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Toxic substance mechanisms最新文献

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ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF RED PHOSPHORUS SMOKE 红磷烟雾的急性吸入毒性
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229251
B. Ballantyne
{"title":"ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF RED PHOSPHORUS SMOKE","authors":"B. Ballantyne","doi":"10.1080/107691898229251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229251","url":null,"abstract":"The acute inhalation toxicity of smoke generated from pure unform ulated red phosphorus ignited in an air stream was investigated in male rabbits, rats, m ice, and guinea pigs, exposed for 1 h. There was a wide range of 1h-LC values 5 0 among the species. Expressed as phosphorus, they were 1689 mg/m 3 (rabbits), 1217 mg/m 3 (rat), 271 mg/m 3 (mouse), and 61 mg/m 3 (guinea pig); expressed as ortho-phosphoric acid equivalents, the values are 5337, 3846, 856, and 193 mg /m 3 . In rabbits, rats, and m ice that died, there were sim ilar histopathological findings in the respiratory tract; laryngotracheal epithelial or mucosal necrosis with acute inflammatory cell infiltration, pulmonary congestion and edema, alveolar hemorrhages, alveolar wall polymorphonuclear cell infiltration, bronchiolitis, and macrophage aggregations in alveoli and bronchioles. These findings are compatible with respiratory tract injury from the corrosive effects of phosphoric acids in the smoke com position. In contrast, guinea pigs at t...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80450400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Toxic substance mechanisms: Editorial 毒性物质机制:社论
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229297
K. Wallace
{"title":"Toxic substance mechanisms: Editorial","authors":"K. Wallace","doi":"10.1080/107691898229297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77645761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CORRELATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MAMMOTROPHS WITH REDUCTIONS IN SERUM AND TISSUE PROLACTIN FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF RATS TO KENTUCKY-31 ENDOPHYTE-INFECTED SEED EXTRACT 大鼠暴露于肯塔基-31内生真菌感染的种子提取物后，乳腺营养细胞形态学变化与血清和组织催乳素减少的相关性
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229314
W. Manning, J. B. Garner
{"title":"CORRELATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MAMMOTROPHS WITH REDUCTIONS IN SERUM AND TISSUE PROLACTIN FOLLOWING EXPOSURE OF RATS TO KENTUCKY-31 ENDOPHYTE-INFECTED SEED EXTRACT","authors":"W. Manning, J. B. Garner","doi":"10.1080/107691898229314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229314","url":null,"abstract":"To provide a mechanism for the reduced serum prolactin (PRL) concentration associated with fescue toxicity, this study examined changes in ultrastructure and im munocytochem istry of pituitary mammotrophs following treatment with fescue extract. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed subcutaneously every 12 hours with either Kentucky-31 endophyte-infected seed extract (KEISE-4.86 gram seed equivalents/ml) or physiological sterile saline (PSS) from day 16 of gestation through day 4 postpartum. The level of hypophyseal immunoreactive PRL was indirectly estimated by microspectrophotometric quantitation of the absorbance of transmitted light. Light absorbed by hypophyseal tissue from KEISE-treated rats was 40.5% less (p <.05) than that of PSS-treated controls, suggesting the hypophyseal glands of KEISE-treated animals were synthesizing a sm aller amount of PRL. Serum PRL was directly quantitated by radioimmunoassay. The KEISE-treated dams did not show a significant rise in serum PRL, which is known to occ...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84722353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Brief Communication LONG-TERM TOXICITY FOLLOWING ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF NICKEL 急性给予镍后的短暂接触和长期毒性
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229305
E. Novel
{"title":"A Brief Communication LONG-TERM TOXICITY FOLLOWING ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF NICKEL","authors":"E. Novel","doi":"10.1080/107691898229305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Treatment with the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate modifies cadmium accumulation and metallothionein induction in C57 and C3H mice 抗雄激素醋酸环丙孕酮可改变C57和C3H小鼠的镉积累和金属硫蛋白诱导
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229350
Hideaki Shimada Michael P. Waalkes
{"title":"Treatment with the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate modifies cadmium accumulation and metallothionein induction in C57 and C3H mice","authors":"Hideaki Shimada Michael P. Waalkes","doi":"10.1080/107691898229350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229350","url":null,"abstract":"With the continuing concern over both steroid compounds and metals as potential environmental pollutants, the interactions between these compounds could become an important health issue. In our continuing study of the interactions of cadmium with various steroids we recently found that testosterone pretreatment protects against cadmium-induced toxicity in C57 mice but has no effect in C3H mice. The basis of this strain-specific acquired tolerance to cadmium is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate (CA) on the toxicokinetics and toxicity of cadmium and on the ability of cadmium to induce metallothionein (MT) in male C57 and C3H mice. To assess the tissue accumulation of cadmium, the mice were given CA (10 mg/kg, sc, at 48, 24, and 0 h) prior to cadmium (10 mumol/kg, 0 h). The tissue distribution of cadmium was markedly affected by CA pretreatment, as accumulation of cadmium in liver of both strains was reduced 24 h after cadmium administration. Renal ...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79355156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
EFFECTS OF RUBIDIUM ON THE SECRETORY FUNCTION OF THE RAT SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND 铷对大鼠颌下腺分泌功能的影响
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229369
Mohammad Abdollahi Ahmadreza Dehpour Golriz Baharnouri
