To explore the correlation between LIBS results and elemental composition. To assess the potential of LIBS spectroscopic methods for species discrimination of terrestrial PAP. Method. A total of 42 reliable terrestrial PAP samples of ovine, bovine, porcine, and poultry origin were analyzed and LIBS spectra were innovatively collected from the separated bone fraction. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were performed on the dataset. Results. Significant differences were found in the element compositions (carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, strontium and barium, p < 0.05) of PAP from different sources, which indicated a high potential for species discrimination. High-marked LIBS spectral characteristics (21 variables) related to six elements (calcium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, strontium and barium) for different species of terrestrial PAP samples were found out. PAP from the four tested species could be well classified with high sensitivity and specificity (> 0.90), while the ruminant and non-ruminant PAP could be thoroughly discriminated. For the discriminant analysis of ruminant-derived components in terrestrial PAPs, the detection of 10%-40% adulteration can be achieved and the correct rate is about 95%. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that LIBS can mostly exhibit the elemental composition of different terrestrial PAP, and can be a promising method for discriminating the different animal species or animal groups (ruminant/non-ruminant) involved in terrestrial PAPs.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78555703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Intercropping oilseed rape with wheat and releasing Harmonia axyridis sex pheromone in Northern China failed to attract and support natural enemies of aphids 在华北地区，油菜与小麦间作和释放性信息素对蚜虫天敌的吸引和支持效果不佳

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.17921

S. Hatt, Xu Qingxuan, F. Francis, Julian Chen

{"title":"Intercropping oilseed rape with wheat and releasing Harmonia axyridis sex pheromone in Northern China failed to attract and support natural enemies of aphids","authors":"S. Hatt, Xu Qingxuan, F. Francis, Julian Chen","doi":"10.25518/1780-4507.17921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.17921","url":null,"abstract":"Description of the subject. Increasing plant diversity with flowering plants and releasing semiochemicals did not attract and support natural enemies of insect pests for biological control. Objectives. We tested the effect of intercropping oilseed rape with wheat, and releasing the sex pheromone of the ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis, on the abundance of aphids’ natural enemies. Method. Four treatments repeated three times were compared in an experimental field in Langfang (Hebei, China): (i) oilseed rape–wheat intercropping + sex pheromone release, (ii) oilseed rape–wheat intercropping solely, (iii) pure-stand wheat and (iv) pure-stand oilseed rape. Ladybeetles, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitoids were pan-trapped during nine weeks in spring 2016 in each treatment. Results. A diversity of natural enemy species was trapped. However, intercropping and the release of the sex pheromone did not significantly increase their abundance compared to pure-stands. Conclusions. The results are discussed in regard to technical issues to improve the experimental protocol for future research in China.","PeriodicalId":87455,"journal":{"name":"Skull base surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85572872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Developing a scientific journal in a changing world 在不断变化的世界中发展科学期刊

Skull base surgery Pub Date : 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.25518/1780-4507.17219

B. Pochet, Berben Gilbert, C. Vermeulen

引用次数: 0