{"title":"EFFECTS OF RUBIDIUM ON THE SECRETORY FUNCTION OF THE RAT SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND","authors":"Mohammad Abdollahi Ahmadreza Dehpour Golriz Baharnouri","doi":"10.1080/107691898229369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229369","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of rubidium chloride (1200 mg/L drinking water) treatment for 10 d on rat submandibular saliva composition were examined in this study. Both submandibular ducts were cannulated intraorally with polyethylene tubes, and pure saliva was collected from anesthetized rubidium-treated and control rats using pilocarpine as a secretagogue. Saliva protein and calcium concentrations were found to be significantly (p < .05) increased in rubidium-treated groups. N -acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) is one of the sensitive hydrolytic lysosomal enzymes that can be released after submandibular gland damage. The secretion of NAG in saliva increased significantly ( p <.01)after rubidium treatment. Salivary flow rate, normalized for gland weight, was also affected by rubidium treatment as there was a significant (p <.01) reduction of flow rate in rubidium-exposed rats. There is no obvious basis for these alterations in saliva protein and calcium content and in flow rate induced with rubidium, but possible...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76847020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
IN VITRO GENETIC TOXICOLOGY INVESTIGATIONS WITH 5-ETHYLIDENE-2-NORBORNENE 5-乙基-2-降冰片烯的体外遗传毒理学研究
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229378
B. Ballantyne
{"title":"IN VITRO GENETIC TOXICOLOGY INVESTIGATIONS WITH 5-ETHYLIDENE-2-NORBORNENE","authors":"B. Ballantyne","doi":"10.1080/107691898229378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229378","url":null,"abstract":"5-Ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB, CAS No. 16219-75-3), an industrial chemical, was investigated for genotoxic potential with a battery of in vitro tests. No mutagenic activity occurred in the presence or absence of m etabolic activation with a Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538, or in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell forward gene mutation assay (HGPRT locus). No effect was seen in a sister chromatid exchange test in CHO cells, with or without metabolic activation. A cytogenetic study, also conducted with CHO cells, did not show any increase in aberrant cells following dosing with ENB in the presence or absence of m etabolic activation. The findings suggest an absence of a m utagenic or clastogenic potential for ENB. reverse assay with strains TA98, TA100,","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76844765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
TRICHLOROETHYLENE:A CURRENT REVIEW OF METABOLISM, MODE OF ACTION, AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS 三氯乙烯:代谢、作用方式和调控考虑的最新综述
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229387
Elizabeth Lash
{"title":"TRICHLOROETHYLENE:A CURRENT REVIEW OF METABOLISM, MODE OF ACTION, AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS","authors":"Elizabeth Lash","doi":"10.1080/107691898229387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229387","url":null,"abstract":"Trichloroethylene (TRI) is a volatile, mobile, clear, colorless liquid that has been widely used in industry as a solvent and cleaner and has become a major groundwater contaminant. TRI is a well-recognized animal carcinogen, exhibiting marked sex- and species-dependent differences in susceptibility and target organ specificity. Controversy exists, however, about the cancer risk to humans from TRI exposure. Bioassays in laboratory animals have demonstrated increased incidences of liver and lung tumors in mice, and low, not always consistent, incidences of kidney tumors in male rats. In humans, however, direct evidence of carcinogenicity from TRI exposure is equivocal, although a few epidemiological studies have linked TRI exposure with increased incidence of urinary-tract tumors and lymphomas in workers and with childhood leukemia. Some studies have found evidence of renal injury and increased incidence of renal tumors, although many of these studies have small cohorts, incomplete exposure information, an...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89752478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO GENETIC TOXICOLOGY STUDIES WITH BIS[2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHYL] ETHER 双[2-(二甲氨基)乙基]醚的体内外遗传毒理学研究
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229459
B. Ballantyne
{"title":"IN VITRO AND IN VIVO GENETIC TOXICOLOGY STUDIES WITH BIS[2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHYL] ETHER","authors":"B. Ballantyne","doi":"10.1080/107691898229459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229459","url":null,"abstract":"Bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]ether (DMAEE;CAS no. 3033-62-3), an industrial chemical, was investigated for potential genotoxicity by in vitro and in vivo tests. No mutagenic activity occurred in vitro in a Salmonella typhimurium reverse assay with strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538, or in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell forward gene mutation assay (HGPRT locus), with or without metabolic activation. In a CHO sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test, although weak activity was seen, there was no clear doseresponse relationship, the effect was not replicated in duplicate cultures, and in the presence of metabolic activity statistical significance was only noted when the data from replicate cultures were combined. DMAEE did not stimulate unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes, expressed as either nuclear or DNA-bound 3H-thymidine. A peripheral blood mouse micronucleus test (DMAEE at 45, 90, and 145 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) showed no increase in micronucleated polychromatophilic ery...","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82460517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
PEROXIDATIVE CHANGES IN RAT MYOCARDIUM PRODUCED BY GAMMA RAYS OR FARMORUBICIN: PREVENTION BY CARDIOXANE OR NEOTON 伽玛射线或法莫比星引起的大鼠心肌过氧化变化:由心氧烷或氖预防
Toxic substance mechanisms Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/107691898229413
W. Przybyszewski, M. Wi
{"title":"PEROXIDATIVE CHANGES IN RAT MYOCARDIUM PRODUCED BY GAMMA RAYS OR FARMORUBICIN: PREVENTION BY CARDIOXANE OR NEOTON","authors":"W. Przybyszewski, M. Wi","doi":"10.1080/107691898229413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/107691898229413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87425,"journal":{"name":"Toxic substance mechanisms","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74532173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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